高斯光束经轴锥镜-透镜系统变换后的解析描述

从夫琅禾费衍射积分公式出发,利用卷积定理和零阶汉克变换性质,推导出基横模高斯光束垂直入射轴锥镜-透镜组合光学系统后,在透镜后焦面上的光强分布解析描述公式,建立了环形结构光强度分布与轴锥镜-透镜组合中主要光学参数之间的数学关系,为环形结构光强度分布的快速模拟,以及生成环形结构光的光学系统设计提供理论支撑.根据所推导公式进...     

Geometrical nonlinear waves in finite deformation elastic rods

IntroductionSomenewphenomenaofnonlinearwavesinthesolidmediumsuchasshockwave ,solitarywaveetc.arepaidmoreattentiontoincreasinglybyresearchersbecausetheytakeonalotofimportantproperties.ItistheoreticallyanalyzedinRefs.[1 -6]thattheformationmechanismsofshockwaveandsolitarywaveintheelasticthinrodsaswellastheirpropagationproperties.TheexistenceofsolitarywaveintheelasticmediumsuchasarodandaplatehasbeenverifiedinRef.[7]byexperiments.Shockwaveandsolitarywavearesteadilypropagatingtraveling_wavesgenerat…     

鲁棒自适应仿生模糊滑模控制北大核心

针对一类非线性系统,将生物个体对外界环境的适应对策弓J入滑模控制中,在模糊滑模控制的基础上提出了仿生模糊滑模控制方法.该法利用生物随外界环境变化的主动适应性来设计控制器.在实际问题中往往出现建模误差、外界干扰等不确定因素,为了补偿模糊控制器与理想控制器的误差,增加了一个鲁棒控制器.这样使系统具有更强的鲁棒性和抗扰动性,有效避免抖振和消除误差,达到理想状态.同时,利用Lyapunov稳定性理论,证明了闭环系统的全局稳定性.最后对线性系统和倒立摆系统进行了仿真,结果表明了方法的有效性和可行性.     

顶空气相色谱法测定食品添加剂中15种有机溶剂残留量

建立了顶空气相色谱法同时测定食品添加剂中甲苯、甲醇、正己烷等15种有机溶剂残留量的分析方法。选择N,N-二甲基甲酰胺对不同食品添加剂中的有机溶剂进行提取,将样液转移至顶空瓶中密封,顶空进样测定。对提取溶剂、提取方式、平衡时间和平衡温度等进行了优化。结果表明,15种有机溶剂分离良好,各残留溶剂在相应浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数不小于0.999 8,定量下限为10.0 mg/kg(三氯甲烷和吡啶为20.0 mg/kg),回收率为90.6%~109.1%,相对标准偏差为0.1%~7.2%。该方法灵敏度高,重现性好,适用于食品添加剂中甲苯、甲醇、正己烷等15种残留溶剂的检测分析。     

射频等离子体技术制备合成低碳醇用铜钴基催化剂

采用射频等离子体技术制备了CO加氢合成低碳醇用新型CuCo/ZrO2催化剂, 研究了等离子体气氛氮气、氢气和先氮气后氢气处理对催化剂结构和性能的影响, 并应用BET、XRD、XPS、TG和TPR技术对催化剂进行了表征. 与常规焙烧制得的样品相比, 射频等离子体技术制备的催化剂可有效抑制烃类生成, 提高总醇选择性, 大幅提高反应活性和低碳醇的时空收率. 表征结果显示, 等离子体技术使催化剂前驱体在低温下分解形成活性相, 显著提高了催化剂比表面积, 促进催化剂活性组分晶粒细化并提高其分散度, 催化剂表面的铜含量增加.     

含三乙烯二胺强弱碱功能基阴离子交换树脂的制备及其吸附性能

含三乙烯二胺强弱碱功能基阴离子交换树脂的制备及其吸附性能;三乙烯二胺; 强弱碱基阴离子交换树脂; 滴定曲线; 苯甲酸; 吸附性能     

Effects of Ti and Zr Substituted on the Electrochemical Characteristics of MgNi-Based Alloy Electrodes

Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys MgNi, Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni, and Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni were successfully prepared by means of mechanical alloying （MA）. The structure and the electrochemical characteristics of these Mg-based materials were studied. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） result shows that the main phases of the alloys exhibit amorphous structure. The scanning electron microscopy （SEM） photograph shows that the particle size of Ti and Zr substituted alloys was about 2-4 μm in diameter. The cycle lives of the alloys were prolonged by adding Ti and Zr. After 50 charge-discharge cycles, the discharge capacity of Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni was 91.74% higher than that of MgNi alloy and 37.96% higher than that of Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni alloy. The main reason for the electrode capacity decay is the formation of Mg（OH）2 （product of Mg corrosion） at the surface of alloy. The potentiodynamic polarization result indicates that Ti and Zr doping improves the anticorrosion in an alkaline solution. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） results suggest that proper amount of Ti and Zr doping improves the electrochemical catalytic activity significantly.     

Effects of Ti and Co on the Electrochemical Characteristics of MgNi-Based Alloy Electrodes

Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys MgNi, Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni and Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9Co0.1 were successfully prepared by means of mechanical alloying （MA）. The structure and the electrochemical characteristics of these Mg-based materials were also studied. The results of X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） show that the main phases of the alloys exhibit amorphous structures, and trace of Ni co-exists. The charge-discharge cycle tests indicate these alloys have good electrochemical active characteristics. And the cycle stability of Ti and Co doped alloy was better than that of MgNi alloy. After 50 cycle charge-discharge, the discharge capacity of the Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9Co0.1 alloy was much better than that of MgNi and Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni alloys. The discharge capacity of Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9Co0.1 was 102.8% higher than that of MgNi alloy, and 45.49% higher than that of the Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni alloy. During the process of charge-discharge cycle test, the main reason for the electrode capacity fading is the corrosion of Mg to Mg（OH）2 on the surface of alloys. The Tafel polarization test indicates Ti and Co improve the anticorrosion in an alkaline solution. The EIS results suggest that proper amount of Ti and Co doping improve the electrochemical catalytical activity on the Mg-based alloy surface significantly.     

位移加载条件下微小尺寸单晶金属的应变突变模型及其间歇性塑性变形行为研究

微压缩实验发现,微小尺度单晶金属柱体在塑性变形过程中会发生显著的应变突变,呈现出特殊的间歇性塑性流动特征。本文以数百纳米直径的单晶Au柱体为研究对象,探讨其在位移加载条件下的间歇性流动行为。首先根据位移加载条件下的塑性变形特征,提出了分析其应变突变的三阶段模型。进一步结合经典晶体塑性理论框架的有限元方法,建立了以二阶功参量为基础的连续塑性力学模型。通过与实验结果相对比发现,新模型能够较好地描述位移加载条件下微小尺度面心立方单晶金属材料的应变突变现象,能够合理预测单晶柱体的特殊变形行为。此外,二阶功准则作为位移加载条件下应变突变现象的判据是有效的。进而使用该理论模型,探讨了微小金属柱体应变突变随机性、尺寸相关性以及率敏感性等问题。     

一类时滞分数阶计算机病毒模型的稳定性研究

本文研究一类改进的时滞分数阶计算机病毒模型正平衡点的稳定性问题.利用线性化方法和拉普拉斯变换获得模型对应的线性化系统的特征方程,通过讨论特征方程的根以及横截条件研究时滞和正平衡点稳定性之间的关系,推导了Hopf分支出现时时滞临界值的计算公式,并选择恰当的系统参数进行数值模拟以验证理论分析的合理性.