全文获取类型
收费全文 | 314103篇 |
免费 | 21272篇 |
国内免费 | 682篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 200733篇 |
晶体学 | 4232篇 |
力学 | 14042篇 |
综合类 | 9篇 |
数学 | 32632篇 |
物理学 | 84409篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4939篇 |
2021年 | 4357篇 |
2020年 | 6959篇 |
2019年 | 4691篇 |
2018年 | 5562篇 |
2017年 | 3737篇 |
2016年 | 10230篇 |
2015年 | 8423篇 |
2014年 | 9471篇 |
2013年 | 16137篇 |
2012年 | 11395篇 |
2011年 | 11014篇 |
2010年 | 10656篇 |
2009年 | 10383篇 |
2008年 | 10445篇 |
2007年 | 10328篇 |
2006年 | 9049篇 |
2005年 | 8186篇 |
2004年 | 7517篇 |
2003年 | 6813篇 |
2002年 | 6738篇 |
2001年 | 7423篇 |
2000年 | 5726篇 |
1999年 | 4426篇 |
1998年 | 3907篇 |
1997年 | 3955篇 |
1996年 | 3700篇 |
1995年 | 3535篇 |
1994年 | 3610篇 |
1993年 | 3438篇 |
1992年 | 3813篇 |
1991年 | 3777篇 |
1990年 | 3694篇 |
1989年 | 3561篇 |
1988年 | 3714篇 |
1987年 | 3578篇 |
1986年 | 3387篇 |
1985年 | 4490篇 |
1984年 | 4758篇 |
1983年 | 3996篇 |
1982年 | 4150篇 |
1981年 | 4097篇 |
1980年 | 4105篇 |
1979年 | 4098篇 |
1978年 | 4403篇 |
1977年 | 4438篇 |
1976年 | 4547篇 |
1975年 | 4303篇 |
1974年 | 4364篇 |
1973年 | 4366篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Kinetics and Catalysis - The catalytic properties of a nickel phosphide catalyst supported on silica gel in the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds were studied in a flow reactor using... 相似文献
2.
Chuprin A. S. Belova S. A. Bugaenko M. G. Vologzhanina A. V. Loktev A. S. Voloshin Ya. Z. Buznik V. M. Dedov A. G. 《Kinetics and Catalysis》2022,63(1):108-116
Kinetics and Catalysis - A new ruthenium(II) cage complex with polar terminal groups in the apical substituents has been synthesized; the molecular design of the complex contributes to the... 相似文献
3.
Automotive proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks need to meet manufacturer specified rated beginning-of-life (BOL) performance before being assembled into vehicles and shipped off to customers. The process of “breaking-in” of a freshly assembled stack is often referred to as “conditioning.” It has become an intensely researched area especially in automotive companies, where imminent commercialization of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) demands a short, energy- and cost-efficient, and practical conditioning protocol. Significant advances in reducing the conditioning time from 1 to 2 days to as low as 4h or less, in some cases without the use of additional inert gases such as nitrogen, and with minimal use of hydrogen, and specialized test stations will be discussed. 相似文献
4.
Qianqian Fan Zirui Liu Feng Qiu Prof. Yong Mao Prof. Qingju Liu Prof. Longzhou Zhang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(63):e202202700
The artificially accurate design of nonmetal electrocatalysts’ active site has been a huge challenge because no pure active species with the specific structure could be strictly controlled by traditional synthetic methods. Species with a multiconfiguration in the catalyst hinder identification of the active site and the subsequent comprehension of the reaction mechanism. We have developed a novel electro-assisted molecular assembly strategy to obtain a pure pentagon ring on perfect graphene avoiding other reconstructed structures. More importantly, the active atom was confirmed by the subtle passivation process as the topmost carbon atom. Recognition of the carbon-defect electrocatalysis reaction mechanism was first downsized to the single-atom scale from the experimental perspective. It is expected that this innovative electro-assisted molecular assembly strategy could be extensively applied in the active structure-controlled synthesis of nonmetal electrocatalysts and verification of the exact active atom. 相似文献
5.
