Adsorption and thermodynamic properties of active sites of a pyrogenic aluminium oxide surface

Differential isosteric adsorption heats and entropies of adsorption of both n-pentane and diethyl ether on hydrated and dehydrated surfaces of pyrogenic alumina (S=140 m²/g) in the coverage range of 0.15–1.0 have been calculated from the adsorption isotherms.     

Electronic structure and properties of heteropoly anions with the formula [PM12O40]n− [M=V(V), Mo(VI), W(VI)]

Institute of Catalysis, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Central Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the German Democratic Republic. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 29–33, January–February, 1989.     

A study of deuterium exchange in adamantane carboxylic acids and alcohols under electron impact

The mass spectra of 1-adamantyl substituted carboxylic acids and alcohols with and without deuterated hydroxyl groups were studied. Deuterium exchange between functional group and adamantane nucleus was observed and a possible explantation of the phenomenon is given.     

Interaction of phosphomolybdovanadium heteropolyacids with hydrazine hydrate studied by a calorimetric method

The heats of interaction of VO ₂ ⁺ and of heteropolyacids H_3+nPMo_12−nV_nO₄₀ (n=1,2,3,6) with N₂H₄ have been measured.

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Измерены теплоты взаимодействия VO ₂ ⁺ и гетерополикислот H_3+nPMo_12−nV_nO₄₀ (n=1,2,3,6) с N₂H₄.

     

Direct transformations of ketones to gamma-unsaturated thiols via

The reaction of a series of ketones with dimsylsodium in dimethyl sulfoxide resulting in the formation of gamma-unsaturated thiols was studied experimentally. [2,3]-Sigmatropic rearrangements of beta-unsaturated sulfinyl carbanions are involved at the key step of those transformations. DFT computations at the B3LYP/6-31+G level indicated that such rearrangements, as well as some typical [2, 3]-sigmatropic rearrangements, e.g., thermal rearrangements of allyl sulfoxides and Wittig rearrangements of sulfur ylides and lithiated allyloxy methyl anions, are concerted and moderately synchronous processes. Negative (diatropic) nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS) and high diamagnetic susceptibility exaltations indicate that the transition structures of these [2,3]-sigmatropic migrations are aromatic.     

Investigations in the imidazole series

Purinyl(theophyllinyl)-8-mercapto aldehydes and their acetals were synthesized by the reaction of 8-thio derivatives of purine and theophylline with -halo aldehydes and their acetals. The IR spectra demonstrated that the indicated aldehydes exist in the solid state as tautomeric forms — 3-hydroxy derivatives of thiazolino[2,3-f]purines(xanthines). Dehydration of the latter gave thiazolo[2,3-f]purine, 6,8-dimethylthiazolo[2,3-f]xanthine, and their 2-alkyl-substituted derivatives. The structures of the three-ring compounds were established by reductive desulfuration to 7-alkyl-substituted purines and theophyllines.See [1] for communication LXXVI.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 996–999, July, 1972.     

Self‐assembly of p‐tert‐butyl thiacalix[4]arenes and metal cations into nanoscale three‐dimensional particles

The shape of supramolecular aggregates based on stereoisomers of p‐tert‐butyl thiacalix[4]arenes functionalized with secondary, tertiary amide and hydrazide groups at the lower rim in cone, partial cone and 1,3‐alternate conformations with several metal cations were investigated by atomic force microscopy. The examined p‐tert‐butyl thiacalix[4]arenes form host–guest complexes; dimers, spherics ellipsoids and elongated nanoscale particles depending on the conformation of macrocycles, the nature of the binding centers and the nature of the metal cation. Only associates formed by p‐tert‐butyl thiacalix[4]arenes with morpholide groups at the lower rim in cone conformation with silver cations exhibited a higher antimicrobial activity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Comparative ultrastructural study of spermatozoa in some oyster species from the Asian-Pacific Coast

Sperm organization in the oysters Crassostrea gigas, Crassostrea nippona, Crassostrea cf. rivularis and Saccostrea cf. mordax inhabiting Asian Pacific coast was studied. The spermatozoa of all studied species had a number of common morphological characters such as a cup-like acrosome with heterogeneous matrix on its top, an axial rod in the subacrosomal space, a barrel-shaped nucleus, four mitochondria in the midpiece, pericentriolar complexes, and a 9+2-organized flagellum. The spermatozoa of C. cf. rivularis differed from the other species by having cytoplasm processes in the midpiece region. Such structures have never been described in the Ostreidae. Additionally, each species could be identified by the shape and size of sperm compartments (acrosome, nucleus, anterior nuclear fossa). The most significant interspecific difference was found in the size of an anterior nuclear fossa. The smallest anterior nuclear fossa was found in C. cf. rivularis (about 0.24 μm in length reaching about 22% of the nuclear length) while the biggest in C. gigas from the Sea of Japan (about 0.53 μm in length reaching about 46% of the nuclear length). The spermatozoa of C. gigas collected from the Sea of Japan and Taiwan Strait differed significantly in almost all the studied parameters. Since sperm morphology has been successfully used for species differentiation, this suggests the existence of two species rather than two populations. The data obtained indicate the species-specific difference in the sperm ultrastructure within the Ostreidae, which may be identified both ultrastructurally and morphometrically.     

On nonquasineutrality and turbulent heat transfer in a tokamak

A new approach is proposed for describing a steady turbulent state formed far from thermodynamic equilibrium in the plasma column of a tokamak as a result of the development of microinstabilities. A fundamental feature of such a highly nonequilibrium plasma is its nonquasineutrality, i.e., the plasma properties are largely determined by electric fields localized on a scale of the order of the Debye radius. It is established that the transverse thermal diffusivity is determined by the expression