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1.
S. Piekarski 《Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics》1992,4(2):109-119
In this paper the explicit form of such systems of conservation laws, which imply an additional conservation law, is determined. It is shown that there are many classes of such systems besides the symmetric conservative ones. From the point of view of phenomenological thermodynamics, this result can be interpreted as a sort of integration of the constraints imposed by the second law of thermodynamics. 相似文献
2.
Xu Zhang Dongfeng Xue Meinan Liu Henryk Ratajczak Dongli Xu 《Journal of Molecular Structure》2005,754(1-3):25-30
On the basis of the crystallographic characteristics of lithium niobate (LN) crystals, Law of Bravais and Pauling's third rule (i.e. Polyhedral Sharing Rule) are employed with the aim to find the relationship between the crystal structure and morphological faces of LN powders. In order to validate our analytical results, we have successfully synthesized LN powders and measured the corresponding X-ray powder diffraction. Our results show that the structural analysis is consistent with the experimental data and is helpful and effective for us to control the single-crystal growth and to design superstructures at the specific plane, starting from the viewpoint of the microscopic behaviors of constituent chemical bonds and polyhedra in the crystallographic frame. 相似文献
3.
Henryk Brzeskwiniewicz 《Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics》1989,41(1):199-204
The necessary and sufficient conditions for m-associate partially balanced block (PBB) designs to be connected are given. This generalizes the criterion for m-associate partially balanced incomplete block (PBIB) designs, which has originally been established by Ogawa, Ikeda and Kageyama (1984, Proceedings of the Seminar on Combinatorics and Applications, 248–255, Statistical Publishing Society, Calcutta).This work was partially supported by the Polish Academy of Sciences Grant No. MR I.1-2/2. 相似文献
4.
5.
Thaler F Valsasina B Baldi R Xie J Stewart A Isacchi A Kalisz HM Rusconi L 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2003,376(3):366-373
beta-Elimination of the phosphate group on phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues and addition of an alkyldithiol is a useful tool for analysis of the phosphorylation states of proteins and peptides. We have explored the influence of several conditions on the efficiency of this PO(4)(3-) elimination reaction upon addition of propanedithiol. In addition to the described influence of different bases, the solvent composition was also found to have a major effect on the yield of the reaction. In particular, an increase in the percentage of DMSO enhances the conversion rate, whereas a higher amount of protic polar solvents, such as water or isopropanol, induces the opposite effect. We have also developed a protocol for enrichment of the modified peptides, which is based on solid-phase covalent capture/release with a dithiopyridino-resin. The procedure for beta-elimination and isolation of phosphorylated peptides by solid-phase capture/release was developed with commercially available alpha-casein. Enriched peptide fragments were characterized by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis before and after alkylation with iodoacetamide, which allowed rapid confirmation of the purposely introduced thiol moiety. Sensitivity studies, carried out in order to determine the detection limit, demonstrated that samples could be detected even in the low picomolar range by mass spectrometry. The developed solid-phase enrichment procedure based on reversible covalent binding of the modified peptides is more effective and significantly simpler than methods based on the interaction between biotin and avidin, which require additional steps such as tagging the modified peptides and work-up of the samples prior to the affinity capture step. 相似文献
6.
Enthalpies of dissolution of benzo-15-crown-5 ether (B15C5) in mixtures of acetonitrile with water and in solutions of NaI and NaBPh4 (I=0.05 mol dm–3) in these mixtures were measured at 298.15 K. From the obtained results and appropriate literature data, the thermodynamic functions of B15C5/Na+ complex formation in acetonitrile-water mixtures were determined. The enthalpies of transfer of the complex B15C5/Na+ from pure acetonitrile to the examined mixtures were calculated and are discussed. 相似文献
7.
Joseph R. Lakowicz Ignacy Gryczynski Henryk Malak Zygmunt Gryczynski 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1996,64(4):632-635
Abstract— We report the observation of two-photon excitation of an organic fluorophore with two different wavelengths, a phenomenon we refer to as two-color two-photon (2C2P) excitation. Ultraviolet emission of p -Merphenyl at 340 nm was observed when the sample was illuminated with both 375 and 750 nm pulses from a picosecond dye laser. The emission of p -terphenyl was about 100-fold and more than 1000-fold less for illumination at only 375 or 750 nm, respectively. Observation of the 2C2P signal required temporal and spatial overlap of the 375 and 750 nm pulses. The amplitude of the signal depended on the polarization of each beam. 2C2P excitation can have applications in fluorescence microscopy and elsewhere when spatially localized excitation is desirable. 相似文献
8.
A non-destructive method for the quantification of eleven elements in bone samples is described. The analytical scheme is based on short (30 s) irradiation with thermal neutrons followed immediately (decay time 10 s) by counting fluorine-20 for 30 s and, after a total waiting time of 150 s, by 10-min γ-spectrometry counting, which give data for Ca, Cl, Mg, Mn, Na, and V. Use of a boron carbide shield for a second set of irradiations with epithermal neutrons permits the additional determination of bromine and strontium and calculation of the contribution of aluminium and phosphorus to the total activity of 28Al. 相似文献
9.
Kłonkowski Andrzej M. Widernik Teresa Grobelna Beata Jóźwiak Wojciech K. Proga Henryk Szubiakiewicz Ewa 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2001,20(2):161-180
The sol-gel process is a useful method for preparing two series of organically and co-ordinately modified xerogels of the types [CuN
n
]·N
5–n
·5xSiO4/2 (n < 4) and [Cu(N–N)n]·(N–N)2–n
·2x SiO4/2(n 2), where N = NH2(CH2)3 SiO3/2, N–N = NH2(CH2)2NH·(CH2)3SiO3/2 and x = [SiO4/2]/[N] or [SiO4/2]/[N–N]. The amino groups in the materials are coordinately active and participate partly in the coordination sphere of Cu(II) ions. The composition of the coordination sphere can be varied with the SiO4/2 content and also as a result of the thermal decomposition of the organic residues at higher temperatures.Because the xerogel materials are considered to be catalyst precursors, this study is focused on their coordination and thermal properties. The prepared xerogels, such as silica, aminated silicates with N and N–N, as well as those entities complexed with Cu(II), were characterised by FT-IR spectroscopy. During gelation and thermal decomposition the materials were analysed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The xerogels were additionally studied by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The gaseous products of the thermal decomposition of these materials in an Ar atmosphere were investigated by the use of FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with TG and DTG thermal analysis. These data were complemented by temperature-programmed decomposition (TPDec) in a 2% O2 + 98% Ar stream coupled with quadrupole mass spectroscopy. 相似文献
10.
New derivatization method for determination of 3-chloro-4(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone in water 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jacek Nawrocki Przemysaw Andrzejewski Leif Kronberg Henryk Jele
《Journal of chromatography. A》1997,790(1-2):242-247
An extremely potent mutagen, 3-chloro-4(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) is commonly present in chlorinated drinking water. Due to its high mutagenic activity and according to World Health Organization guidelines its concentration should be controlled in drinking waters. Determination of MX is difficult due to ppt levels at which the compound usually exists in drinking waters. Derivatization of MX with 2-propanol is presented as a method which significantly lowers the GC–MS detection level compared to other alcohol derivatization agents. 相似文献