（4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯氧基）环三磷嗪添加剂对季戊四醇酯减摩抗磨作用的影响

合成了(4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)环三磷嗪，采用核磁共振氢谱(^1H NMR)和傅立叶转换红外光谱仪对其结构进行了表征，利用热重法分析了其热稳定性，在SRV型摩擦磨损试验机上评价了其作为季戊四醇酯添加剂对钢／钢体系的润滑作用，并采用扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪分析了其作用机理．结果表明，同另一种芳氧基磷嗪化合物X-1P相比，(4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)环三磷嗪作为高温润滑油添加剂表现出更好的摩擦学性能．就磷嗪衍生物添加剂而言，氟代芳氧基中的氟含量对摩擦学性能具有重要影响．在摩擦过程中，(4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)环三磷嗪与摩擦副表面发生了复杂的摩擦化学作用，在摩擦副表面形成了含Fe3(PO4)2及FeF2等物质的边界润滑膜，从而表现出减摩、抗磨和承载作用．     

BaTiO3铁电薄膜的原子层水平外延生长

利用激光分子束外延镀膜设备,实现了原子层水平BaTiO₃(BTO)薄膜的外延生长.高能电子衍射(RHEED)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等研究结果表明,薄膜的结构为c-取向单相BTO铁电薄膜,表面非常平整。在此基础上制备了铁电/超导多层异质结构.研究了BTO薄膜的铁电性质。结果表明用激光分子束外延方法有利于改进BTO薄膜的质量,提高薄膜器件的性能。     

光纤压力传感器的性能研究

利用自制的全光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪,对压力引起的光功率的变化进行了测量和分析,给出了该系统相干检测最佳工作范围是5~13N,灵敏度为-0.130 0μW/N.在不同温度变化范围内,随着压力的增加,光功率分别以0.223 4μW/N到0.482 3μW/N的变化率减小.     

一维单应矩阵的进一步研究与应用

一维(1D)标定具有抗遮挡和制作成本低等优点,是摄像机标定中的重要方法之一。首先,以1D单应矩阵为基础,给出了绕固定点运动1D标定方法的几何解释;其次,在小孔成像模型下,证明了摄影几何中的交比不变性与1D单应矩阵的等价性。相比于共线4点的交比不变性,1D单应矩阵约束更具有一般性。最后,针对基于平面运动的1D标定,由1D单应矩阵计算运动前后1D标定物延长线的交点,提出了一种简便的方法,将平面运动转化为绕固定点运动,并通过仿真和真实实验验证了算法的正确性。实验结果表明:与已有方法相比,本文算法的标定精度得到了显著提高。     

海豚声纳信号的脉冲分解及特征分析

提出一种海豚声纳目标探测脉冲串信号的脉冲分解方法,在此基础上对海豚声纳脉冲信号的特征进行了分析,其中包括脉冲宽度、脉冲间隔以及脉冲的时间分辨率和频率分辨率,并采用耳蜗滤波对海豚声纳脉冲串信号的时频特征进行了分析。分析结果表明,探测目标的过程中,根据目标距离的不同,海豚会自适应调节脉冲信号的发射频率和信号形式。     

PM567-Doped solid dye lasers based on PMMA

Polymers are a kind of attractive hosts for laser dyes due to their high transparency in both pumping and lasing ranges and superior optical homogeneity. In this paper solid dye samples based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) doped with different concentrations of 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 -pentamethyl-2, 6-diethylpyrromethene-BF$_{2 }$ (PM567) are prepared. The absorption, fluorescence and lasing spectra of the samples are obtained. Wide absorption and fluorescence bands are obtained and a red shift of the maxima of the lasing emission spectra is observed. With the second-harmonic generation of Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (532\,nm, $\sim $20\,ns) pumping the samples longitudinally, the slope efficiencies of the samples are obtained. There is an optimal dye concentration for the highest slope efficiency when the pumping energy is lower than some typical value ($\sim $250\,mJ), and the highest slope efficiency 35.6{\%} is obtained in the sample with a dye concentration of $2\times10^{ - 4}$\,mol/L. Pumping the samples at a rate of 10Hz with a pulse energy as high as 200\,mJ (the fluence is 0.2\,J/cm$^{2})$, the output energy drops to one-half of its initial value after approximate 15500 pulses and the normalized photostability is 5.17\,GJ/mol. A kind of solid dye laser which could have some applications is built.     

光场分层成像系统的重聚焦标定方法

为根据参数精确获取分层位置的重聚焦像,提出了基于阶梯尺的标定方法.用光场相机拍摄阶梯标尺,利用重聚焦技术获得图像序列,使用点锐度评价函数计算图像序列各刻度面最清晰图像,完成重聚焦参数的标定.对标定结果进行评价,采用刃边法计算重聚焦图像的高斯离焦参数,阶梯标尺比刻度标尺标定方法减小25%以上,可以有效提高光场相机重聚焦的准确度.进行分层成像实验,对比两种标定方法下的分层重聚焦图像,验证了阶梯标尺标定的重聚焦结果更清晰,适用于光场分层成像系统.     

SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF CARBON NANOTUBES

The distribution, morphology and structure of carbon nanotubes and buckyonions produced from an arc discharge were investigated by means of scanning electron mi-croscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, The nanotubes and nanoonions were found to be located mainly near the porous region of the core in the deposited rods and the transition region between the growth ring-shaped graphite sheets. The tube bundles grew freely from carbon particles. Apart from the straight-line tubes, curved and bent tubes were also found. Studies on the structure of them showed that the carbon atomic sheets in the nanotubes displayed a stepped bending. Transverse sectional study predicted a helical structure of the carbon atomic sheets. In addition, the relationship between the number of pentagonal rings and cone angle at the tips of the tubes, as well as the mechanism of the formation of the steplike structure, were discussed.     

C60单晶的汽相生长

报道使用Ｃ₆₀粉末，利用双炉装置，通过闭管汽相法生长Ｃ₆₀单晶的实验及结果。Ｃ₆₀单晶的质量很好，较大单晶的尺寸为０．５ｍｍ×０．６１ｍｍ×１．０ｍｍ。Ｘ射线衍射和电子衍射图的分析得到室温下Ｃ₆₀单晶为ｆｃｃ结构，确定了晶格常数，还进行了Ｒａｍａｎ光谱实验，实验结果表明，热、冷区温度及两者的温度差是影响大尺寸Ｃ₆₀单晶汽相生长的主要因素，对此进行了详细的讨论。 关键词：     

A DOUBLE-TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT TECHNIQUE FOR THE GROWTH OF PURE C60 SINGLE CRYSTALS FROM THE VAPOR PHASE

Pure C₆₀ single crystals were grown by a sublimation-condensation method in an evacuated dosed quartz tube situated in a double-temperature-gradient furnace. Large C₆₀ single crystals, up to a size of 0.6 mm×1.0 mm×2.0 mm with quite smooth and shiny faces, were obtained. X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction and X-ray morphology were carried out and showed that the quality of large C₆₀ single crystals grown by the double-temperature-gradient technique is excellent. In this paper the experimental results of the growth of large C₆₀ single crystals are reported and the morphological and structural characterizations are discussed in detail.