超光谱技术结合化学计量法区分直液式走珠笔墨迹种类

为了填补直液式走珠笔墨迹种类区分的空白,试验对市面上常见的29种直液式走珠笔墨迹样品进行了400～1 000nm光谱区间的超光谱成像,将得到的光谱数据进行简单的平滑预处理后,按照其光谱走势进行了初步的鉴别分类,采用SPSS.25分析软件中的沃尔德系统聚类分析法进一步分类,并采用主成分分析法评价了聚类分析的分类结果。试验结果表明:按照650～1 000nm光谱区间曲线上升趋势的差异,可将29个墨迹样品分为第Ⅰ大类和第Ⅱ大类,根据系统聚类分析的树状图和按集中计划表绘制的散点图能够进一步将这29种墨迹样品分为8小类,利用主成分分析法分别提取Ⅰ、Ⅱ大类光谱数据中7个和4个主成分,其中,前两个主成分累计方差贡献率分别达到了87%,97%,用其绘制主成分得分图,结果显示8个小类中的样品均能聚在一起,表明系统聚类效果良好。     

A simulation study of a dual-plate in-room PET system for dose verification in carbon ion therapy

During carbon ion therapy, lots of positron emitters such as 11C, 15O, 11C are generated in irradiated tissues by nuclear reactions, and can be used to track the carbon beam in the tissue by a positron emission tomography （PET） scanner. In this study, an dual-plate in-room PET scanner has been designed and evaluated based on the GATE simulation platform to monitor patient dose in carbon ion therapy. The dual-plate PET is designed to avoid interference with the carbon beamline and with patient positioning. Its performance was compared with that of four-head and full-ring PET scanners. The dual-plate, four-head and full-ring PET scanners consisted of 30, 60, 60 detector modules, respectively, with a 36 cm distance measurements. Each detector module consisted of a between directly opposite detector modules for dose deposition 24~24 array of 2 mm×2 mm×18 mm LYSO pixels coupled to a Hamamatsu H8500 PMT. To estimate the production yield of positron emitters, a 10 cm×15 cm×15 cm cuboid PMMA phantom was irradiated with 172, 200, 250 MeV/u 12C beams. 3D images of the activity distribution measured by the three types of scanner are produced by an iterative reconstruction algorithm. By comparing the longitudinal profile of positron emitters along the carbon beam path, it is indicated that use of the dual-plate PET scanner is feasible for monitoring the dose distribution in carbon ion therapy.     

A systematic study of the superdeformation of Pb isotopes with relativistic mean field theory

The microscopically constrained relativistic mean field theory is used to investigate the superdeformation for Pb isotopes. The calculations have been performed with the four different interactions NL3, PK1, TM1 and NLSH, and show that there exists a clear superdeformed minimum in the potential energy surfaces. The excitation energy, deformation and depth of the well in the     

A Strength Softening Phase Transition Observed in Shocked （Mg0.92,Fe0.08）SiO3 Perovskite at About 83 GPa

We report the experimental data of Hugoniot longitudinal sound velocity VL for natural （Mg0.92,Fe0.08）SiO3 enstatite sample at about 40-140 GPa, consisting of three new data and five previously reported data but revised by our new Hugoniot equation of state parameters. Three segments, separated by two discontinuities, appear in the VL-PH （shock pressure） plot. Analyses show that the first discontinuity at about 64 GPa, with a sharp increase of VL of about 21%, is judged to be a phase transition from enstatite to Pbnm perovskite （PV）; while the second one at about 83 GPa, with a dramatic decrease of VL of about 23%, is likely caused by a subtle structural change from Pbnm PV to tetragonal PV, accompanied by material strength softening due to melting of oxygen sublattices. This strength softening evidence is obtained first from shock wave experiments, and probably has profound implications for probing into the origin of low seismic velocity anomaly in the Earth＇s lower mantle and thus constraining the geophysical and geochemical models for the Earth＇s lower mantle.     

调制掺杂ZnSe/BeTe Ⅱ型量子阱结构中的内秉电场和新型带电激子

报道了调制掺杂的ZnSe/BeTe/ZnSe Ⅱ型量子阱(type-Ⅱ QW)在低温(2—5 K)条件下的光致发光(PL),光致发光激发(PLE)和磁性光致发光(magneto-PL)光谱的实验结果.　观察到非掺杂样品的PL有两个很强的主发光峰而掺杂样品只有一个的奇异发光.　PL直线偏振度和PLE的测量结果都表明了这些空间间接型跃迁PL是来自两个异质结界面的贡献,非掺杂样品的两个主发光峰的分离则是起因于QW结构中的内秉电场(built-in electric field).在平行于QW生长方向的强磁场中, 关键词： 光致发光 二维电子气 带电激子 Ⅱ型量子阱     

电动机与发电机二合一原理演示仪

介绍一款电动机与发电机二合一原理演示仪,借用直流电动机线圈转动的动力带动发电线圈在磁场中转动发电,并用引入单片机等电子控制和电子显示装置.     

