火炮立楔式炮闩抽筒系统的动态特性

针对火炮立楔式炮闩抽筒系统中的卡壳和构件动态断裂等抽筒故障,以动力学理论为基础,将其转化为系统动态特性的定量研究。分析了抽筒系统的工作机理并建立了连续接触动力学模型,定量地推导出药筒及系统内接触构件的运动规律和碰撞载荷。建立了杠杆式抽筒子在抽筒过程中的弹性波动模型,采用该模型能够定量地得出抽筒子的动应力分布和力学参数的影响。进行了理想抽筒工况下理论模型的数值计算和实体模型的仿真模拟,同组比较结果验证了定量分析模型的合理性。所建模型可为解决抽筒故障提供理论依据,也可为抽筒系统的动力学和结构优化设计作铺垫。     

液态锂回路的净化及在线检测系统

介绍了液态锂回路中的净化及在线检测装置。该装置采用了冷阱法和热阱法,使回路中产生的C、 O、N 和氢同位素等杂质降至10wppm 以下。目前,已经利用四电极测电阻法测量了放锂前后的电阻随温度的变化曲线,再经过多项式拟合,计算得到了纯锂的电阻率随温度变化的函数。     

铯原子汽室中光学厚度的实验测量与精确模拟EI北大核心CSCD

对铯原子汽室中不同能级和不同温度的原子在不同光强和不同偏振光作用下的光学厚度进行了实验测量。理论上通过建立每个塞曼子能级的速率方程,利用龙格-库塔算法求得了布居数随时间演化的数值解,从而得到了依赖于时间的吸收系数。考虑到原子热运动以及光束束宽对光学厚度的影响,利用数值积分得到了原子共振频率附近的平均吸收系数,进而利用比尔法对光通过铯原子汽室的透射曲线进行了精确的拟合,最终得到了实验系统中原子汽室光学厚度的精确值。理论分析和实验结果表明,随着温度的升高,光学厚度迅速增大;随着光强的增加,光学厚度略有变小。     

Improved performance of P3HT：PCBM solar cells by both anode modification and short-wavelength energy utilization using Tb（aca）3phen

The performance of P3HT:PCBM solar cells was improved by anode modification using spin-coated Tb(aca)3phen ultrathin films. The modification of the Tb(aca)3phen ultrathin film between the indium tin oxide(ITO) anode and the PEDOT:PSS layer resulted in a maximum power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 2.99% compared to 2.66% for the reference device, which was due to the increase in the short-circuit current density(Jsc). The PCE improvement could be attributed to the short-wavelength energy utilization and the optimized morphology of the active layers. Tb(aca)3phen with its strong down-conversion luminescence properties is suitable for the P3HT:PCBM blend active layer, and the absorption region of the ternary blend films is extended into the near ultraviolet region. Furthermore, the crystallization and the surface morphology of P3HT:PCBM films were improved with the Tb(aca)3phen ultrathin film. The ultraviolent–visible absorption spectra,atomic force microscope(AFM), and X-ray diffraction(XRD) of the films were investigated. Both anode modification and short-wavelength energy utilization using Tb(aca)3phen in P3HT:PCBM solar cells led to about a 12% PCE increase.     

一种基于对偶四元素描述的线面特征约束的点云配准方法

针对地面三维激光扫描仪采集到的相邻测站点云存在空间特征关联,以及城市建筑群中含有大量的线面特征,提出一种基于对偶四元素描述的线面特征约束的点云配准方法,该方法在利用对偶四元素统一描述空间变换参数的同时考虑到尺度因子。将依据直线和平面存在的几何关系,以及线面相交所产生的交点与夹角等作为配准约束条件,构建出空间相似变换目标函数,利用最小二乘准构建出平差模型以计算空间相似变换相关参数。为了避免不恰当的初始值所导致的迭代不收敛问题,将Levenberg-Marquardt法应用于平差模型的解算。最后对该方法的正确性与可行性进行实验分析。结果表明,相较于仅考虑线特征或面特征约束的点云配准方法,所提方法的配准精度更高,并且采用Levenberg-Marquardt法解算平差模型能在任意给定的初始值下正确收敛。     

Finite superconducting square wire-network based on two-dimensional crystalline Mo2C

Superconducting wire-networks are paradigms to study Cooper pairing issues, vortex dynamics and arrangements. Recently, emergent low-dimensional crystalline superconductors were reported in the minimal-disorder limit, providing novel platforms to reveal vortices-related physics. Study on superconducting loops with high-crystallinity is thus currently demanded. Here, we report fabrication and transport measurement of finite square-network based on two-dimensional crystalline superconductor Mo₂C. We observe oscillations in the resistance as a function of the magnetic flux through the loops. Resistance dips at both matching field and fractional fillings are revealed. Temperature and current evolutions are carried out in magnetoresistance to study vortex dynamics. The amplitude of oscillation is enhanced due to the interaction between thermally activated vortices and the currents induced in the loops. The driving current reduces the effective activation energy for vortex, giving rise to stronger vortex interaction. Moreover, by the thermally activated vortex creep model, we derive the effective potential barrier for vortex dissipation, which shows well-defined correspondence with structures in magnetoresistance. Our work shows that low-dimensional crystalline superconducting network based on Mo₂C possesses pronounced potential in studying the modulation of vortex arrangements and dynamics, paving the way for further investigations on crystalline superconducting network with various configurations.     

无线电发射装置的仿真与制作

介绍了无线电发射原理并研制一无线话筒。用Multisim软件对电路进行仿真模拟,将模拟与实践制作相结合,通过实验参数的调整,制作出一个简单发射装置。     

大学物理教学中量纲分析与应用

量纲分析是重要的半定量分析方法之一,在大学物理教学实践中,要培养和倡导学生在学习中灵活应用量纲分析解决问题,使教学更丰富和直观.本文介绍量纲分析的基本理论及怎样将量纲分析方法贯穿于教学中.     

非偏振贝塞尔高斯光束的球散射

无衍射光束球散射性质的研究目前一般采用贝塞尔光束,但是贝塞尔光束在物理上是不可实现的。贝塞尔高斯光束作为近似无衍射光束,是亥姆霍兹方程在傍轴条件下的解,并且可以用激光振荡器直接产生,但其光束宽是有限的。应用傅里叶变换,平面波谱展开和球面矢量波函数展开法,推导了非偏振贝塞尔高斯光束的球散射远场的无量纲散射函数。通过数值模拟,对非偏振的贝塞尔高斯光束与贝塞尔光束,高斯光束的球散射远场进行了比较,比较发现:当球散射体偏离光轴时,非偏振贝塞尔高斯光束跟贝塞尔光束散射远场的差异主要是散射强度的差异,但是散射极点所在的方向基本保持不变;贝塞尔高斯光束和贝塞尔光束的散射在光束圆锥角方向上比较显著,但高斯光束的前向散射比较显著。