对称三值代数系统

本文对对称三值格代数与对称三值模代数进行了讨论,提出了任意对称三值函数的格代数规范展开和模代数的一般化展开、最后讨论两种代数之i可的关系,并求出函数展开式系数之间的转换矩阵.     

慢正电子的应用

表面分析慢正电子近年来大量应用于表面分析,尤其研究接近表面几十到几千埃层内结构状态。当慢正电子入射到金属,受到声子和等离激元(Plasmon)散射很快损失能量,其中一些慢正电子同金属晶体中的电子发生湮没,大部分慢正电子扩散到表面不断热化,接近表面遇到表面偶极层.     

光纤共振拉曼光谱法痕量分析研究

在液芯光纤内产生共振拉曼效应,可以提高拉曼光谱强度１０＾９倍。样品（被测物）的浓度、模吸收系数、光散射系数和模耦合系数决定光纤最佳长度。该技术分子光谱研究提供了一种新实验方法,在痕量分析、液体中少量分子相互作用研究等方面有很大的应用潜力。低浓度的β－胡萝卜素（β－ｃａｒｏｔｅｎｅ）在ＣＳ２中和Ｉ２在ＣＳ２中的拉曼光谱被得到,其浓度分别是１×１０＾－１３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１×１０＾－１４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

Excitonic Coupling between B and Q Transitions in Porphyrin Aggregates

The properties of meso-tetraphenylporphine （TPP） aggregates formed in acidic aqueous-organic solutions are investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy. According to the absorption spectra, the Q band absorption of the aggregated TPP shows red shift and intensity enhancement, and a model that includes the participation of water molecules in a porphyrin aggregation complex is proposed, then a qualitative explanation based on Gouterman＇s excition coupling theory is presented. Calculations including eigenenergies, eigenstates and the transition dipole strength of the coupled states are carried out.     

CS2中对苯醌n-π*单-三态跃迁的可见吸收光谱及其共振拉曼光谱

测量了对苯醌(p-benzoquinone,PBQ)在CS2中的可见吸收光谱,论证了该实验中发现的507 nm带来源于PBQ的n-π*单-三态跃迁.基于液芯光纤内共振拉曼散射可以提高拉曼光谱强度109倍这一技术,在10-3～10-6 mol·L-1的浓度范围首次探测到514.5 nm激光激发该跃迁而产生的共振拉曼光谱(1 439cm-1).分析认为该谱线来源于PBQ的n-π*单-三态跃迁的羰基伸缩振动(v c-o).实验发现,随着PBQ溶液浓度的降低,该谱线的拉曼频移发生蓝移.文章的研究结果将有助于理解PBQ电子结构与其光物理特性的相互关系,便于获得更丰富的分子结构信息.     

液芯光纤光谱仪

液芯光纤可以使拉曼光谱强度提高103倍。将液芯光纤既作为样品池又作为前置放大系统,研制成功了体积小、重量轻、成本低、灵敏度高的小型拉曼光谱仪。结果表明:通过对液体及溶在液体中的样品进行自发拉曼光谱、共振拉曼光谱的测量,获得了理想的拉曼光谱。     

The effect of anti-hydrogen bond on Fermi resonance: A Raman spectroscopic study of the Fermi doublet ν1—ν12 of liquid pyridine

The effects of anti-hydrogen bond on the ν₁—ν₁₂ Fermi resonance (FR) of pyridine are experimentally investigated by using Raman scattering spectroscopy. Three systems, pyridine/water, pyridine/formamide, pyridine/carbon tetrachloride, provide varying degrees of strength for the diluent-pyridine anti-hydrogen bond complex. Water forms a stronger anti-hydrogen bond with pyridine than with formamide, and in the case of adding non-polar solvent carbon tetrachloride, which is neither a hydrogen bond donor nor an acceptor and incapable of forming hydrogen bond with pyridine, the intermolecular distance of pyridine will increase and the interaction of pyridine molecules will reduce. The dilution studies are performed on the three systems. Comparing with the values of Fermi coupling coefficient W of the ring breathing mode ν ₁ and triangle mode ν ₁₂ of pyridine at different volume concentrations, which are calculated according to the Bertran equations, in three systems, we find that the solution with the strongest anti-hydrogen bond, water, shows the fastest change in the ν₁—ν₁₂ Fermi coupling coefficient W with the volume concentration varying, followed by the formamide and carbon tetrachloride solutions. These results suggest that the stronger anti-hydrogen bond-forming effect will cause a greater reduction in the strength of the ν₁—ν₁₂ FR of pyridine. According to the mechanism of the formation of anti-hydrogen bond in the complexes and the FR theory, a qualitative explanation for the anti-hydrogen bond effect in reducing the strength of the ν₁—ν₁₂ FR of pyridine is given.     

外场对π电子能隙调制C==C，C-C伸缩振动的影响

共振拉曼光谱是研究线性多烯分子的主要分子光谱技术。该技术完美地表征了π电子能隙对C==C,C-C伸缩振动的调制规律。这种调制是通过电子-声子耦合完成的。改变外界环境,能隙调制作用将受到影响。测量了溶剂中β-胡萝卜素分子在温度、压力、溶剂效应、相变等不同环境影响下的吸收光谱、共振拉曼光谱,研究了不同外场对π电子能隙调制C==C,C-C伸缩振动的影响机理及规律。结果表明,在外场影响下,体系的能量降低,π电子能隙(π-π*)减小会使调制增强。即电子-声子耦合增强,使拉曼强度增加,谱线红移。对理解共振拉曼物理过程,认识线性多烯分子的结构,性能有重要意义,对研制优质光电器件也有参考价值。     

受污染混沌信号的协同滤波降噪

根据混沌吸引子的自相似分形特性,提出了一种利用协同滤波重构受污染混沌信号的降噪算法.所设计的降噪算法通过对相似片段的分组将一维混沌信号的降噪转化为一个二维联合滤波问题;然后,在二维变换域用阈值法衰减噪声;最后,通过反变换获得原始信号的估计.由于分组中的相似片段具有良好的相关性,与直接在一维变换域做阈值降噪相比,分组的二维变换能获得原信号更稀疏的表示,更好地抑制噪声.仿真结果表明,该算法对原始混沌信号的重构精度和信噪比的提升都优于小波阈值、局部曲线拟合等现有的混沌信号降噪方法,对相图的还原质量也更好.     

火炮立楔式炮闩抽筒系统的动态特性

针对火炮立楔式炮闩抽筒系统中的卡壳和构件动态断裂等抽筒故障,以动力学理论为基础,将其转化为系统动态特性的定量研究。分析了抽筒系统的工作机理并建立了连续接触动力学模型,定量地推导出药筒及系统内接触构件的运动规律和碰撞载荷。建立了杠杆式抽筒子在抽筒过程中的弹性波动模型,采用该模型能够定量地得出抽筒子的动应力分布和力学参数的影响。进行了理想抽筒工况下理论模型的数值计算和实体模型的仿真模拟,同组比较结果验证了定量分析模型的合理性。所建模型可为解决抽筒故障提供理论依据,也可为抽筒系统的动力学和结构优化设计作铺垫。