双程前向结构掺铒光纤光源稳定性的实验研究

为了获得高稳定的光纤陀螺掺铒光纤光源,理论分析了平均波长受温度变化的影响因素,实验研究了双程前向(DPF)结构掺铒光纤光源平均波长温度稳定性。主要通过优化铒纤长度来减小铒纤的本征温度系数对光源稳定性的影响,优化泵浦功率使其引起平均波长的变化达到最小。最终获得了掺铒光纤光源在双程前向结构下的优化铒纤长度12.2m和优化泵浦功率150mW,对比分析了包括优化铒纤长度在内的三个长度下,不同泵浦功率对光源的平均波长、输出功率和谱宽的影响;测量了不同长度铒纤的本征温度系数,获得了平均波长稳定性为-0.452ppm/°C的双程前向光纤光源。     

Hydrothermal Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Properties of a Novel Polyoxometalate {[Cu~Ⅱ(1,10-phen)]_2[PMo~Ⅵ_(11)Mo~ⅤO_(40)]} [Cu~Ⅰ(C_8N_4H_6)(C_9H_6NO)(H_2O)]

A new pseudo three-dimensional framework structure of the title compound {[CuⅡ(1,10-phen)]2[PMoⅥ11MoⅤO40]}[CuⅠ(C8N4H6)(C9H6NO)(H2O)](1) has been prepared by the hydrothermal method for the first time and characterized by elemental analyses,X-ray single-crystal diffraction and IR spectra.1 consists of two building blocks,one {[CuⅡ(1,10-phen)]2[PMoⅥ11MoⅤO40]} and one [CuⅠ(C8N4H6)(C9H6NO)(H2O)] coordinated group.Singlecrystal X-ray diffraction revealed that 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system,space group P2/c with a=13.498(4),b=12.890(3),c=21.465(8),β=97.314o,V=3704(2)3,Mr=2693.61,Z=2,Dc=2.415 Mg/m3,μ=2.915 mm-1,F(000)=2562,S=1.009,the final R=0.0583 and wR=0.1406 for 5129 observed reflections with I2σ(I).Furthermore,compound 1 shows strong fluorescent properties in the solid state at room temperature.The electrochemical behavior of 1 has also been studied by cyclic voltammograms.     

Flexible control of semiconductor laser with frequency tunable modulation transfer spectroscopy

We introduce a new method of simultaneously implementing frequency stabilization and frequency shift for semiconductor lasers. We name this method the frequency tunable modulation transfer spectroscopy(FTMTS). To realize a stable output of 780 nm semiconductor laser, an FTMTS optical heterodyne frequency stabilization system is constructed. Before entering into the frequency stabilization system, the probe laser passes through an acousto-optical modulator(AOM) twice in advance to achieve tunable frequency while keeping the light path stable. According to the experimental results, the frequency changes from 120 MHz to 190 MHz after the double-pass AOM, and the intensity of laser entering into the system is greatly changed, but there is almost no change in the error signal of the FTMTS spectrum. Using this signal to lock the laser frequency, we can ensure that the frequency of the laser changes with the amount of AOM shift. Therefore,the magneto-optical trap(MOT)-molasses process can be implemented smoothly.     

生物质与煤矸石混烧特性实验研究

采用热重分析仪,以20℃/min的温升速率对煤矸石、玉米秸秆以及二者的混合物进行燃烧特性实验,得到了燃烧的特性参数,再通过动力学分析得到了燃烧的活化能等动力学参数.研究结果表明,煤矸石的着火特性、综合燃烧特性差,玉米秸秆着火特性、综合燃烧特性较好.煤矸石和玉米秸秆混合物的燃烧特性取决于混合物中各物质所含的比例,混合物中玉米秸秆的比例越高,综合燃烧特性越好.     

Hadronic Interpretation of High-Energy Gamma-Rays from Two TeV Sources Coincident with Molecular Clouds Overtaken by Supernova Remnants

We present a possible hadronic explanation of the high-energy γ-ray emission from two very high-energy （VHE） sources, HESS 31745-303 （A ） and HESS 31714-385, which coincide with supernova remnants （SNRs） interacting with dense molecular clouds （MCs）. We calculate the proton spectra and the corresponding hadronic γ-ray spectra for different Mach numbers of the shock wave in a semi-analytical model for the non-linear shock acceleration process, then apply the model to the two newly discovered TeV sources. The results show that the γ-ray spectra for the two sources with energies above 100 MeV detected by HESS and EGRET can be reproduced with low Mach numbers about 2.5. Thus the high-energy γ-ray origin for each one of the two sources can be interpreted as proton-proton （p-p） collisions in MCs overtaken by an SNR shock wave.     

