基于红外隐身及多波段兼容隐身材料

随着探测系统的快速发展和探测精度的提高,隐身技术的需求日益迫切。由于传统的红外隐身材料面临着多途径目标探测的严峻挑战,因此开发既能满足红外隐身要求又能满足雷达隐身、可见光隐身、激光隐身要求的新型兼容隐身材料具有重要意义。红外隐身材料主要针对目标的红外辐射特征进行材料、结构设计,降低目标在背景中热红外辐射信号的突出性以及被热红外制导武器命中的概率。本综述概述了红外隐身及兼容材料的工作原理、制备方法及最新研究进展。首先介绍了最具有发展前景的红外隐身材料包括光子晶体、掺杂半导体、相变材料和纳米材料的结构特性、隐身机理和研究成果,重点关注了实现红外隐身的材料以及具体的隐身特性,讨论了红外兼容雷达、红外兼容可见光、红外兼容激光以及多波段兼容等材料的兼容隐身条件,并对其最新研究进展进行了系统的总结。最后,梳理了目前红外隐身材料以及各兼容材料所存在的不足及面临的困难,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

热活化延迟荧光蓝光小分子取代基效应的研究进展

近年来, 作为第三代有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diodes, OLED)发光材料的热活化延迟荧光(thermally activated delayed fluorescence, TADF)材料受到了学术界和产业界的广泛关注. TADF分子由于其单线态与三线态之间的能级差较小, 三线态激子可以被环境热活化而通过反系间窜越上转换至单线态, 理论上可实现100%的激子利用率, 从而使得OLED器件外量子效率显著提高. TADF材料被认为是突破高效稳定有机电致蓝光发射瓶颈的潜在解决方案. 一般, TADF分子为含有电子给体(donor, D)和电子受体(acceptor, A)的纯有机推拉电子体系. 通过改变给体单元和受体单元的结构、数量和取代基及其位置可以有效调节TADF分子的单线态-三线态能级差、前线轨道分布、聚集态结构、电致发光颜色及其性能. 同时取代基在调控给、受体单元的推拉电子能力及TADF材料的分子构型、聚集态结构和稳定性等物化特性方面扮演着非常重要的角色. 本综述分别对D-A型和多重共振型TADF蓝光分子的取代基效应进行了综述, 以期为高效稳定的蓝光TADF分子的设计合成提供有效借鉴.     

Phase Transition and Critical Phenomenon Occurring in Granular Matter

We investigate the granular flow states in a channel with bottleneck by molecular dynamics simulations.Our study is restricted only on a selected key area rather than on the whole system to focus on the flow properties of a single granular state.A random force field is introduced to control the granular temperature.It is also pointed out that the flow rate in the granular flow can be correlated with the pressure,which leads us to carry out a comprehensive study similar to the classical study for general liquid-gas phase transition.Our results show that the dilute flow state and the dense flow state of the granules are similar to the gas state and the liquid state of general substances,respectively,and the properties of phase transition and critical phenomenon are also similar to those occurring in general substances.     

HL-2A 装置超声分子束注入缓解偏滤器靶板上边缘局域模热通量研究

在HL-2A 装置上优化和发展了偏滤器靶板上的红外测温系统,并利用该系统分析了高约束模放电期间边缘局域模的热沉积分布特性。在高约束模式放电期间,超声分子束注入使边缘局域模所引起的偏滤器靶板上瞬间热通量峰值下降了~60%,并伴随着边缘局域模爆发频率增加了2~3 倍,而等离子体储能仅下降了~8%。分析结果表明,大幅度的丝状结构在超声分子束注入之后得到了有效抑制,沉积到偏滤器靶板上的瞬间热通量峰值也随之下降。此外,在超声分子束注入之后偏滤器室内的热辐射损失大幅度增加,从而耗散了热输运所携带的部分能量,进一步分散了沉积到偏滤器靶板上的能量,有效地保护了偏滤器靶板。     

Diode-pumped self-Q-switched Cr,Nd:YAG laser with 7-W average output power

We report a diode-pumped self-Q-switched 1064-nm Cr,Nd：YAG of 16-18 ns. The maximum average output power up to 7 W, 3370, is obtained in a simple and compact linear cavity by using transmittance of 1570. The laser operates at TEM00 mode with a laser with pulse duration in the range corresponding to a slope efficiency of a plane-concave output coupler with a pump power of 14.2 W.     

