神光-Ⅱ装置三倍频实验中靶场单元技术的改进

 主要介绍为了满足神光-Ⅱ高功率激光装置三倍频光（351nm，3ω）的物理实验要求，靶场三倍频模拟光源和瞄准监视系统两个主要单元技术的改进，即三倍频模拟光源由基频光（1 053nm，3ω）通过腔外的KTP+BBO晶体倍频获得，再经八路分光系统和主激光耦合；瞄准监视系统由透射式光学系统改进为反射式光学系统，避免原系统存在较大的色差，提高瞄准精度。     

原子荧光光谱法测定砷过程中还原反应条件的优化

自然界中砷和砷的化合物一般可通过水、大气和食物等途径进入人体,危害人体健康,原子荧光光谱法测定砷含量被广泛应用。为准确测定样品中砷的含量,以原子荧光光谱法(AFS)测定土壤中总砷含量为例,重点研究高价态砷(Ⅴ)还原为低价态砷(Ⅲ)的实验条件,采用正交实验进行条件优化,建立适合的实验方法。通过设计L9(34)正交实验,高价态砷的还原反应与四个因素有关,即与反应温度、反应时间、盐酸加入量和硫脲的用量呈一定的正相关,结果表明,四个因素中硫脲用量的影响最为显著,其次是盐酸加入量、反应时间和反应温度。通过对四个因素的多水平检验,优化后的实验条件为：硫脲用量2.0 mL、盐酸加入量10%、反应时间20 min、温度20～35 ℃(即普通室温)。采用土壤标准物质验证优化后条件的可行性,得出砷的测定值在标准值范围内,RSD在2.2%～4.2%,精密度和准确性均满足质控要求。优化后的实验条件使得操作简便易行,提高了工作效率。     

Nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile allylation of vinyl bromides and the modification of anti-tumour natural medicine β-elemene

Herein, we present a facile and efficient allylation method via Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of readily available allylic acetates with a variety of substituted alkenyl bromides using zinc as the terminal reductant. This Ni-catalyzed modular approach displays excellent functional group tolerance and a broad substrate scope, which the creation of a series of 1,4-dienes including several structurally complex natural products and pharmaceutical motifs. Moreover, the coupling strategy has the potential to realize enantiomeric control. The practicality of this transformation is demonstrated through the potent modification of the naturally antitumor active molecule β-elemene.

Herein, we present a facile and efficient allylation method via Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of readily available allylic acetates with a variety of substituted alkenyl bromides using zinc as the terminal reductant.     

A MXene-derived redox homeostasis regulator perturbs the Nrf2 antioxidant program for reinforced sonodynamic therapy

Ultrasound (US)-mediated sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as a spatiotemporally controllable therapeutic modality in combating cancer because of its high tissue-penetration depth and minimal invasiveness. However, the elevated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant program in cancer cells can serve as a chief reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification system to alleviate oxidative injury and promote tumorigenesis, and thus greatly antagonize the therapeutic efficacy of ROS-mediated anticancer therapies. Herein, we report that vanadium carbide MXene-derived carbon dots (PMQDs) can act as high-efficacy sonosensitizers to efficiently generate ROS upon US irradiation and simultaneously hinder the Nrf2 antioxidant program for enhanced sonodynamic therapy of cancer. These PMQDs show superior US-triggered ROS generating ability because of their efficient migration/separation of electron–hole pairs and narrow bandgap. Importantly, these PMQDs can serve as efficient redox homeostasis regulators to perturb the Nrf2 antioxidant mechanism and thus reduce its effects on ROS neutralization for enhanced SDT efficacy. Overall, the present study will not only provide a new paradigm to augment SDT by perturbing the Nrf2 antioxidant program, but also give valuable insights into developing high-efficacy MXene-derived nanoagents for cancer therapy.

A redox homeostasis regulator has been developed as a high-efficacy sonosensitizer to efficiently generate reactive oxygen species upon ultrasound irradiation and simultaneously hinder the Nrf2 antioxidant program for enhanced sonodynamic therapy.     

