Radial transport dynamics studies of SMBI with a newly developed TPSMBI code

In tokamak plasma fueling, supersonic molecule beam injection(SMBI) with a higher fueling efficiency and a deeper penetration depth than the traditional gas puffing method has been developed and widely applied to many tokamak devices.It is crucial to study the transport dynamics of SMBI to improve its fueling efficiency, especially in the high confinement regime. A new one-dimensional(1D) code of TPSMBI has also been developed recently based on a six-field SMBI model in cylindrical coordinate. It couples plasma density and heat radial transport equations together with neutral density transport equations for both molecules and atoms and momentum radial transport equations for molecules. The dominant particle collisional interactions between plasmas and neutrals, such as molecule dissociation, atom ionization and charge-exchange effects, are included in the model. The code is verified to be correct with analytical solutions and also benchmarked well with the trans-neut module of BOUT++ code. Time-dependent radial transport dynamics and mean profile evolution are studied during SMBI with the TPSMBI code in both slab and cylindrical coordinates. Along the SMBI path, plasma density increases due to particle fuelling, while plasma temperature decreases due to heat cooling. Being different from slab coordinate, the curvature effect leads to larger front densities of molecule and atom during SMBI in cylindrical coordinate simulation.     

Investigation of molecular penetration depth variation with SMBI fluxes

We study the molecular penetration depth variation with the SMBI fluxes.The molecular transport process and the penetration depth during SMBI with various injection velocities and densities are simulated and compared.It is found that the penetration depth of molecules strongly depends on the radial convective transport of SMBI and it increases with the increase of the injection velocity.The penetration depth does not vary much once the SMBI injection density is larger than a critical value due to the dramatic increase of the dissociation rate on the fueling path.An effective way to improve the SMBI penetration depth has been predicted,which is SMBI with a large radial injection velocity and a lower molecule injection density than the critical density.     

基于卷积神经网络的HL-2A装置H模辨识研究

基于HL-2A装置的放电实验数据,利用卷积神经网络和时间窗口算法开发了高约束(H)模时段的识别算法,得到了可靠的高成功率的高约束模时段识别结果。算法中,选取206次放电实验数据中等离子体储能及氘α通道信号作为双通道原始数据进行学习,得到一个深度为21层的二分类卷积神经网络。该网络模型经过其他474次放电数据的测试集检验,高约束模识别的正确率达到了98.17%。     

CFETR稳态运行模式的0.5维集成模拟及其杂质粒子比例影响的分析

采用快速集成模拟软件METIS完成了CFETR1GW稳态反剪切运行模式的设计。该反剪切运行模式由40MW离轴电子回旋电流驱动(ECCD)与60MW的离轴中性束电流驱动(NBCD)所实现,获得了稳定的安全因子剖面,其在ρ=0.52处具有最小安全因子q_min=3.1,从而可避免危险的m/n=2/1、3/2、5/3的新经典撕裂模(NTM)。此外,本文还分析了Ar杂质粒子的含量对此稳态反剪切模式约束性能的影响。     

Simulations of fast component and slow component of SMBI on HL-2A tokamak

It is very important to improve the penetration depth and fueling efficiency of supersonic molecular beam injection(SMBI) especially for the next generation fusion devices such as ITER. Two components, a fast component(FC) and a slow component(SC), have been observed in the HL-2A SMBI experiments for several years, and the FC can penetrate much more deeply than the common SMBIs which draws a great deal of attention for a better fueling method. It is the first time to the FC and SC of SMBI have been simulated and interpreted in theory and simulation in this paper with the trans-neut module of the BOUT++ code. The simulation results of the FC and SC are clear and distinguishable in the same way as the observation in experiment. For the major mechanism of the FC and SC, it is found that although the difference in the injection velocity has some effect on the penetration depth difference between the FC and SC, it is mainly caused by the self-blocking effect of the first ionized SMB. We also discuss the influence of the initial plasma density on the FC and SC,and the variation of the SC penetration depth with its injection velocity.     

