The ultrasonic transient field radiated by a normal shear wave probe

The ultrasonic transient field of horizontally polarized shear wave radiated by a 2/2 piezoelectric composite normal probe was analyzed. The analytic field solutions for two different surface force sources were deduced and the transient displacement field distribution on the central cross-section was plotted by numerical calculations. Direct wave and edge wave as well as head wave were observed distinctly in the plots. The experimental results of time domain waveform conformed with the theoretical predictions, which supported the theoretical and numerical results about the transient field of the transducer.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Objective evaluation of pronunciation of standard Chinese final based on formant pattern

A method used for objective evaluation of pronunciation of finals in standard Chinese is presented. The formant pattern of final is selected as the mam feature and an improved evaluation algorithm based on Support Vector Machine is proposed. In this algorithm, two-level classification strategy is employed. A full-classification model and a sub-classification model are trained for each final. The pronunciation quality is evaluated based on the classification results of this two-level strategy with scoring model of each final. The new evaluation method is compared with traditional methods such as Hidden Markov Model (HMM) posterior probability scoring method and feature of Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC), and the results show that the performance is effectively improved by the proposed method. The correlation of scores between human testers and machine has achieved 82%.     

On the Cramer-Rao bound of wideband direction of arrival estimation

The Cramer-Rao bound （CRB） for wideband direction of arrival （DOA） estimates of multi-source impinging on a randomly distributed array is derived. The computational expressions for the elements of Fisher information matrix in arbitrary array are provided also. The derived CRB can be divided into two terms, one depends on signals＇ characteristics and the other depends on array geometry, and so an insight into theoretical performance of DOA estimation can be provided. The first term of CRB shows that the DOA estimation performance not only depends on SNR but also the signal bandwidth and spectral density, thus it can be found that better DOA estimation can be obtained for signals with more high frequency energies. The second term of CRB shows that DOA estimates vary with different array geometries and source angles. These properties provide us some useful tip to design an efficient signal and array configuration. Simulation results confirmed the results mentioned above.     

A weighting orthogonal method for constant beamwidth beamforming matrices

A weighting orthogonal method for constant beamwidth beamforming matrices is proposed. This method multiplies weighting factors to each orthogonal beamforming matrix corresponding to different frequency bins. The method proposed doesn't cause waveform aberration, and doesn't cause additional loss of array signal-to-noise ratio when the sources have uniform spectrum. The waveform aberration and additional loss of array signal-to-noise ratio can not be avoided simultaneously by ordinary orthogonal method. So we can get good detection and estimation performances at the same time by the weightmg method. Simulation results and water tank experiments are presented to confirm the conclusion above.     

Detection of number of sources and DOA estimation based on the combined information processing of pressure and particle velocity using acoustic vector sensor array

In order to solve the problem of DOA(direction of arrival)estimation of underwater remote targets,a novel subspace-decomposition method based on the cross covariance matrix of the pressure and the particle velocity of acoustic vector sensor arrays(AVSA)was proposed. Whereafter,using spatio-temporal virtual tapped-delay-line,a new eigenvector-based criteria of detection of number of sources and of subspace partition is also presented.The theoretical analysis shows that the new source detection and direction finding method is different from existing AVSA based DOA estimation methods using particle velocity information of acoustic vector sensor(AVS)as an independent array element.It is entirely based on the combined information processing of pressure and particle velocity,has better estimation performance than existing methods in isotropic noise field.Computer simulations with data from lake trials demonstrate,the proposed method is effective and obviously outperforms existing methods in resolution and accuracy in the case of low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).     

科学技术期刊只有两个级别 ——“国家级”和“地方级”

国家科委和国家新闻出版署１９９１年第１２号令发布的《科学技术期刊管理办法》第六条说：“科学技术期刊,按其主管部门分为全国性期刊和地方性期刊。全国性期刊是指国务院所属各部门、中国科学院、各民主党派和全国性人民团体主管的期刊。地方性期刊是指省、自治区、直辖市各委、厅、局主管的期刊。”全国性期刊简称“国家级”,地方性期刊简称“地方级”。科学技术期刊只有这两个级别。有些单位在没有法律依据的条件下,将期刊划分为一级、二级、三级……,显然是不合理、不合法的。本刊是中国科学院主管的科学技术期刊,它与中国科学院…     

“中国化学会2000年学术会议通知” 及组会办法的通知

中国化学会 2 0 0 0年学术会议是在世纪之交举行的一次化学家盛会 ,将回顾本世纪的成就 ,研讨下一世纪化学的发展 ,交流研究成果 ,探讨学科发展的趋势。是本会十余年来 ,再次组织的化学领域的大会 ,为此希望通过学科、专业委员会、地方学会和有关媒体 ,宣传、组织好本次学术交流活动 ,有关事宜如下 :1　请各学科、专业委员会将所附通知 ,通过各种渠道 ,通知有关委员和相关领域的会员 ;号召他们踊跃投稿 ,参加会议。2　凡已在本年度组织有关学术活动的学科、专业委员会 ,请在审稿时 ,遴选出质量较好的论文 ,推荐参加本次大会。同时鼓励并落实…