发展固态量子信息与计算的实验研究

量子计算与量子信息是21世纪基础和应用科学研究的一大挑战.要实现实用意义上的量子信息和量子计算,必须解决量子比特系统的可拓展性问题.基于现代半导体技术的固态量子系统,其应用和最终产业化的可行性较高.然而,固态量子体系受周边环境的影响比较严重,控制其退相干,维持其量子状态的难度更高.实验固态量子计算的研究是个新的领域,尚无实用的技术和方法. 文章介绍了中国科学院物理研究所固态量子信息和计算实验室近几年来新开辟的自旋、冷原子、量子点(包括原子空位)、功能氧化物和关联体系等固态量子信息的新载体和同量子计算与量子信息相关的科学与技术难题的实验研究.     

Theoretical Study on Equation of State of Porous Mo and Sn

We present a first-principles scheme to investigate the equation of state （EOS） of porous materials, based on our recently developed modified mean-field potential approach. By taking the effect of the structural parameters on the free energy into account, we calculate the total energy of materials with initial different densities and then study the EOS of porous Mo and Sn as a prototype. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data available, which demonstrates that our scheme is suitable for investigating EOS of porous materials over a wide r~nge of porosities and pressures.     

Experimental validation of domain-level gradient-based and hierarchical PCE-based routing and control in heterogeneous optical networks

A domain-level gradient-based routing （DLR） algorithm for heterogeneous optical networks with syn- chronous digital hierarchy and optical transport network domains is proposed and experimentally vali- dated. This algorithm classifies domains into groups with incremental levels on the basis of domain-level partitioning, and guides paths level by level along a gradient on the basis of interdomain routing tree evolution. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the hierarchical path computation element-based control architecture for connection provisioning. Testbeds with commercial and emulated nodes are es- tablished to verify the feasibility and performance of the algorithm. Experimental and emulation results show that DLR effectively performs in terms of network blocking probability, real time characteristics, and scalability.     

Li+掺杂浓度对Y2O3∶Eu3+发光影响的理论

在团簇近似的基础上,利用分子动力学和密度泛函计算相结合的手段,在Y2O3∶Eu3 中研究了随Li 掺杂浓度的变化,缺陷形成情况以及C2位处Y-O键长的变化对电子态密度的影响.结果表明,随着Li 掺杂浓度的增加,与C2格位相关团簇的Y-O键平均键长出现了增加-减小-增加的变化趋势,这可能是引起此类材料发光强度随Li 浓度出现类似变化的原因.     

一种多狭缝条纹变相管

设计了一种动态范围大、小型化条纹变相管,其时间分辨能力在2.6 ps左右,变相管的长度为196.532 mm,可以工作在单狭缝和多狭缝模式下,使得这种条纹变相管不但可以应用在激光核聚变、等粒子物理、激光技术、光生物、光化学等传统的超快诊断领域内,而且可以应用于海底探测以及空中预警等领域,可获得高速运动目标的三维空间+一维强度信息的探测.     

莴苣种子的生长与低温保存研究

文中主要介绍高原莴苣种子生长和低温保存时的相关性,为保护保存该种子提供理论和实验依据。种子在低温和适宜温度两种不同情况下培养,进行实验比较,得出低温预培养的种子对于低温保存无作用;快速降温下,DSC曲线出现两个波峰HTE和LTE,当温度低于LTE时,无种子发芽存活;慢速降温下,DSC曲线只有一个波峰HTE;随着温度降低,种子发芽率降低,当温度低于-40℃时,无种子存活。     

Optical switching based on the manipulation of microparticles in a colloidal liquid using strong scattering force

This paper demonstrates the realization of an optical switch by optically manipulating a large number of polystyrene spheres contained in a capillary.The strong scattering force exerted on polystyrene spheres with a large diameter of 4.3 μm is employed to realize the switching operation.A transparent window is opened for the signal light when the polystyrene spheres originally located at the beam centre are driven out of the beam region by the strong scattering force induced by the control light.The switching dynamics under different incident powers is investigated and compared with that observed in the optical switch based on the formation of optical matter.It is found that a large extinction ratio of ～ 30 dB and fast switching-on and switching-off times can be achieved in this type of switch.     

基于级联卷积神经网络的前列腺磁共振图像分类

针对深度学习训练成本高,以及基于磁共振图像的前列腺癌临床诊断需要大量医学常识且极为耗时的问题,本文提出了一种基于级联卷积神经网络（Convolutional Neural Network,CNN）和磁共振图像的前列腺癌（Prostate Cancer,PCa）自动分类诊断方法,该网络以Faster-RCNN作为前网络,对前列腺区域进行提取分割,用于排除前列腺附近组织器官的干扰;以基于ResNet改进的网络结构CNN40_bottleneck作为后网络,用于对前列腺区域病变进行分类.后网络由瓶颈结构串联组成,其中使用批量标准化（Batch Normalization,BN）、全局平均池化（Global Average Pooling,GAP）进行优化.实验结果证明,本文方法对前列腺癌诊断结果较好,而且缩减了训练时间和参数量,有效降低了训练成本.     

封面故事

在磁性马氏体结构相变研究中,元素替代是对材料相变温度调控的一个有效方法.替代过程中不同原子配置下的化学键合作用势必影响体系的相稳定性.因此,研究体系化学键强度的变化成为理解相变温度变化的有效途径.电子定域函数(ELF)可以反映不同原子成键时的电子对分布情况,而成为直观而定量地描述各类化学键成键状态及变化的有力     

电磁波在一维非均匀介质中的透射

推导了一维非均匀介质中透射电磁波的电场振幅与介质表面入射电磁波电场振幅之间的关系式 关键词：