基于边缘区域不变矩的缺损扩展目标识别方法

 该方法提出以基于边缘区域的局部不变矩作为识别特征,结合多神经网络实现对缺损扩展目标的有效识别。讨论了离散情况下基于边缘区域局部不变矩的平移、旋转和尺度不变性。在此基础上,建立目标多个处理区域的BP人工神经网络,利用各网络分类综合结果提高缺损目标的识别率。实验结果显示该方法能够对缺损扩展目标进行正确识别,特别对于有较大部分缺损的扩展目标识别有明显优势。     

锂离子电池氧化亚硅负极结构优化和界面改性研究进展

氧化亚硅(SiO)作为锂离子电池负极材料,具有较高的理论比容量(~2043 mAh·g^-1)以及合适的脱锂电位(< 0.5 V),且原料储量丰富、制备成本较低、对环境友好,被认为是下一代高能量密度锂离子电池负极极具潜力的候选材料。然而,SiO在脱/嵌锂过程中存在着较严重的体积效应(~200%),易导致材料颗粒粉化、脱落,严重影响了SiO负极电极的界面稳定性和电化学性能。近年来,人们围绕SiO负极结构优化和界面改性开展了大量工作。本文先从SiO负极材料的结构特点出发,阐述了该材料面临的主要瓶颈问题;继而从SiO的结构优化、SiO/碳复合和SiO/金属复合等三方面,系统总结了迄今已有的SiO负极结构设计和界面调控策略,并分别对其方法特点、电化学性能以及二者间关联规律进行了比较和归纳,最后对SiO负极材料结构和界面改性的未来发展方向进行了展望。     

水相光引发聚合诱导自组装制备嵌段共聚物纳米材料

本文以聚甲基丙烯酸甘油酯(PGMA)作为大分子链转移剂、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPMA)为单体、苯基钠盐-三甲基苯甲酰亚磷酸盐(SPTP)为引发剂,通过水相光引发可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)分散聚合制备了一系列PGMA-b-PHPMA共聚物纳米材料。考察了水相光引发聚合诱导自组装的反应动力学,在温和条件下(水相、可见光和室温)成功得到不同形貌的聚合物纳米材料(球形、纤维和囊泡),并进一步探究了反应条件对嵌段聚合物形貌的影响。聚合反应的激活或暂停都可以通过对光源的简单"开/关"进行控制。     

三联吡啶化合物的溶剂致荧光变色及丁醇异构体鉴别

在三联吡啶分子中引入N,N-二甲基官能团, 实现了三联吡啶分子的局部激发态发光. 研究发现, 溶剂的极性诱导三联吡啶的偶极矩发生变化, 实现了从深蓝光(λ_max=384 nm)到黄光(λ_max=558 nm)的溶剂致荧光变色. 由于三联吡啶的荧光易受醇溶剂中—OH基团振荡猝灭, 不同空间位阻的正丁醇、 异丁醇、 仲丁醇及叔丁醇溶剂使得三联吡啶发光光色相近, 但发光强度的差异较大. 三联吡啶进一步与ZnCl₂配位得到了三联吡啶-Zn(Ⅱ)配合物, 金属离子Zn(Ⅱ)的配位作用促进了三联吡啶分子内电荷转移. 由于电子给体N,N-二甲基官能团可发生平面扭曲, 丁醇异构体可调节三联吡啶-Zn(Ⅱ)的局部激发态和扭曲分子内电荷转移发光, 进而实现其在丁醇异构体溶剂中发光光色的调节. 因此, 三联吡啶和三联吡啶-Zn(Ⅱ)具有良好的溶剂致荧光变色性能, 可应用于4种丁醇异构体的鉴别.     

退色光度法测定痕量Cr(Ⅲ)的研究

基于在ＯＰ存在下,痕量Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）可使萘酚绿Ｂ退色的反应,本文提出了一种应用新的退色光度法测定痕量Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的方法,该方法线性范围为０．２４－３．００μｇ．ｍＬ＾－１,检出限为２．０５μｇ．ｍＬ＾－１。该方法用于模拟样品的测定,回收率为１００％－１０８％。