方环结构的宽频可调超材料滤波器

采用微控制电路加载技术控制超材料的等效介电常数和等效磁导率在不同时间的空间分布形式,实现空间滤波器中心频率的可调.设计了一种方环缝隙结构超材料滤波器,单元结构尺寸为18.5mm×18.5mm,通过在单元结构上加载变容二极管实现X波段内的连续可调.当变容二极管电容值从0.15pF增大到0.70pF时,仿真结果表明滤波器的中心频率从11.8GHz逐渐减小到10.5GHz,工作带宽为16.3%(10.2~12.0GHz),通带内的回波损耗最小值为22dB,插入损耗最大值为0.6dB.测试结果表明滤波器的中心频率从11.7GHz逐渐减小到10.3GHz,工作带宽为17.2%(10.1~12.0GHz),且通带内的回波损耗最小值为25dB,插入损耗最大值为0.5dB.     

基于提升小波变换的阈值改进去噪算法在紫外可见光谱中的研究

在紫外可见光谱定量分析中,由于分光光度计内部的光学系统、光源、检测器、电子元器件,电路设计以及外部环境干扰等因素产生的随机噪声,严重影响光谱定量分析结果的准确性,为提高紫外可见光谱分析精度,需要对光谱数据进行去噪预处理。由于小波分析具有多分辨率,低熵性、去相关性等特点,基于小波分析的去噪算法优于传统的去噪算法,目前基于小波去噪的方法主要有模极大值去噪算法,系数相关去噪算法,阈值去噪算法,工程实际应用以Donoho的阈值去噪法最为常用。根据Donoho阈值消噪原理,提出一种基于提升小波变换的阈值改进算法,一方面使用提升小波变换,提升小波变换是第二代小波变换,继承了小波的多分辨率特性,并且不需要进行傅里叶变换,从而具有算法简单,速度快,实现简单的优点;另一方面提出了一种新的阈值函数,克服了硬阈值函数在阈值处不连续以及软阈值函数存在恒定偏差的问题,同时对阈值估计进行了调整,有利于信号小波系数的保留和噪声小波系数的剔除。对三组多金属离子混合溶液的实测紫外可见光谱信号,添加随机噪声后使用该方法进行去噪处理,并使用信噪比(SNR)和均方根误差(RMSE)进行去噪性能评价。试验结果表明,提出的算法优于Donoho的软硬阈值去噪算法,能够有效提高光谱信噪比和降低均方根误差,从而更好地消除光谱信号中的噪声和保留光谱信号中一些重要的细节特征,比较适合用于紫外可见光谱数据建模之前的去噪预处理,在紫外可见光谱信号分析中具有较好的应用前景。     

Investigation of molecular penetration depth variation with SMBI fluxes

We study the molecular penetration depth variation with the SMBI fluxes.The molecular transport process and the penetration depth during SMBI with various injection velocities and densities are simulated and compared.It is found that the penetration depth of molecules strongly depends on the radial convective transport of SMBI and it increases with the increase of the injection velocity.The penetration depth does not vary much once the SMBI injection density is larger than a critical value due to the dramatic increase of the dissociation rate on the fueling path.An effective way to improve the SMBI penetration depth has been predicted,which is SMBI with a large radial injection velocity and a lower molecule injection density than the critical density.     

Pedestrian choice behavior analysis and simulation of vertical walking facilities in transfer station

Considering the interlayer height, luggage, the difference between queuing pedestrians, and walking speed, the pedestrian choice model of vertical walking facilities is established based on a support vector machine. This model is verified with the pedestrian flow data of Changchun light-rail transfer station and Beijing Xizhimen transfer station. Adding the pedestrian choice model of vertical walking facilities into the pedestrian simulation model which is based on cellular automata, the pedestrian choice behavior is simulated. In the simulation, the effects of the dynamic influence factors are analyzed. To reduce the conflicts between pedestrians in opposite directions, the layout of vertical walking facilities is improved. The simulations indicate that the improved layout of vertical walking facilities can improve the efficiency of pedestrians passing.     

斑马鱼胚胎在电离辐射生物学研究中的应用

斑马鱼胚胎最初为研究发育生物学与分子遗传学的重要模式动物,20 世纪90 年代关于斑马鱼胚胎研究的文章每年不足100 篇,到本世纪初期已上升到每年1 000 余篇,目前这个数字正呈指数增长,斑马鱼胚胎的研究范围与应用价值正也随之逐步提升。该文综述了斑马鱼胚胎在电离辐射研究领域中的应用,包括电离辐射诱导斑马鱼的毒性作用、电离辐射引起的DNA损伤及其信号转导机制,以及利用斑马鱼对辐射防护剂与增敏剂进行评价。在此基础上还特别介绍了中国科学院近代物理研究所利用斑马鱼胚胎在放射生物学研究上取得的进展,其中包括一种具有物理激发、化学刺激作用的线粒体内活性氧(ROS) 诱导剂,在非条件刺激下利用斑马鱼检测该物质的毒性,发现6 10 μL/mL 的该物质无胚胎发育毒性,然而,在一定波长的光刺激下可造成DNA双链断裂,在理论上是一种潜在的辐射增敏剂。Zebrafish embryo is a classic animal model to study developmental and molecular biology. The relatedworks using zebrafish embryo arise from less than 100 papers per year in 90 s to more than 1 000 papers per year at the beginning of 21st century. The research scope and application value of zebrafish embryo in biology studies are gradually extending, along with the exponential increase of related papers. Here, the applications of zebrafish embryo in the field of radiation biology are reviewed, including radiation-induced toxicity, signal transduction in response to radiation-induced DNA damage, and the assessment of radio-protection and radiosensitizers, respectively. The progress in radiation biology employing zebrafish embryo in Institute of Modern Physics has also been reported, includinga novel mitochondrial reactive oxygen species inducer, which can be triggered by exogenous physical signal and exert chemical stimulation. This inducer shows no obvious embryo toxicity to zebrafish under 10 μL/mL. It can induce DNA double strand breaks if activated by certain wavelength of lights. Itisa potential radiosensitizerin theory.     

