固相萃取净化/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饲料中7种大环内酯类药物含量

建立了添加剂预混合饲料、精料补充饲料、配合饲料和浓缩饲料中7种大环内酯类药物(替米考星、罗红霉素、螺旋霉素、泰乐菌素、红霉素、克拉霉素和阿奇霉素)含量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定方法。饲料样品经1%氨化乙腈提取,Oasis PRiME HLB固相萃取柱净化后,采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸水-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾离子源正离子模式下检测,外标法定量。结果表明,替米考星、螺旋霉素和红霉素的线性范围为0.5～50μg/L(r²>0.99),罗红霉素、泰乐菌素、克拉霉素和阿奇霉素的线性范围为0.25～50μg/L(r²>0.99);7种待测物的检出限(LOD)为1.25～2.5μg/kg,定量下限为2.5～5.0μg/kg,5、10、50μg/kg 3个加标浓度下的平均回收率为61.4%～103%,批内和批间相对标准偏差为0.43%～15%。该方法简便、快速、灵敏,基质干扰小,适用于各类饲料中大环内酯类药...     

三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐阻燃剂的合成及性能表征

三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐自膨胀阻燃剂[1]无卤、低烟、低毒,其热解温度与被阻燃材料的降解温度的匹配,效果很好。本文合成了三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐(MPP)[2],用元素分析,XRD、TG、DSC、IR等表征,并对其阻燃性能进行了测定,讨论了阻燃机理。1　实验部分1.1　仪器与试剂三聚氰胺(化学纯,含量不少于98.5%,北京化工厂);焦磷酸钠(Na4P2O7·10H2O,分析纯,含量不少于99.0%,上海科昌精细化学品公司);浓硫酸(分析纯,成都新都金牛王化工厂);硝酸(分析纯,成都有机化学试剂厂)。岛津TG 50H热重分析仪和DSC 50H差热分析仪;PerKin Eimer240C元素分析仪;…     

Local thermal conductivity of polycrystalline AlN ceramics measured by scanning thermal microscopy and complementary scanning electron microscopy techniques

The local thermal conductivity of polycrystalline aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramics is measured and imaged by using a scanning thermal microscope (SThM) and complementary scanning electron microscope (SEM) based techniques at room temperature. The quantitative thermal conductivity for the AlN sample is gained by using a SThM with a spatial resolution of sub-micrometer scale through using the 3ω method. A thermal conductivity of 308 W/m·K within grains corresponding to that of high-purity single crystal AlN is obtained. The slight differences in thermal conduction between the adjacent grains are found to result from crystallographic misorientations, as demonstrated in the electron backscattered diffraction. A much lower thermal conductivity at the grain boundary is due to impurities and defects enriched in these sites, as indicated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.     

Rapid Thermal Annealing Effects on Structural and Optical Properties of Self-Assembled InAs／GaAs Quantum Dots Capped by InAIAs／InGaAs Layers

Effects of rapid thermal annealing on the optical and structural properties of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots capped by the InAlAs/InGaAs combination layers are studied by photoluminescence and transmission electron microscopy. The photoluminescence measurement shows that the photoluminescence peak of the sample after 850℃ rapid thermal annealing is blue shifted with 370meV and the excitation peak intensity increases by a factor of about 2.7 after the rapid thermal annealing, which indicates that the InAs quantum dots have experienced an abnormal transformation during the annealing. The transmission electron microscopy shows that the quantum dots disappear and a new InAlGaAs single quantum well structure forms after the rapid thermal annealing treatment. The transformation mechanism is discussed. These abnormal optical properties are attributed to the structural transformation of these quantum dots into a single quantum well.     

基于集对分析的一种优选模型确定水库正常蓄水位

针对鲁皂水库正常蓄水位优选中各指标不相容问题,利用集对分析理论构建正常蓄水位优选模型,将参选水库正常蓄水位方案的多个指标合成为一个与标准评价集的优越度,用来描述水库正常蓄水位方案的总体综合优越性.研究结果表明,鲁皂水库正常蓄水位为1386m,采用对立与同一优选模型确定水库特征水位合理可行,模型结构简洁,计算量小.     