CTS试样I/II混合型断裂特性数值计算研究

采用CTS试样研究I/II混合型断裂特性计算裂纹前缘应力强度因子时可采用解析公式,一旦裂纹发生扩展,解析公式便不再适用。文中采用有限元法研究紧凑拉伸剪切（CTS）试样在I/II平面混合型加载下的裂纹扩展行为。采用ANSYS建立CTS试样I/II混合型测试系统有限元模型,为模拟真实受力状态,在CTS试样-销-扇型夹具以及扇型夹具-销-U型夹具之间分别建立接触对进行接触力学分析。通过与解析公式结果进行对比验证了该数值方法的可靠性。采用最大环向应力准则（MTS）,模拟了CTS试样不同加载角度下的裂纹扩展路径,获得了裂纹扩展路径中应力强度因子随裂纹长度的变化曲线,解释了裂纹扩展路径不与外载荷方向垂直的原因。结合文中计算结果,在CTS试样I/II混合型裂纹扩展速率实验测得裂纹长度与寿命的关系曲线a-N的基础上,便可得到材料I/II型混合型裂纹扩展速率曲线。     

R1270/CO_2复叠式制冷系统热力学分析

针对R1270/CO_2复叠式制冷系统,通过能量及分析的方法,分析了低温级冷凝温度、系统蒸发温度、系统冷凝温度以及冷凝蒸发器传热温差对系统COP、损I和质量流量的影响。分析结果表明,在其他变量一定的条件下,存在确定的低温级冷凝温度使系统COP最大,总损最小;适当的升高系统蒸发温度和降低系统冷凝温度,以及减小冷凝蒸发器传热温差,可以增大系统COP和降低损;R1270高温级部件和冷凝蒸发器的损占总损比例较大,需对其进行重点优化。降低低温级冷凝温度和系统冷凝温度,提高系统蒸发温度可以减少系统中R1270的充注量。     

超声萃取-免疫亲和柱净化-柱后光化学衍生高效液相色谱法同时测定蜂房药材中4种黄曲霉毒素

建立超声萃取-免疫亲和柱净化-柱后光化学衍生高效液相色谱同时测定蜂房药材中黄曲霉毒素B1、黄曲霉毒素B2、黄曲霉毒素G1、黄曲霉毒素G2含量的分析方法。样品经粉碎，过孔径为120μm筛后，采用70%甲醇溶液超声处理30 min，经免疫亲和柱净化、高效液相色谱分离、光化学柱后衍生，通过荧光检测器测定4种黄曲霉毒素的含量。黄曲霉毒素B1的线性范围为0.010 4～0.052 0 ng，相关系数为0.999 9；黄曲霉毒素B2的线性范围为0.003 8～0.019 0 ng，相关系数为0.999 8；黄曲霉毒素G1的线性范围为0.010 8～0.054 0 ng，相关系数为0.999 8；黄曲霉毒素G2的线性范围为0.003 8～0.019 0 ng，相关系数为0.999 8。4种黄曲霉毒素检出限分别为0.42、0.15、0.43、0.15μg/kg，测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于2.5%(n=6)，样品加标回收率为92.9%～96.9%。该方法操作简便，灵敏度高，可用于蜂房中黄曲霉毒素含量的测定。     

挥发固体添加剂调控有机太阳能电池性能的研究进展

本体异质结(BHJ)有机太阳能电池(OSC)因具有可溶液制备、绿色无毒及可柔性化等特点而被视为具有广阔应用前景的太阳能电池技术之一.活性层内部的纳米形貌是决定器件性能和工作稳定性的关键因素之一.基于此,研究者先后开发了热退火、溶剂退火和溶剂添加剂等形貌优化方法.然而,上述处理方式不能与大面积印刷工艺兼容,而且不利于器件内部形貌和性能的稳定性,因此寻找简单高效的形貌调控手段是OSC研究的热点.近年来,挥发固体添加剂因其独特的分子特性,能够与给受体分子间形成较强的相互作用力,被认为是提升OSC能量转换效率(PCE)和稳定性的发展方向.本文系统总结了非卤素及卤素型挥发固体添加剂调控OSC形貌和光伏性能的研究现状,深入讨论了挥发固体添加剂优化活性层形貌的不同机理,包括分子间吸附能、给体与受体的相互作用、晶体成核和生长等;分析了挥发固体添加剂策略所面临的挑战和未来的发展趋势.