X箍缩三维数值模拟

利用FOI-PERFECT程序对X箍缩进行了3D数值模拟研究,给出了X箍缩的物理图像和动力学过程,探讨了Z箍缩中出现磁重联的可能性,并指出如果双丝Z箍缩中能够出现磁重联,那么X箍缩是更有利于磁重联出现的位形,并且,X箍缩中出现多重X射线暴的一个可能原因是z轴上多个位置出现磁重联。     

First-Principles Calculation for the Electron-Phonon Coupling Constant of Superconducting MgB2

We use a first-principles plane wave method with the new relativistic analytic pseudopotential of the Hartwigsen,Goedecker and Hurter (HGH) scheme and the pseudopotential of the Troullier-Martins scheme to calculate the eleetron-phonon coupling constant λ of superconducting MgB2. The calculated results show that there is a peak at about 300-350cm^-1 in the eleetron-phonon spectral functional α2F(ω), duo to the coupling of the electrons to the acoustic phonon, and the relativistic effect appears in the high frequencies zone. All the results agree well with the present and previous experimental data,     

扭秤周期法测量万有引力常数G

在华中理工大学引力实验中心的山洞实验室进行了扭秤周期法测量万有引力常数G的实验 .初步的实验结果为G =( 6 .6 6 90± 0 .0 0 1 6 )× 1 0 ^-11m³ ·kg^-1·s^-2 ,其相对精度为 240× 1 0 ^-6.这一结果在3σ范围内与1986年Cohen和Taylor给出的平均值相吻合 .     

平行双射流场纳米颗粒的形成与凝聚的研究

对平行双射流中H2SO4蒸气扩散进行了大涡模拟,给出了硫酸/水系统成核生成纳米颗粒及颗粒的凝聚过程中颗粒的分布特性,分析了燃料中硫的浓度、环境相对湿度以及射流Reynolds数对于颗粒浓度和粒径分布的影响．结果表明,硫酸/水系统会成核生成大量的纳米颗粒,在双管射流的中间和射流场周围,颗粒具有较高的浓度;颗粒的凝聚过程使颗粒的数量减少、直径变大;随着硫的浓度的增加,流场中的颗粒浓度有明显增加,而成核后形成的颗粒直径减小;环境湿度和Reynolds数的增大,有利于成核过程,因而导致形成更多的颗粒．     

Characteristics of Flow around an Impulsively Rotating Square Cylinder via LB-DF/FD Method

Flow around an impulsively rotating square cylinder in a viscous fluid in range of 1 ≤ Re ≤ 300 is numerically investigated by the previously developed LB-DF/FD method, which combines the lattilce Boltzmann method （LBM） and direct-forcing fictitious domain （DF/FD） scheme. Results show that in total three kinds of transient characteristics depending on Re are observed： 1 ≤ Re ≤ 20, four vortices arising from the corners of the square cylinder separate from the surfaces and gradually become stable without vortex integration or shedding; 20 ≤ Re 〈 100, vortices integration is observed when they grow long enough, then separated from each other; Re ≥ 100, vortex shedding takes place in this regime. The shedding vortex joins the downstream vortex to form a new one. It is also found that vortex shedding happens more than one time when Re ≥ 160. Furthermore, each vortex shedding induces a fluctuation in the torque exerted on the cylinder.     

斜入射脉冲X射线产生电流实验

针对斜入射脉冲X射线与金属的几种可能相互作用机制,设计了实验布局,测量了斜入射X射线在金属靶上产生的脉冲电流,建立了相应的理论模型。结果显示,当X射线入射强度低于105 W/cm2时,以光电效应为主,高于此值时,以热电效应为主导。这表明,X射线加载强度较弱时,电子表现出个体行为,而增大X射线入射强度,电子表现出弱关联集体行为。由此可以预测,超强X射线辐照下,金属表面将出现宏观尺度的电荷密度调制,在退激发过程中,这种调制状态可能以较高的效率辐射定向的微波电磁脉冲。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体-质谱法测定黑木耳中铅、镉、砷、铜、锌和铬

建立了微波消解法前处理,电感耦合等离子体-质谱法(ICP-MS)快速测定黑木耳中Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd、Cr、As等重金属元素的方法.该法采用内标法校正监测和校正信号的短期和长期漂移,提高仪器的稳定性,改善测定的精密度,校正一般样品的基体影响,建立了测定208pb、114Cd、75As的干扰方程以消除同质异位素重叠和多原子粒子的干扰.该方法能准确测定大米粉标准物质(GBW 10010)和茶叶标准物质(GBW 10016)中Pb、Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu、As的含量,黑木耳样品的加标回收率为94.0％-107.3％,RSD为2.5％-5.2％.     

Radiation characteristics and implosion dynamics of tungsten wire array Z-pinches on the YANG accelerator

We investigated the radiation characteristics and implosion dynamics of low-wire-number cylindrical tungsten wire array Z-pinches on the YANG accelerator with a peak current 0.8-1.1 MA and a rising time ～ 90 ns.The arrays are made up of(8-32)×5 μm wires 6/10 mm in diameter and 15 mm in height.The highest X-ray power obtained in the experiments was about 0.37 TW with the total radiation energy ～ 13 kJ and the energy conversion efficiency ～ 9%(24×5 μm wires,6 mm in diameter).Most of the X-ray emissions from tungsten Z-pinch plasmas were distributed in the spectral band of 100-600 eV,peaked at 250 and 375 eV.The dominant wavelengths of the wire ablation and the magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability were found and analyzed through measuring the time-gated self-emission and laser interferometric images.Through analyzing the implosion trajectories obtained by an optical streak camera,the run-in velocities of the Z-pinch plasmas at the end of the implosion phase were determined to be about(1.3-2.1)×10 7 cm/s.     

无电刷法拉第模型电动机的动力学原理

法拉第电动机使用电刷改变流经转子线圈中电流的方向,若无电刷的情况下法拉第电动机似乎不能维持转动.事实上无电刷法拉第模型电动机在人为给转子线圈初始角动量的情况下却可以不停地转动.提出了转子线圈转轴跳动假设,给出无电刷法拉第模型电动机转动的动力学解释,并得到实验验证.     

高效液相色谱法测定废水中水杨酸及相关物质的含量

采用高效液相色谱法，在苯基柱上，以甲醇-水-磷酸(40：60：1，V／V／V)溶液为流动相，285nm检测，测定了废水中水杨酸及相关物苯酚、对羟基苯甲酸和对羟基间苯二甲酸的含量。该方法简便、快速，用于实际样品测定，获得满意的结果。