In-Situ Characterization of Three-Dimensional Optical Matters by Light Diffraction

Three-dimensional optical matters are created by combining the single beam optical trapping with the conventional Z-scan technique. Dynamic light diffraction is employed to evaluate the structure and quality of the optical matter formed at the optimum trapping power. The lattice constant of the optical matter is extracted based on the Bragg and Snell laws, showing that polystyrene spheres are nearly close-packed in the optical matter, confirmed by comparing the diffraction pattern of the optical matter with that of a colloidal photonic crystal fabricated by the self-assembled technique. The relatively broad diffraction peaks observed in the optical matter indicate that the density of disorders in it is higher than that in the photonic crystal. It is suggested that the optical matter possesses a random close-packed structure rather than a face centered cubic one.Three-dimensional optical matters are created by combining the single beam optical trapping with the conven- tional Z-scan technique. Dynamic light diffraction is employed to evaluate the structure and quality of the optical matter formed at the optimum trapping power. The lattice constant of the optical matter is extracted based on the Bragg and Snell laws, showing that polystyrene spheres are nearly close-packed in the optical matter, confirmed by comparing the diffraction pattern of the optical matter with that of a colloidal photonic crystal fabricated by the self-assembled technique. The relatively broad diffraction peaks observed in the optical matter indicate that the density of disorders in it is higher than that in the photonic crystal. It is suggested that the optical matter possesses a random close-packed structure rather than a face centered cubic one.     

Heat Transport of Non-Local Effect with Modulated SMBI on HL-2A

Modulated supersonic molecular beam （SMB） injection is introduced to study transport features of non-local transport phenomenon on HL-2A. Repetitive non-local effect induced by modulated SMBI allows Fourier trans-formation of the temperature perturbation, yielding detailed investigation of the pulse propagation. Fourier analysis provides evidence for existence of internal transport barriers. Meanwhile, experimental progress of nonlocal effect was made in the HL-2A Tokamak in 200Z The core electron temperature Te rise increases from 18% to more than 40% and the duration of the Te rise could be prolonged by changing the conditions of SMB injection.     

PC/EAA共混体系在加工过程中的反应

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和核磁共振氢谱法(1H-NMR)研究了不同聚碳酸酯(PC)/乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)共混体系在加工过程中的大分子反应,考察了有机金属催化剂二丁基锡DBTO)含量和反应时间对体系的影响.采用哈克(Haake)转矩流变仪的混合器作反应釜,索氏抽提器分离产物.结果表明,PC和EAA在加工中反应剧烈,在共混体系的界面原位形成接枝或交联的PC-EAA共聚物,随催化剂用量增大、反应时间延长易生成共交联的PC-EAA共聚物.但混合时间过长,体系的断链反应会加剧,生成产物不稳定.     

THE OPPENHEIM-TYPE INEQUALITIES FOR THE HADAMARD PRODUCT OF M-MATRIX AND POSITIVE DEFINITE MATRIX

For the lower bound about the determinant of Hadamard product of A and B, where A is a n x n real positive definite matrix and B is a n x n M-matrix, Jianzhou Liu [SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl., 18(2)(1997).. 305-311] obtained the estimated inequality as follows     

10-甲基吖啶盐与活泼金属在固相研磨条件下的新颖反应研究

在固相研磨条件下, 10-甲基吖啶碘盐与碱金属Li, Na和K反应生成9,10-二氢-10-甲基吖啶(AcrH2)和10-甲基-9-吖啶酮(Acr＝O), 产率比较高. 这些反应是通过金属将电子转移给10-甲基吖啶碘盐而得以发生的.