南方马尾松松针挥发油成分的气相色谱/质谱分析

采用水蒸了蒸馏方法从中国南方新鲜马尾松松针中提取出挥发油,利用气相色谱／质谱（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）联用技术对其化学成分进行了分析,共分离出９１个峰,各组分经数据库标准图谱核对,得到分子结构。其中３６种化合物的含量较高,占总离子流的８３．０５％,主要是单萜和倍半萜,以及少量萜烯的醇、酯类化合物。     

基于纳米银的检测黄曲霉毒素免疫传感器研究

黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)是食品中常见的强毒性霉菌毒素,如何对AFB1进行快速、准确、方便的检测受到了研究人员的广泛关注。本研究采用氧化石墨烯/纳米银/AFB1单克隆抗体复合材料(GO/Ag/AFB1抗体)修饰的金电极作为工作电极,利用纳米银良好的导电性实现较低的AFB1检出限。该免疫传感器在pH为7、温度为40℃、抗体与PBS体积比为1∶6000的最优条件下,无需添加信号放大物质,检出限最低可达到7.19×10~(-10 )μg·kg~(-1),检测范围为1.60×10~(-9)～1.68×10~(-5)μg·kg~(-1),孵育时间为30s,回归方程为y=1.3101ln(x)+30.817(R~2=0.9916),测得含有AFB1实际玉米样品的回收率为91.42～107.00%。结果表明,GO/Ag/AFB1抗体免疫传感器具有在无需添加信号放大物质的情况下操作简便、响应迅速、灵敏度高、检出限低等特点,有望应用于食品领域AFB1的实时检测。     

乌骨鸡肌肉中肌肽的鉴定与测定

肌肽是具有抗氧化、抗衰老等多种活性的功能性二肽. 建立了一种高效液相色谱测定鸡肌肉中肌肽的新方法, 该法采用NH2柱分离, 样品无需衍生, 操作简便. 通过该法和HPLC-MS 联用技术鉴定了乌骨鸡肌肉中存在肌肽, 同时比较乌骨鸡和普通白洛克鸡肌肉中肌肽的量. 结果表明: 该法适合于肌肉中肌肽的测定, 测定结果显示, 乌骨鸡肌肉中肌肽量约0.45%, 普通白洛克鸡肌肉中约0.22%. 乌骨鸡肌肉中肌肽量显著高于普通白洛克鸡, 这表明肌肽可能是体现乌骨鸡滋补营养作用的主要成分之一.     

青钱柳中多糖的测定

建立了一种测定青钱柳中多糖的方法. 青钱柳样经80%乙醇回流除去单糖、双糖、低聚糖、多酚、氨基酸等杂质后用水提取, 得青钱柳多糖, 其含量采用蒽酮-硫酸法比色测定, 用精制青钱柳多糖测得青钱柳多糖对葡萄糖的换算因子. 采用该方法测定简便可行, 供试液在8 h内显色稳定, 重现性较好, 平均回收率为100.8%, RSD为1.9% (n=3). 所测江西修水青钱柳中多糖含量为4.39%.     

Study of the electric capacitance spectra on symmetric quantum-dot pattern

We have calculated the ground-state energy of the symmetric quantum-dot pattern by the ab initio calculation method, i.e. unrestricted Hartree-Fock-Roothaan (UHFR) method based on the Gaussian basis, and studied their electric capacitance spectra, assuming each quantum dot of quantum-dot pattern to be confined in a three-dimensional spherical potential well of finite depth. For the systems in question, our results show that our method and theoretical model not only give the electric capacitance peaks similar to s-shell and p-shell atom-like quantum dot, but also show some new fine-structure of electric capacitance in the symmetric quantum-dot pattern system. This method might be a feasible tool to study few-electron problems on the symmetric quantum-dot pattern system.     

Contrast Adaptation Decreases Complexity in Retinal Ganglion Cell Spike Train

The difference in temporal structures of retinal ganglion cell spike trains between spontaneous activity and firing activity after contrast adaptation is investigated. The Lempel-Ziv complexity analysis reveals that the complexity of the neural spike train decreases after contrast adaptation. This implies that the behaviour of the neuron becomes ordered, which may carry relevant information about the external stimulus. Thus, during the neuron activity after contrast adaptation, external information could be encoded in forms of some certain patterns in the temporal structure of spike train that is significantly different, compared to that of the spike train during spontaneous activity, although the firing rates in spontaneous activity and firing activity after contrast adaptation are sometime similar.     

Experimental Study on Electrostatic with Two Guiding of Supersonic D20 Molecular Beam Charged Wires

We demonstrate the guiding of a supersonic heavy-water （D2O） molecular beam using a hollow electrostatic field generated by the combination of two parallel charged-wires and two grounded metal-plates, and report some new and preliminary experimental results. In the experiment, we detect the guiding signals by using the method of time-of-flight mass spectrum and study the dependence of the relative transmission of the beam guide on the guiding voltage. Our study shows that the relative transmission of the beam guide is increased linearly with increasing guiding voltage Vguid, and the number of the guided D20 molecules is at least increased by 89.4% when the guiding voltage is ＋20.0k V. Finally, some potential applications of our guiding scheme in the molecule optics are briefly discussed.     

双离子(40Ar+,C2H6+)辐照合成金刚石纳米晶颗粒

用双离子(40Ar+,C1H6+)辐照实验完成了从多壁碳纳米管向金刚石纳米晶颗粒的转变.对转变机理进行了初步探讨.这一探索有望能成为一种金刚石纳米晶合成的新途径.由此可知,多重荷能离子辐照用于其他材料纳米结构的制备也不是凭空设想.     

[Cu~ⅡEDTA]~(2-)与[Fe~Ⅱ(CN)_6]~(4-)反应产物的分子光谱研究

按1:1(摩尔比)混合[Cu EDTA]~(2-)和[Fe(CN)_6]~(4-)溶液(pH=8)时,得到一种深红棕色溶液。测定并讨论了此红棕色溶液的电予光谱和红外光谱,据此确定此溶液中生成了不太稳定的氰桥配合物——[EDTA Cu~Ⅱ—NC—Fe~Ⅱ(CN)_5]~(6-)。     

大气压等离子体射流重整CH4-CO2制合成气

采用大气压等离子体射流,以CH₄和CO^₂直接作为放电气体进行常压下重整制合成气的实验研究,考察了等离子体射流的放电特征及放电距离、放电功率、原料气配比和流量对反应的影响。结果表明,该等离子体具有放电稳定、均匀的特征。重整反应的主要产物为合成气,只有少量的H₂O和积炭生成。优化的反应条件为放电距离为9mm,CH₄和CO₂的摩尔比为4/6。当原料气流量为1000mL/min,放电功率为88.4W时,CH4和CO₂的最高转化率为分别为94.99%和87.23%。甲烷和二氧化碳的转化率随放电功率的增加而增加,随流量的增加而减少。