原子与双模相干强场依赖强度耦合多光子过程中纠缠量度与制备

给出了依赖强度耦合双模多光子过程Jaynes-Cummings模型的有效哈密顿量.在强场条件下,分别用量子约化熵和量子相对熵研究了上述模型中原子与场之间的纠缠以及双模相干场的模间纠缠演化.研究表明,这两类纠缠演化均与原子跃迁时吸收(或发射)的光子数k密切相关.同时,还揭示了双光子过程(k=1)和多光子过程(k≥2)中不同的纠缠特性.讨论了纠缠态的制备,制备了与时间无关的原子-场的Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen态和双模相干场的模间纠缠态.     

Fast-Scale and Slow-Scale Subharmonic Oscillation of Valley Current-Mode Controlled Buck Converter

A valley current-mode （VCM） controfled buck converter with current source load （CSI） has complex phenomena of fast-scale and slow-scale subharmonic oscillations. The piecewise smooth switching model of the VCM controlled buck converter with CSI is established. It is found that attractive regions of fast-scale and slow-scale subharmonic oscillations exist in the bifurcation diagram, and two tori exist in the corresponding Poincare mapping. The research results by time-domain simulation indicate that U-type subharmonic oscillation （SO） constituted by SO and frequency-reduced subharmonic oscillation （FSO） exists in inductor current, and sine-type SO constituted by fast scale and low scale exists in output voltage respectively. Experimental results are given to verify the analysis and simulation results.     

DSM-LPDF两相湍流模型及旋流两相流动的模拟

本文由流体－颗粒速度的拉氏联合概率密度函数（ＰＤＦ）输运方程出发,用Ｓｉｍｏｎｉｎ建议的Ｌａｎｇｅｖｉｎ模型封闭颗粒所遇到流体瞬时速度的条件期望项,并用Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ方法直接求解 ＰＤＦ输运方程,将其和求解流体雷诺应力方程模型的有限差分方法结合,建立了雷诺应力－拉氏ＰＤＦ（ＤＳＭ－ＬＰＤＦ,简称ＤＬ）两相湍流模型．用此模型模拟了旋流数为０．４７的突扩旋流气粒两相流动,并与文献中ＰＤＰＡ实验和用类似于单相流动湍流模型封闭方法的时平均统一二阶矩（ＵＳＭ）模型的预报进行了对比．     

炉内两相流动和煤粉燃烧的双流体-轨道模型

本文首次用双流体一轨道（连续介质－轨道ＣＴ）模型对大尺寸四角喷燃炉内气粒两相流动及煤粉燃烧进行了模拟。该模型基于欧拉气相方程组、欧拉颗粒连续方程和动量方程以及拉氏颗粒能量和质量变化的方程,对各子模型用ｋ－ε－ｋｐ两相湍流模型,ＥＢＵ－Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ湍流燃烧模型,煤粉颗粒的水分蒸发,热解挥发和焦炭燃烧的扩散－动力模型,ＤＯ（离散坐标）辐射模型。采用了将坐标扭转一定角度的方法减小入口射流和网格斜交造成的伪扩散。编制了ＬＥＡＧＡＰ－ＦＵＲＮＡＣＥ－３程序,分别对冷态模型炉内两相流动和大尺寸炉内三维两相流动和煤粉燃烧进行了模拟,并与颗粒轨道（ＳＴ）模型的模拟结果进行了对照。采用ＰＤＰＡ对冷态模型炉内气粒两相流场进行了测量。冷态两相流动的模拟与实验结果的对比表明ＣＴ模型的模拟结果和实验符合较好,ＳＴ模型所得颗粒浓度分布和实验山入较大。热态模拟的结果给出了两相速度,气相温度,组分浓度和壁面热流分布。模拟结果定性合理。模拟结果显示在出口处由于气流旋转,有一局部高温区存在。     

银团簇结构与特性的分子动力学研究

用分子动力学方法模拟了银团簇的结构与力能学。计算模拟中使用了一种基于第一性原理的原子间互作用多体势函数。通过分子动力学模拟确定了银徽团簇（原子个数3－13）的稳态结构;模拟了原子个数为13－141的银FCC晶体结构理想球形团簇的力能学,发现球形银簇形成三维紧密结构;计算了平均结合能,给出了结合能随团簇原子数N的变化图,发现随N增大团簇结合能逐渐接近块材的数值。