INTER-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION SECRETARIAL ENGLISH

Secretarial English learners who will contact with many kinds of people may be required to communicate with people from other countries, intercultural communication is involved in their work in the future, they will meet cultural shock, make cultural mistakes if they learn nothing about it. In order to communicate cross-culture smoothly, they need to acquire cultural differences. But the face is that filling students head with knowledge (of language) almost become the whole thing, cultural differences is neglected in teaching and learning .The main source of their learning -textbooks have not presented materials of culture difference. The learners seem to know little about cultural differences, except a few personal questions that are told not to ask.     

基于多属性效用的桥梁综合性能维养决策算法

近年来，我国交通路网迅猛发展，桥梁结构作为其中的重要载体，不仅要满足技术安全，也要满足社会和经济发展的要求，亟需对桥梁的综合性能进行有效准确地评估，并选取对应维养策略以保证其维养周期内综合性能处于最优状态.首先提出基于模糊评价的多属性效用综合评估法(MAUFE),对桥梁养护规划中的多种性能评估指标进行多属性效用分析；并结合马尔可夫模型、LSTM算法建立桥梁退化过程预测模型；而后建立智能维养决策框架保证维养周期内MAUFE评估结果的最优.评估模型以多属性效用函数将桥梁技术状况评分、全寿命周期费用及可持续性指标转化为反映综合性能的效用值，采用层次分析法和熵权法权重进行融合权重计算(AHP-EW),结合模糊分析理论计算指标隶属度并完成综合性能评估；根据桥梁退化实际观测数据结合数据驱动手段对桥梁性能进行准确预测；建立指定目标及约束下桥梁全寿命维养决策数学模型，采用遗传算法进行求解.最终，选取代表性桥梁对其全寿命周期内的综合性能进行评估，设定不同维养场景分析对比不同的评估指标作为目标与约束对桥梁全寿命周期性能的影响，并对某单体桥梁30a周期内的维养策略进行求解.结果表示，评估方法能充分反映决策者...