紫外分光光度法检测溶氧对bFGF发酵的影响

探索溶氧对碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic Fibroblast growth factor,bFGF)发酵过程的影响及其控制方法.采用补料分批发酵,在不同溶氧控制方式下,紫外分光光度法测定bFGF蛋白质浓度和发酵液中菌体的产量,考察发酵过程中溶氧对bFGF表达的影响.结果表明控制溶氧为50％,30L罐发酵20h,产菌达34.54g/L,bFGF为18mg/L,与其他溶氧组比较产量显著增高,由此建立了最佳溶氧条件.溶氧对bFGF发酵表达有重要影响,优化溶氧条件有利于改进生产工艺从而节约成本和提高产量.     

Design and performance study of the LEPD silicon tracker onboard the CSES satellite

The low energy particle detector (LEPD) is one of the main payloads onboard the China seismic electromagnetic satellite (CSES). The detector is designed to ascertain space electrons (0.1-10 MeV) and protons (2-50 MeV). It has the capability of identifying the electrons and protons, to measure the energy spectrum and the incident angle of the particles. The LEPD is made up of a silicon tracker system, a CsI (Tl) mini-calorimeter, an anti-coincidence system made by plastic scintillator, as well as electronics and a data acquisition system (DAQ). The tracker is also a kind of E-E telescope; it consists of two layers of double-sided silicon strip detectors (DSSD). The signals emerging from the silicon tracker can be read out by two pieces of application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which also can generate an event trigger for the LEPD. The functions of the DSSD system in the LEPD for charged particles were tested by 241Am @5.486 MeV α particles. The results show that the DSSD system works well, and has high performance to detect charged particles and measure the position of incident particles.     

A geometric factor calculation method based on the isotropic flux assumption

One of the instruments onboard the China Seismic Electromagnetic Satellite （CSES） is the Low Energy Particle Detector （LEPD）. The primary objective of LEPD is to provide measurements of the fluxes, energy spectra and pitch angles of 100 keV to 10 MeV electrons and protons from 2 to 50 MeV in the Earth＇s magnetosphere. The geometric factor is one of the principle parameters of a detector, which converts the physical quantity-count rate to the particle quantity-flux. In this paper, we calculated the geometric factor of LEPD via computer modeling of an isotropic radiation environment. It was first demonstrated that the radiation intensity related should obey a cosine-law, then a general sampling method of generating this distribution via GPS of GEANT4 was explained. Furthermore, combined with flux normalization, a comparison of the geometric factor calculation of a set of 2-layer detectors with different shapes （cylinder, truncated cone and rectangle） was performed. Results show a generally good agreement between simulation and analytical calculations for the cylinder and truncated cone detectors, and the result of the rectangular one, for which there is no accurate analytical formula, is consistent with the previous simulated results by others. As a practical instance of the 2-layer rectangle detector, the geometric factor of LEPD is 10.336±0.036 m cm2·sr for 10 MeV proton and 8.211±0.032 m cm2·sr for 8 MeV electron.     

用电势分析法解一段含源电路和复杂电路

在高中物理电路问题的教学中,经常用部分电路欧姆定律和全电路欧姆定律配合求解简单电路问题,但在求解一段含源电路和复杂电路问题时,采用这种方法往往无能为力。笔者在教学中尝试引入求解这类问题的有效方法——电势分析法,从而解决了上述困难,提高了学生对电路规律的认识.     

重复频率电磁脉冲对氢闸流管栅极的触发干扰

针对重复频率电磁脉冲（EMP）干扰,以氢闸流管的栅极触发电路为研究对象,进行了氢闸流管悬置与共地两种不同的条件下氢闸流管第一栅极与第二栅极的电磁干扰研究。结果表明,两种条件下两个栅极均存在较强烈的电磁干扰,干扰主要来源于空间电磁辐射与共地耦合两个方面;针对重复频率EMP环境下氢闸流管触发的可靠性,分别进行了不同重复频率EMP数量与不同重复频率EMP时间间隔下氢闸流管的输出实验。结果表明,两种情况均对氢闸流管的触发产生影响,重复频率EMP数量增多与间隔减小均使氢闸流管误触发的可能性增大,对比理论分析与实验结果,认为该现象是由于重复频率EMP累积效应与重复频率EMP高频分量增强从而导致交互作用耦合增强所引起。     