Shilin Jiang Dr. Yalan Liu Dr. Lin Wang Prof. Zhifang Chai Prof. Wei-Qun Shi 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(60):e202201145
The coordination chemistry of f-block elements (lanthanide and actinide) in molten salts has become a resounding topic in view of its great importance to the research and development (R&D) of molten salt reactors and pyroprocessing. In this Review article, a general overview of the coordination chemistry of f-block elements in molten salts is provided including past achievements and recent advances. Particular emphases are placed on the oxidation state, speciation, and solution structure of f-block metal ions in molten salts, as well as their relationships with the salt composition. Furthermore, this review briefly discusses the spectroscopic and theoretical methods that complement each other in revealing the coordination properties. 相似文献
6.
Sakhautdinova G. F. Sakhautdinov I. M. Mustafin A. G. Yunusov M. S. 《Chemistry of Natural Compounds》2022,58(1):185-186
Chemistry of Natural Compounds - 相似文献
7.
Chemistry of Natural Compounds - O- and N-propylamino-derivatives of betulin and betulonic acid oxime and methyl ester were synthesized. Their antitumor activity against a panel of 60 human cancer... 相似文献
8.
Romanenko G. V. Fokin S. V. Bogomyakov A. S. Zueva E. M. Ovcharenko V. I. 《Journal of Structural Chemistry》2022,63(3):441-450
Journal of Structural Chemistry - The structures of Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes with anions of 2,5-pyrrolyl-disubstituted nitronyl nitroxide (L1) and iminonitroxide (L2) diradicals (HL1 is... 相似文献
9.
Dr. Zaifa Shi Dr. Yihuang Jiang Dr. Jingxiong Yu Prof. Shanjun Chen Prof. Jun Chen Prof. Zichao Tang Prof. Lansun Zheng 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(8):e202103546
At present, the reactivity of cyclic alkanes is estimated by comparison with acyclic hydrocarbons. Due to the difference in the structure of cycloalkanes and acycloalkanes, the thermodynamic data obtained by analogy are not applicable. In this study, a molecular beam sampling vacuum ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MB-VUV-PI-TOFMS) was applied to study the low-temperature oxidation of cyclopentane (CPT) at a total pressure range from 1–3 atm and low-temperature range between 500 and 800 K. Low-temperature reaction products including cyclic olefins, cyclic ethers, and highly oxygenated intermediates (e. g., ketohydroperoxide KHP, keto-dihydroperoxide KDHP, olefinic hydroperoxides OHP and ketone structure products) were observed. Further investigation of the oxidation of CPT – electronic structure calculations – were carried out at the UCCSD(T)-F12a/aug-cc-pVDZ//B3LYP/6-31+ G(d,p) level to explore the reactivity of O2 molecules adding sequentially to cyclopentyl radicals. Experimental and theoretical observations showed that the dominant product channel in the reaction of CPT radicals with O2 is HO2 elimination yielding cyclopentene. The pathways of second and third O2 addition – the dissociation of hydroperoxide – were further confirmed. The results of this study will develop the low-temperature oxidation mechanism of CPT, which can be used for future research on accurately simulating the combustion process of CPT. 相似文献
10.
Dominik Vítek Prof. Aleš Růžička Lise Vermeersch Dr. Libor Dostál Dr. Jan Turek Prof. Roman Jambor 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(70):e202202639
Reactivity studies of the GeII→B complex L(Cl)Ge⋅BH3 ( 1 ; L=2-Et2NCH2-4,6-tBu2-C6H2) were performed to determine the effect on the GeII→B donation. N-coordinated compounds L(OtBu)Ge⋅BH3 ( 2 ) and [LGe⋅BH3]2 ( 3 ) were prepared. The possible tuning of the GeII→B interaction was proved experimentally, yielding compounds 1-PPh2-8-(LGe)-C10H6 ( 4 ) and L(Cl)Ge⋅GaCl3 ( 5 ) without a GeII→B interaction. In 5 , an unprecedented GeII→Ga coordination was revealed. The experimental results were complemented by a theoretical study focusing on the bonding in 1 − 5 . The different strength of the GeII→E (E=B, Ga) donation was evaluated by using energy decomposition analysis. The basicity of different L(X)Ge groups through proton affinity is also assessed. 相似文献