超声分子束注入密度和宽度对托克马克装置加料深度的影响

基于HL-2A托卡马克装置的真实磁场位形,应用大型边缘等离子体湍流模拟程序BOUT++中的子程序模块trans-neut对不同的超声分子束注入(SMBI)密度和宽度进行模拟.在SMBI过程中,保持单位时间内分子注入个数和注入速度恒定,在恒定通量情况下,通过调整注入分子束密度和宽度来研究SMBI注入深度的变化.研究结果表明:在注入密度较小、注入宽度较大时,SMBI的注入深度更深,分子和原子的分解率和电离率的时空区域较宽.分子分解局域化会抑制全局分解率的增长,而分解局域化又会引发局域分解率的加速增长,进而促进全局分解率的增长,促进效果占优导致在注入速度一定的情况下,恒定通量的分子注入发散角越小,分子注入深度越浅.     

超声辅助制备表面修饰纳米Ca2B6O11及表征

纳米材料的制备及其应用于润滑油摩擦性能研究,对于改善油品的性能和延长设备的使用寿命具有重要的意义。首次采用超声辅助法合成了球型、粒径分布均匀的纳米硼酸钙润滑油添加剂并对其进行了表征。XRD结合热分析发现样品在室温下为非晶态,750℃结晶,且原料配比对晶态没有影响。SEM和TEM分析证明在超声波辅助下可以得到50 nm的超微粒子,而不用超声波的样品粒径为200~300 nm。在超声和搅拌下将2%的添加剂均匀分散在润滑油中,得到成品油。静置观察评价了润滑油的分散性和稳定性。在重负荷车辆与工业齿轮油中试验检验了润滑油的的润滑性能。结果表明,纳米硼酸钙添加剂具有良好的分散性、稳定性和抗磨减摩性能。     

HL-2A装置密度极限附近边缘剪切流和极向剩余胁强的实验研究

报道了HL-2A装置密度极限附近边缘剪切流和极向剩余胁强的最新实验研究结果。研究发现,等离子体密度向Greenwald密度靠近时,等离子体响应由绝热响应向流体动力学响应转变,导致湍流雷诺胁强中的非扩散项——剩余胁强降低,其径向梯度表征的等离子体自发旋转力矩显著降低。边缘极向流的湍性驱动降低进一步导致边缘E×B极向流剪切强度减弱。这些实验结果证明了湍流剩余胁强的降低是导致托卡马克密度极限附近边缘极向剪切层崩塌的关键因素。     

HL-2A充气弹丸注入加料的数值模拟研究

为了提高HL-2A等离子体中弹丸加料深度和加料效率,研制了新型充气弹丸注入加料方法.忽略充气弹丸非加料包层的烧蚀过程,在HL-2A托卡马克位形下,应用Trans-neut程序对沉积在径向归一化磁通ψ=0.9位置处的充气弹丸输运特性及其与本底等离子体自洽的相互作用过程进行了二维数值模拟研究,给出了加料粒子和本底等离子体剖...     

Simulations of the effects of density and temperature profile on SMBI penetration depth based on the HL-2A tokamak configuration

Using the trans-neut module of the BOUT++ code, we study how the fueling penetration depth of supersonic molecular beam injection(SMBI) is affected by plasma density and temperature profiles. The plasma densities and temperatures in L-mode are initialized to be a set of linear profiles with different core plasma densities and temperatures. The plasma profiles are relaxed to a set of steady states with different core plasma densities or temperatures. For a fixed gradient, the steady profiles are characterized by the core plasma density and temperature. The SMBI is investigated based on the final steady profiles with different core plasma densities or temperatures. The simulated results suggest that the SMB injection will be blocked by dense core plasma and high-temperature plasma. Once the core plasma density is set to be N_(i0)= 1.4N_0(N_0= 1 × 10~(19)m~(-3)) it produces a deeper penetration depth. When N_(i0) is increased from 1.4N_0 to 3.9N_0 at intervals of 0.8N_0, keeping a constant core temperature of T_(e0)= 725 eV at the radial position of ψ = 0.65, the penetration depth gradually decreases. Meanwhile, when the density is fixed at N_(i0)= 1.4N_0 and the core plasma temperature T_(e0) is set to 365 eV,the penetration depth increases. The penetration depth decreases as T_(e0) is increased from 365 eV to 2759 eV. Sufficiently large N_(i0) or T_(e0) causes most of the injected molecules to stay in the scrape-off-layer(SOL) region, lowering the fueling efficiency.