A Pseudospectral Time—Domain Algorithm for Calculating the Band Structure of a Two—Dimensional Photonic Crystal

A pseudospectral time-domain (PSTD) method is developed for calculating the band structure of a two-dimensional photonic crystal.Maxwell‘s equations are rewritten in terms of period fields by using the Bloch theorem.Instead of spatial finite differences,the fast Fourier transform is used to calculate the spatial derivatives.To reach a similar accuracy,fewer sample points are required in the present PSTD method as compared to the conventional finite-difference time-domain methods.Our numerical simulation shows that the present PSTD method is an efficient and accurate method for calculating the band structure of a photonic crystal.     

Realization of the Fredkin Gate by Three transition Pulses in a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Quantum Information Processor

We have experimentally realized the Fredkin gate with only three transition pulses in a solution of alanine.It appears that no experimental realization of the Fredkin gate with fewer pulses has been reported yet.In addition,the simple structure of our scheme makes it easy to implement in experiments.     

Phase Dependence of the Inversionless Gain in a Λ System with Near—Degenerate Levels

Due to interaction with the vacuum of the radiation field,near-degenerate lower levels in a Λ system have an additional coherence term,the spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) term.For such a system,we investigate the effect of the relative phase between two coherent fields on the inversionless gain in the presence of the SGC.We find that the inversionless gain,which stems from both SGC and dynamically induced coherence,can be modulated by the relative phase.     

Weakly Two—Dimensional Solitary Waves on Coupled Nonlinear Transmission Lines

We study the nonlinear solitary wave solution under the transverse perturbations for a system of coupled nonlinear electrical transmission lines.In the continuum limit and suitably scaled coordinates,the voltage on the system is described by a modified Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation.The cut-off frequency of the growth rate for the solitary waves under transverse perturbations has been analytically obtained.It is in agreement with the cases P=1/2 and p=1 which have been studied previously.     

Fifth—Order Harmonic Generation using a Coherent Controlled Two—Pulsed Optical Field

We have experimentally studied the characteristics of fifth-order harmonic radiation produced by two coherent femtosecond laser pulses with a changeable relative phase.The intensities of harmonic generation are found to increase with the coherent degree.In one optical Period,the temporal variation of harmonics exhibits an asymmetric characteristic,which is interpreted in terms of ionization theory and the deformation of the wave packets of fundamental field contribution to harmonic generation.     

A Novel Contactless Method for Characterization of Semiconductors：Surface Electron Bean Induced Voltage in Scanning Electron Microscopy

We present a novel contactless and nondestructive method called the surface electron beam induced voltage (SEBIV) method for characterizing semiconductor materials and devices.The SEBIV method is based on the detection of the surface potential induced by electron beams of scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The core part of the SEBIV detection set-up is a circular metal detector placed above the sample surface.The capacitance between the circular detector and whole surface of the sample is estimated to be about 0.64pf.It is large enough for the detection of the induced surface potential.The irradiation mode of electron beam (e-beam) influences the signal generation When the e-beam irradiates on the surface of semiconductors continuously,a differential signal is obtained.The real distribution of surface potentials can be obtained when a pulsed e-beam with a fixed frequency is used for irradiation and a lock-in amplifier is employed for detection.The polarity of induced potential depends on the structure of potential barriers and surface states of samples.The contrast of SEBIV images in SEM changes with irradiation time and e-beam intensity.     

Effect of a Cr Underlayer on the Magnetic Properties of TbCo Amorphous FIlms with Perpendicular Anisotropy

The effect of the Cr underlayer on the magnetic properties of TbCo amorphous films with perpendicular anisotropy has been investigated.It was found that the Cr underlayer thickness can influence the coercivity of TbCo films.A coercivity as high as 6.3kOe was obtained in 120nm Tb31Co69 films with a 180nm Cr underlayer.This was only 4.4kOe for the same thickness Tb31 CO69 films without the Cr underlayer.Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy indicated that the TbCo film with the Cr underlayer consisted of a Column structure.It is considered that this heterogeneous structure gives rise to the coercity enhancement of TbCo films in the presence of the Cr underlayer.     

Modification of Absorption of a Bulk Material by Photonic Crystals

We show theoretically that it is possible to modify absorption of a bulk absorbing material by inserting another non-absorbing dielectric slab periodically to form one-dimensional photonic crystals.It is found that,for frequencies within photonic bandgaps,absorption is always suppressed.For frequencies located at photonic bands,absorption can be suppressed or enhanced,which depends on the relative values of the real refractive index of the absorbing and non-absorbing dielectric layers.     

^13C的一个可能的类晕的中子1p态

假设^13C是单粒子的2p态的结构，用Glauber多重散射理论研究了入射能量为1GeV的质子在^13C上的弹性散射，得到了与实验符合得很好的理论结果。这说明^13C可能存在着一个类晕的中子皮。     

Photoeletricity Capability of Imager Detector with Coated Blends of Polymer and Perylene or Coronene

Perylene and coronene have been synthesized with good yield via the Dields-Alder reaction.They have good photoluminescence properties and could transfer ultraviolet light to visible-loght.To find an easy way of making a better ultraviolet charge coupled device,we blended perylene or coronene with polymers.Then,these blends were analysed by the photoluminescence spectrum.The results indicate that the blends have larger fluorescence intensity than pure perylene or coronene.Through spreading these blends on image detectors,organic image detectors with good ultraviolet photoelectricity capability were prepared.