掺杂型聚合物的电晕极化特性及其机理研究

实验研究了聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂(PMMA)掺杂生色团分散红DR19的电光聚合物的电晕极化特性.结合吸收光谱法和显微镜形貌分析了极化电压、极化温度以及极化时间对极化效果的影响.理论和实验分析得出极化电压增大可以增大聚合物内部极化电场,但电压过大会引起薄膜击穿而降低极化效果;而极化温度升高可以增大分子取向力,但在聚合物玻璃化温度以上会导致相分离;极化时生色团分子的取向随时间增大并逐渐达到动态平衡.实验结果表明:表征极化效果的序参数随极化电压的增大而先增大后减小,随极化温度的升高而先增大后减小,随极化时间的增长先增大后趋于稳定.     

Negative Refraction of a Symmetrical π-shaped Metamaterial

A symmetrical π-shaped metamaterial is investigated. Numerical simulations exhibit the negative-refractive property of this structure. The complex refractive index n, wave impedance z, effective permittivity ε and effective permeability μ have been retrieved from the simulated S parameters. The negative-refractive band lies between 11.2 GHz and 13.05 GHz. The frequency band with high transmission with low loss occurs between 11.95 GHz and 12.5 GHz, which is helpful for practical applications. The mechanism of the electromagnetic resonance is also revealed.     

聚合物集成光学陀螺最佳耦合系数的研究

无源环形谐振腔(Passive ring resonator,PRR)是谐振式光学陀螺(Resonator optic gyros,ROG)的核心敏感器件,其光学传递函数的半峰全宽是决定陀螺标度因子的重要因素之一。根据多光束干涉理论,耦合系数将通过对反射式无源环形谐振腔的半峰全宽的作用而影响陀螺的标度因子。根据耦合模理论和调频检测原理,以标度因子最优为判据,推导了一般情形下耦合系数对标度因子的影响,论证了最佳耦合系数的存在与确定方法,并进行了仿真验证。结果表明,光纤陀螺中5%左右的最佳耦合系数取值不具有普遍意义,为较高波导传输损耗的聚合物集成光学陀螺结构优化提供一种新的思路。     

胶体CdSe量子点的色度学特性研究

使用化学胶体法合成了CdSe量子点，研究了样品的荧光量子产率，发现随CdSe量子点粒径的增大，荧光量子产率存在先增大后减小的现象.研究了CdSe量子点的色度学特性，通过对不同尺寸、不同粒径分布范围的CdSe量子点色度坐标的计算，讨论了粒径分布范围对其荧光颜色饱和度的影响，解释了为何难以获得高颜色饱和度的绿光量子点.利用红、蓝两种不同尺寸的量子点配制出白光样品，提出了估计配色后样品色度坐标的经验公式，结果显示白光样品色度坐标的实验值与经验公式估计值基本一致.     

半导体光放大器中非简并四波混频效应的理论分析

对半导体光放大器有源区中的非简并四波混频(NDFWM)过程的几种主要物理机制进行了理论分析与数值计算.由载流子速率方程、密度矩阵方程及非线性波动方程出发,分别考虑产生NDFWM效应的三个主要的物理过程：载流子浓度调制(CDP),载流子热效应(CH)及光谱烧孔效应(SHB),理论推导得其各自相应的非线性耦合波方程组,并将三种物理机制对NDFWM的贡献进行了比较,同时还讨论了线宽增强因子对NDFWM的转换效率的影响. 关键词：     

1,3,4-噁二唑衍生物的双光子吸收和双光子泵浦荧光

依据“推电子基-共轭中心-拉电子基-共轭中心-推电子基”的模型将电荷传输型1,3,4-噁二唑环嵌入芳香共轭体中, 通过Wittig-Horner反应合成了2种对称型强双光子吸收和双光子诱导荧光分子2,5-二[4-(2-芳基乙烯基)苯基]-1,3,4-噁二唑. 它们的氯仿溶液在锁模Nd: YAG激光器800 nm激光照射下, 发射出很强的双光子上转换荧光, 其最强荧光分别在波长507和475 nm. 采用非线性透过率法测得其双光子吸收截面分别为1.07×10^－46和6.6×10^－47 cm⁴•s•photon^－1. 这2个对称型D-π-A-π-D生色分子从激发端基到π共轭桥的有效能量传输, 对双光子吸收和双光子荧光发射能力贡献较大.     

分子一阶超极化率溶剂效应的理论研究

基于一维谐振子模型建立了极性溶剂对光学二阶非线性分子一阶超极化率产生影响的简化理论模型,推导出了非线性分子的线性极化率α和一阶超极化率β的表达式. 以对硝基苯胺为例,所建立的理论模型计算结果较好地解释了实验获得的溶剂极性对其分子线性吸收峰波长（λ_p）和β值的影响.     

A Sensor-on-Chip Based on Second-Order Optical Effect of ZnO Nanowires

Strong second-order nonlinear effect of ZnO nanowires on a silicon wafer are demonstrated by using the hyper- Rayleigh scattering （FIRS） measurement. The large nonlinear effect can be attributed to the following two factors： （1） the large total dipole moment caused by high surface defect density and electrostatic potential gradient, （2） coherent effect due to high crystal quality of single nanowire. Moreover, the second-order nonlinear effect is found to become weaker when the chip is put into organic solvent due to modification of surface defect caused by organic molecules. The variation of second-order signal in the solvent indicated the potential applications of ZnO nanowires as a sensor-on-chip （SoC）.     

Performances of ZnO-Based Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Fabricated by Hydrothermal Synthesis and Sol-Gel Technique

ZnO is introduced as an alternative to TiO2 in dye sensitized solar cells （DSSCs） due to its band gap similar to TiO2, higher electron mobility, and flexible procedures of preparations. Several samples of ZnO films are prepared with the hydrothermal synthesis method and the sol-gel technique, respectively. These ZnO films were assembled as photoanodes in DSSCs using N3 dye as the sensitizer. The ZnO-based cells prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis show typical current source characteristics, whose fill factor （FF） is 0.44 and photo-to-electric power conversion efficiency is 0.34%. On the other hand, all the samples prepared with the sol-gel technique show accompanied source characteristics with relatively higher power conversion efficiencies （1%） but a lower FF （0.26）. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and atomic force microscopy （AFM） measurements indicate that the sol-gel samples have small particles sizes. Therefore, sol-gel samples could adsorb more dye molecules to generate high conversion efficiencies. At the same time, more grain boundaries make it more possible for injected electrons to recombine with the oxidized electrolyte. Hydrothermal samples have bigger grains, so they show poor conversion efficiency and relatively high FF.     

Amplified Spontaneous Emission of Organic Pyridinium Dye doped Polymeric Waveguide

An organic dye salt trans-4-[p-（N-hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino）styryl]-N-methylpyridinium iodide （ASPI） is doped with an electron transport organic molecule tris（8-hydroxyquinoline） aluminium （Alq3） in a host matrix of poly（methylmethacrylate） （PMMA）, and the amplified spontaneous emission （ASE） is studied. By efficient Forster energy transfer from Alq3 to ASPI, it is demonstrated that the ASE threshold of ASPI：Alq3：PMMA waveguide （about 11 μJ/pulse） is much lower than that of ASPI：PMMA system （about 38 μJ/pulse）. Meanwhile, the peak position of ASE can be controlled by the effect of film thickness on waveguide modes. We show that the ASE peak position can be tuned over 37nm. These characteristics indicate the ASPI：Alq3 system as a promising gain medium for optical amplifiers and organic semiconductor lasers.