A nano-scale mirror-like surface of Ti–6Al–4V attained by chemical mechanical polishing

Metal Ti and its alloys have been widely utilized in the fields of aviation, medical science, and micro-electromechanical systems, for its excellent specific strength, resistance to corrosion, and biological compatibility. As the application of Ti moves to the micro or nano scale, however, traditional methods of planarization have shown their short slabs.Thus, we introduce the method of chemical mechanical polishing(CMP) to provide a new way for the nano-scale planarization method of Ti alloys. We obtain a mirror-like surface, whose flatness is of nano-scale, via the CMP method. We test the basic mechanical behavior of Ti–6Al–4V(Ti64) in the CMP process, and optimize the composition of CMP slurry.Furthermore, the possible reactions that may take place in the CMP process have been studied by electrochemical methods combined with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). An equivalent circuit has been built to interpret the dynamic of oxidation. Finally, a model has been established to explain the synergy of chemical and mechanical effects in the CMP of Ti–6Al–4V.     

Controlled Growth of Zn-Polar ZnO Films on Al-Terminated α-Al2O3(0001) Surface by Using Wurtzite MgO Buffer

The controlled growth of Zn-polar ZnO fihns on Al-terminated α-Al203 （0001） substrates is investigated by the radio-frequency plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy method. Prior to the growth, α-Al2O3 （0001） surface is modified by an ultrathin MgO layer, which serves as a uniform template for epitaxy of Zn-polar ZnO films. The microstructures of ZnO/MgO/Al2O3 interface are investigated by in-situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction observations and ex-situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy characterization. It is found that under Mg-rich condition, the achievement of the wurtzite MgO ultrathin layer plays a key role in the subsequent growth of Zn-polar ZnO. An interracial atomic model is proposed to explain the mechanism of polarity selection of both MgO and ZnO films.     

基于样本点选择策略的一种改进响应面法

为提高响应面函数在验算点附近的拟合精度,提出了一种基于样本点选择策略的改进响应面法,选取不考虑随机变量耦合项的多项式进行拟合,通过对第二次迭代产生的设计点构造参考点,令样本点或参考点进行线性插值,从而得到下一次迭代所需样本点.该方法不仅能有效利用已有的抽样信息从而减少评估结构系统可靠性所需的计算工作量,还可以使得拟合得...     

基于可逆共价化学的交联聚合物加工成型研究——聚合物工程发展的新挑战

可逆共价聚合物能够通过外界刺激(包括加热、光和pH)触发可逆反应,从而实现聚合物拓扑结构的重组,同时在撤销刺激后又可以像不可逆共价聚合物一样保持结构稳定性.近年来,越来越多的研究者致力于利用该特性来解决交联聚合物加工成型的难题,这不仅打破了传统热塑性聚合物和热固性聚合物的严格界限,而且带来了新的材料研发方法和功能,使得聚合物制品种类更加多样化,其生命周期也相应得以延长.孕育着传统聚合物工程领域的新突破,具有重要价值.为及时反映这一态势,本文总结了可逆共价化学的基本原理,阐述了可逆共价聚合物的流变特性,并且综述了由此衍生的含可逆共价键交联聚合物各类成型加工技术原型和应用,如力学性能调控、塑性变形、焊接、纳米填料的分散与增强效应、模压成型与固相回收、注射成型、挤出成型、3D打印、碳纤维复合材料的可控降解与再生等,在此基础上,进一步分析了该新兴领域的挑战和发展趋势.     

拉压强度不同、具有圆孔的大薄板材料的极限分析

本文对拉压强度不同（简称具有Ｓ－Ｄ效应）的具有圆孔的大薄板材料作了极限分析。结果表明,结构的极限荷载随着材料的压拉强度之比ｋ呈双曲函数增加．考虑到材料具有不同拉压强度的观点,本文的分析结果更具有一般性。