聚苯基─1，2，4─三嗪超滤膜的研制

以聚苯基－１，２，４－三嗪（ＰＰＴ）为膜材料，用相转换法制备了一系列ＰＰＴ超滤膜，研究了膜对各种标准物质溶液的截留性能，热处理温度和时间对膜性能的影响；对膜的耐水解性进行了初步考察；并用扫描电镜观察了膜的不对称孔结构。     

POLYCAPROLACTAM MODIFIED BY POLYBENZIMIDAZOLE

Three polycaprolactam samples modified by 0.05—0.50% polybenzimidazole (PBI) by weight were prepared. Their structure and mechanical properties were characterized by means of FT-IR, SEM, DTA, density tensile, impact and viscoelastic method. PBI delayed the superimposed polymerization-crystallization process of the activated anionic polymerization of caprolactam. The monomer casting (MC) nylons modified by PBI had lower crystallinities, lower T_g and more nearly perfect spherulites than MC nylon itself, and showed a typical toughening effect.     

双(α-次甲基羰基)化合物氧化反应的研究

几种双(α-次甲基羰基)化合物分别用两种氧化体系DMSO和HBr或DMSO,HCI和KI,进行氧化,得到了相应的双(1,2-二羰基)化合物。对所得到的产物进行了元素分析、质谱和1~H核磁共振谱测定。实验结果表明氧化产物的产量高,操作简便,原料价廉,为大量制备这类化合物创造了条件。     

SYNTHESES AND PROPERTIES OF POLYPHENYL-1,2,4-TRIAZINES

A series of aromatic poly--1, 2, 4-triazines have been prepared. Experimental results showedthat these polymers exhibited good thermally oxidative stability as determined by isothermal agingat 30℃for 200 hours in air. After submerging the coated wire in boiling water for 240 hours nochange in electrical insulation was detected. Polymer films also showed good tensile strength (1050-1400 kg/cm~2) at room temperature. Therefore aromatic poly-1, 2, 4-triazines demonstrate highperformance showing good potential for use as functional and structural resins in the environmentsdemanding high thermal stability and hydrolytic stability.     

EFFECTS OF CHAIN STRUCTURE OF POLYPYRROLONES ON THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF PYROLYZED POLYPYRROLONES

Three kinds of polypyrrolones (PMDA-DAB, PMDA-TADPE and DEDA-DAB) werepyrolyzed at high temperature in order to study the effect of the chain structure of polypyrro-lones on the electrical properties of the pyrolyzed polymers. Results show that the num-ber of fusing rings in the main chain of polymers has a little effect on the pyrolysis pro-cess, whereas, the ether bond in the main chain plays an important role during pyrolysis.Structure characterizations by elemental analyis, XPS spectra, X-ray diffraction and SEMimages indicate that because the ether bond is easy to break, it is difficult to form largearea planar network. This hampers the formation of the graphite-like structure in thepolypyrrolones containing ether bond even after being pyrolyzed at 1200℃.     

1,4-双[4-(2-氨基-5-苯基)噻唑基]苯及其聚酰亚胺的合成及性能

以１ ,４ 双（ 苯乙酰基） 苯为原料,合成了新有机二胺化合物———１ ,４ 双［４ （２ 氨基 ５ 苯基） 噻唑基］ 苯,以此二胺或４ ,４’ 二氨基二苯醚和３ ,３’,４ ,４’ 二苯酮四酸二酐反应制备出新型的聚酰亚胺均聚物和共聚物,研究了它们的耐温性能,耐热氧化性能和共聚物经高温裂解后的导电性能等     

芳杂环化合物的质谱及其量子化学计算

本文提出呋喃甲醛、二甲基呋喃,噻吩甲醛,毗咯甲醛和呋喃丙烯酸的质谱断裂速率决定步骤的机理,采用CNDO/2方法计算了这些化合物的分子离子及其碎片的各种量子化学参量,定量地解释了它们的质谱峰高,从芳碳环共轭体系推广到芳杂环共轭体系。     

含亚联苯基PPQ超滤膜的研制

将含亚联苯基的聚苯基单醚喹啉（ＰＰＱ）制成超滤膜，研究了制膜液的热处理温度、时间和聚合物浓度对膜分离、透过性能的影响，对膜的耐热性和耐水解性进行了初步考察，并用扫描电镜观察了膜的不对称微孔结构，该膜具有优良的机械强度、纯水透过率、截留性能和耐热、耐水解性。     

聚苯基-1,3,5-三嗪的高温水解研究

对聚苯基-1,3,5-三嗪及其模型化合物在250℃/3.97MPa高温水中的水解行为进行了研究。聚苯基-1,3,5-三嗪的红外谱图在水解过程中基本保持不变,表明它是一种耐高温水解性能优良的高分子。高效液相色谱、高效毛细管泳色谱及液质联用分析表明,聚合物及其模型化合物的主要水解产物是由对称三嗪杂环被水解而生成的芳香酸,由些提出了它们的水解历程。通过对水解速控步骤活化能的量子化学计算,从理论上解释了这种高分子优良和耐高温水解特性。     

STUDY ON SYNTHESES AND PROPERTIES OF SOME NOVEL POLYIMIDES CONTAINING BISTHIAZOLE RINGS

Some nove polyimides containing bisthiazole rings were prepared by reacting 2,2'-diamino-4, 4'-bisthiazole (DABT) with different aromatic dianhydride. The polyimidesobtained had inherent viscosities of 0.37--0.82 dl/g. Thermogravimetric analysis of thepolyimides showed good thermal stability the temperature at 5% weight loss being from450°to 560℃. The permeability of two polymer membranes to H_2, O_2 and N_2 was deter-mined, respectively Three kinds of polyimide films were converted into electrical conductorby pyrolysis at high temperature in nitrogen atmosphere. The maximum room tempera-ture conductivity as high as 3.9×10~2 S/cm for PI film pyrolyzed at 1200℃ for 10min wasobtained, and it was very stable in air.