Effect of Different Processing Methods on the Chemical Constituents of Scrophulariae Radix as Revealed by 2D NMR-Based Metabolomics

Scrophulariae Radix (SR) is one of the oldest and most frequently used Chinese herbs for oriental medicine in China. Before clinical use, the SR should be processed using different methods after harvest, such as steaming, “sweating”, and traditional fire-drying. In order to investigate the difference in chemical constituents using different processing methods, the two-dimensional (2D) ¹H-¹³C heteronuclear single quantum correlation (¹H-¹³C HSQC)-based metabolomics approach was applied to extensively characterize the difference in the chemical components in the extracts of SR processed using different processing methods. In total, 20 compounds were identified as potential chemical markers that changed significantly with different steaming durations. Seven compounds can be used as potential chemical markers to differentiate processing by sweating, hot-air drying, and steaming for 4 h. These findings could elucidate the change of chemical constituents of the processed SR and provide a guide for the processing. In addition, our protocol may represent a general approach to characterizing chemical compounds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and therefore might be considered as a promising approach to exploring the scientific basis of traditional processing of TCM.     

Removal of Carbamazepine in Aqueous Solution by CoS2/Fe2+/PMS Process

Carbamazepine (CBZ), as a typical pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP), cannot be efficiently removed by the conventional drinking water and wastewater treatment process. In this work, the CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS process was applied for efficient elimination of CBZ. The CBZ removal efficiency of CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS was 2.5 times and 23 times higher than that of CoS₂/PMS and Fe²⁺/PMS, respectively. The intensity of DMPO-HO• and DMPO-SO4•− followed the order of Fe²⁺/PMS < CoS₂/PMS < CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS, also suggesting the CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS process has the highest oxidation activity. The effects of reaction conditions (e.g., CoS₂ dosage, Fe²⁺ concentration, PMS concentration, initial CBZ concentration, pH, temperature) and water quality parameters (e.g., SO42−, NO3−, H2PO4−, Cl−, NH4+, humic acid) on the degradation of CBZ were also studied. Response surface methodology analysis was carried out to obtain the best conditions for the removal of CBZ, which are: Fe²⁺ = 70 µmol/L, PMS = 240 µmol/L, CoS₂ = 0.59 g/L. The sustainability test demonstrated that the repeated use of CoS₂ for 8 successive cycles resulted in little function decrease (<10%). These findings suggest that CoS₂/Fe²⁺/PMS may be a promising method for advanced treatment of tailwater from sewage treatment plant.     

兔VX2移植肝癌及隔离灌注模型建立方法探究

应用开腹瘤块包埋法建立了兔移植肝癌模型,探讨了改良动脉插管技术及提高隔离灌注模型建立的成功率.采用的方法是将实验兔建立移植肝癌模型10d后,按动脉插管方法随机分为3组：A组为直视下儿科静脉留置针插管;B组为显微镜下儿科静脉留置针插管;C组为直视下硬膜外麻醉导管插管.建模成功后经肝动脉灌注奥沙利铂,隔离灌注模型建立前测量肿瘤生长大小,常规病理观察肿瘤,比较插管成功率.研究结果表明：肿瘤生长良好,应用儿科静脉留置针插管成功率明显高于硬膜外麻醉导管,显微镜下插管较直视下无统计学意义,奥沙利铂浓度外周静脉显著低于流出道.由此认为采用儿科静脉留置针插管操作简单,成功率高,建立隔离灌注模型外周血药物泄漏少,阻断较完全,是一种实用的隔离灌注建立方法.     

光子四维量子态隐形传输

多维量子纠缠态比二维纠缠态可加载更多的信息,多维量子系统是量子信息处理中一个很重要的资源.本文采用已实现的光子四维纠缠态,给出了光子四维量子态的张量表达式,并描述了四维量子态隐形传输的一般表示方法;通过讨论光子四维量子态系统的量子通道参数矩阵和测量矩阵的特性,得到实现完全传输和非零概率传输的充要条件.最后,本文给出在多种量子通道下的四维态的量子隐形传态方案,这一过程在张量分析表示下十分清晰明了.