通过Hβ分子筛上的烯烃水合反应提高FCC汽油品质

 以Hβ分子筛为催化剂,通过烯烃水合反应可以降低FCC轻汽油(≤80 ℃)中烯烃含量并提高含氧化合物含量,从而提高汽油的品质. 在V(H2O)/V(oil)=0.6,WHSV=1 h-1,p=5.0 MPa,θ=140 ℃和t=10 h的条件下,FCC轻汽油中烯烃的转化率为16.7%,产物中含氧化合物的含量为9.5%.     

新型磷酸硅铝分子筛SAPO-56的合成与表征

以N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,6-己二胺(TMHD)为模板剂,采用水热法在Al₂O₃-P₂O₅-SiO₂体系中合成了SAPO-56分子筛.固定模板剂和水,得到Al-Si-P三元体系相图.当原料物质的量比为0.52)/n(M)<0.7(M=SiO²⁺Al₂O³⁺P₂O₅),0.152O₃)/n(M)<0.4及0.12O₅)/n(M)<0.3时,出现SAPO-56合成的纯相区.固定合成凝胶中硅、铝、磷和水的量,模板剂的用量改变对合成影响较大.n(TMHD)/n(P₂O₅)≥2时,产物是纯SAPO-56.用XRD,SEM,IR,DTA-TG和吸附等方法研究了产物的物化性能.结果表明,SAPO-56分子筛具有较好的热稳定性(骨架坍塌温度为1150℃)和较大的水吸附量(41%).SAPO-56分子筛催化剂对甲醇转化制烯烃反应表现出了良好的催化活性和较高的C₂和C₃烯烃选择性.     

含钴、锰杂原子分子筛上烷烃低温分子氧氧化

用水热法合成了MeAlPO-5,MeAPSO-35,MeAlPO-18(MeAPS-18(Me=Co,Mn)分子筛,并用XRD和TPD对其进行表征。考察了在氧气作氧化剂的情况下,辛烷在这些杂原子分子筛上的氧化反应行为。辛烷氧化反应产物中,除辛酮和辛醇外,还出现了辛烷裂解氧化产物和辛烷多氧代产物。不同结构的分子筛催化剂上,辛烷氧化反应产物的选择性差异不大。在含有较多酸中心的MeAPSO分子筛上,n(辛酮)/n(辛醇)比要高于相同结构的MeAlPO分子筛。催化剂转移实验显示,氧化反应在多相体系中进行。考察了反应时间和温度变化对辛烷氧化反应的转化率及产物选择性等的影响,根据实验结果对反应机理进行了讨论。     

外应力对Y波导器件尾纤消光比的影响

本文研究了外应力对Y波导器件尾纤消光比及其温度稳定性的影响机理.在对保偏光纤固定部分进行应力分析的基础上,研究了外应力的大小、方向对于光纤应力双折射及尾纤消光比的影响,并分析了消光比的全温稳定性.结果表明,外应力是影响消光比常温性能及全温稳定性的主要因素.当外应力的方向与光纤固有应力双折射的主轴不重合时,尾纤最大消光比会低于保偏光纤的固有消光比,并且耦合后波导芯片与光纤慢轴之间对轴失准.当温度变化时,外应力的变化将导致消光比随温度的波动.当外应力沿着保偏光纤固有双折射主轴方向时,能够确保尾纤在耦合过程中实现最大的消光比,并保证波导芯片偏振方向与光纤慢轴的严格对准,此时尾纤消光比具有最佳的温度稳定性.对V型槽和U型槽光纤固定块进行了尾纤消光比性能及其温度稳定性的比较分析,试验验证表明,V型槽方案相对于难以保证外应力方向与光纤慢轴重合的U型槽固定块设计方案而言,可以有效改善消光比性能及其全温温度稳定性.     

Strain and interfacial engineering to accelerate hydrogen evolution reaction of two-dimensional phosphorus carbide

Hydrogen,regarded as a promising energy carrier to alleviate the current energy crisis,can be generated from hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),whereas its efficiency is impeded by the activity of catalysts.Herein,effective strategies,such as strain and interfacial engineering,are imposed to tune the catalysis performance of novel two-dimensional(2D)phosphorus carbide(PC)layers using first-principle calculations.The findings show that P site in pristine monolayer PC(ML-PC)exhibits higher HER performance than C site.Intriguingly,constructing bilayer PC sheet(BL-PC)can change the coordinate configuration of P atom to form 3-coordination-P atom(3-co-P)and 4-coordination-P atom(4-co-P),and the original activity of 3-co-P site is higher than the 4-co-P site.When an external compressive strain is applied,the activity of the 4-co-P site is enhanced whereas the external strain can barely affect that of 3-co-P site.Interestingly,the graphene substrate enhances the overall activity of the BL-PC because the graphene substrate optimizes the?GH*value of 4-co-P site,although it can barely affect the HER activity of 3-co-P site and ML-PC.The desirable properties render 2 D PC-based material promising candidates for HER catalysts and shed light on the wide utilization in electrocatalysis.     