新型被动在轨非连接支撑研究现状

支撑结构是低温贮箱及飞行器杜瓦瓶的关键部件,对低温燃料液体的承装及其漏热有重要影响。文中阐述了低温绝热支撑近几年的研究进展,针对新型被动在轨非连接支撑(简称PODS),就其结构、材料及其他相关问题进行了分析。随着新型被动在轨非连接支撑研究的深入,其在空间及工业低温贮箱领域将会获得广泛应用。     

高应力高水压下砂岩三轴蠕变特性试验研究

对砂岩进行高围压高水压条件下的三轴压缩蠕变试验。试验表明,在整个加载过程中,孔隙水压力主要起到增强轴向变形和横向变形的作用;但在加载的初始阶段,孔隙水压力在一定程度上抑制了轴向变形。当应力水平高于屈服应力时,横向蠕变速率明显大于轴向蠕变速率,且横向蠕变率先进入加速蠕变阶段。本文提出一个新的非线性黏性元件,并引入一个能判断是否进入加速蠕变阶段的计时器元件,组建一个非线性黏塑性加速蠕变启动模型,将该黏塑性模型与Burgers模型串联,构建一个新的非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型,推导了该模型在常规三轴应力状态下的本构方程。基于试验结果,通过对非线性优化算法(BFGS)的Matlab编程,实现对本文提出蠕变模型的参数识别,识别效果比较理想。对比试验曲线与拟合曲线,二者相当吻合,验证了新提出的非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型的正确性。     

In-Band Pumped High Power Ho：YAG Ceramic Laser by a Tm：YLF Laser

High-power 2 μm lasers are promising candidates for a variety of applications including remote sens- ing, wind lidar, and medicine as well as mid- infrared generation via pumping of optical parametric oscillators. Due to the advantages of low quantum defects and high efficiency, resonantly pumped Ho- doped lasers have attracted great attention. Ho：YAG single crystals have also been widely studied to ob- tain cw and Q-switched laser operation in the 2 μm wavelengths range.     

Measuring Carrier-Envelope Phase of Few-Cycle Laser Pulses Using High-Order Above-Threshold Ionization Photoelectrons

We experimentally demonstrate the measurement of carrier-envelope phase of few-cycle laser pulses. We have built a stereo above-threshold ionization setup. The photoelectron energy spectra of high-order above-threshold ionization are measured in both the left and right directions in the linearly polarized laser fields. It is shown that the left-right asymmetry of the spectra is dependent on carrier-envelope phase of few-cycle laser pulses. Two asymmetry parameters from the low-energy and high-energy regions at the above-threshold ionization plateau map a phase ellipse, in which the points indicate the absolute value of carrier-envelope phase. We have calibrated the phase ellipse by comparison with the semiclassical calculation. This setup allows us to determine the value of the absolute phase of few-cycle laser pulses.     

高温高压下NaCl-CaCl_2-H_2O体系Raman光谱的定量研究（英文）

三元体系NaCl-CaCl2-H2O是一种重要的天然水-盐体系。然而,研究人员在过去只研究了低温下该体系的相变,但在高温高压条件下拉曼位移和物理参数之间的定量关系却并没有被报道。利用利用热液金刚石压腔(HDAC)和石英压标,对高温高压下三元体系NaCl-CaCl2-H2O的拉曼光谱特征进行了系统的研究,并获得了水的O—H伸缩振动谱带的拉曼位移、溶质质量分数和压力之间的定量关系。其中盐的质量分数相等(NaCl与CaCl2),分别为4.0mass%,8.0mass%和12.0mass%。实验结果表明,当盐的质量分数和体系的压力保持不变时,O—H伸缩振动的标准拉曼位移差(Δν(O—H))伴随着温度的升高而增大。当温度和压力恒定时,Δν(O—H)随盐的质量分数的增加而增大。对于这个三元体系,其Δν(O—H)与压力近似为线性关系,且不同盐度条件下的关系斜率相近。Δν(O—H)与温度(T)、压力(P)、溶质质量分数(M)之间的定量关系为P=-31.892Δν(O—H)+10.131T+222.816 M-3 183.567,其中该方程的有效PTM范围为200MPa≤P≤1 700MPa,273K≤T≤539K以及M≤12mass%。该公式可以用来作为地质压力计,用于研究等盐度条件下在NaCl-CaCl2-H2O体系流体包裹体。该方法作为一种直观的地质探测技术,具有潜在的应用价值。