溶剂萃取动力学的研究 II: 三辛基氧化膦从盐酸体系中萃取铀(IV)的速率

The kinetics of the oxtraction of U(IV) chloride in the TOPO-HCl system has been studied using the single drop technique, The effects of the concentrations of U(IV, TOPO and HCl on the extraction rate for U(IV) have been examined. The extraction rate measured were found to be of first order with respect to (U(IV)) and (TOPO) (0). Moreover, the rate varied with (HCl)^3^/^2 between 2-7M hydrochloric acid. The extraction rate equation can be written as R=K(U(IV))(TOPO)(0) The rate constant K was evaluated to be 3.7X10^-^5 at 3M HCl and 15`C. The extraction rate was increased with increasing temperature. The apparent activation energy was found to be 10.8 kcal/mol between 15 to 45`C. It is suggested that the rate-controlling step may be the chemical reaction of UCl4 with TOPO at the interface and the formation of the interfacial complex UCL4.TOPO.     

四价铀在硝酸介质中的氧化动力学研究

四价铀在硝酸介质中的氧化动力学研究周祖铭，章英杰，杜慧芳（复旦大学物理二系，上海，２００４３３）关键词四价铀，硝酸介质，氧化，动力学有关硝酸介质中铀（Ⅳ）的氧化行为已有不少研究［１，２］，但大多测定了含稳定剂──肼的硝酸铀（Ⅳ）溶液在空气中的氧化速率...