X切H∶LiNbO_3光波导的工艺仿真研究

对于X切H∶LiNbO3光波导,在532nm和1310nm波长下,用棱镜耦合器进行了工艺仿真研究.对于在150℃,180℃和200℃用苯甲酸质子交换的光波导,分别求得交换厚度与交换时间的关系曲线,在此基础上给出质子交换的扩散系数与交换温度的关系曲线.对于在180℃质子交换并在350℃退火的光波导,给出以交换时间(交换厚度)为参变量的表面折射率增量、有效厚度与退火时间的关系曲线.研究结果可供低损耗α相单模波导的设计和制备做参考.     

Spin-controlled directional launching of surface plasmons at the subwavelength scale

In this paper, we demonstrate a spin-controlled directional launching of surface plasmons at the subwavelength scale.Based on the principle of optical spin's effect for the geometric phase of light, the nanostructures were designed. The inclination of the structures decides the spin-related geometric phase and their relative positions decide the distance-related phase. Hence, the propagation direction of the generated surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs) can be controlled by the spin of photons. Numerical simulations by the finite difference time domain(FDTD) method have verified our theoretical prediction. Our structure is fabricated on the Au film by using a focused ion beam etching technique. The total size of the surface plasmon polariton(SPP) launcher is 320 nm by 180 nm. The observation of the SPP launching by using scanning near-field optical microscopy is in agreement with our theory and simulations. This result may provide a new way of spin-controlled directional launching of SPP.     

Numerical studies for plasmas of a linear plasma device HIT-PSI with geometry modified SOLPS-ITER

The HIT-PSI is a linear plasma device built for physically simulating the high heat flux environment of future reactor divertors to test/develop advanced target plate materials. In this study, the geometry-modified SOLPS-ITER program is employed to examine the effects of the magnetic field strength and neutral pressure in the device on the heat flux experienced by the target plate of the HIT-PSI device. The findings of the numerical simulation indicate a positive correlation between the magnetic...     

外应力对Y波导器件尾纤消光比的影响

本文研究了外应力对Y波导器件尾纤消光比及其温度稳定性的影响机理.在对保偏光纤固定部分进行应力分析的基础上,研究了外应力的大小、方向对于光纤应力双折射及尾纤消光比的影响,并分析了消光比的全温稳定性.结果表明,外应力是影响消光比常温性能及全温稳定性的主要因素.当外应力的方向与光纤固有应力双折射的主轴不重合时,尾纤最大消光比会低于保偏光纤的固有消光比,并且耦合后波导芯片与光纤慢轴之间对轴失准.当温度变化时,外应力的变化将导致消光比随温度的波动.当外应力沿着保偏光纤固有双折射主轴方向时,能够确保尾纤在耦合过程中实现最大的消光比,并保证波导芯片偏振方向与光纤慢轴的严格对准,此时尾纤消光比具有最佳的温度稳定性.对V型槽和U型槽光纤固定块进行了尾纤消光比性能及其温度稳定性的比较分析,试验验证表明,V型槽方案相对于难以保证外应力方向与光纤慢轴重合的U型槽固定块设计方案而言,可以有效改善消光比性能及其全温温度稳定性.     

对苯二甲醛缩二氨基硫脲-钆配合物的合成及阴离子识别研究

合成了化合物(2E,2′E)-2,2′-(1,4-苯基双亚甲基双硫代氨基脲)(C10H12N6S2)(L),利用L与钆离子形成了配合物(GdL)。用UV-Vis吸收光谱考察其与F-、Cl-、Br-、I-、Ac-、NO3-、HSO4-和H2PO4-等阴离子的识别。研究表明,加入F-或H2PO4-时,溶液颜色由无色变为黄色,加入其它阴离子没有变化,从而实现受体对这两种阴离子的检测。Job法表明主客体间形成1∶1配合物。受体对两种离子的识别作用主要源于配合物多余的结合位点。在此基础上,以GdL的DMSO溶液作为起始状态,以F-和H2PO4-为两化学输入,构建了一个"或"(OR)分子逻辑门。