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2.
This paper proposes a floating-point genetic algorithm (FPGA) to solve the unit commitment problem (UCP). Based on the characteristics of typical load demand, a floating-point chromosome representation and an encoding–decoding scheme are designed to reduce the complexities in handling the minimum up/down time limits. Strategic parameters of the FPGA are characterized in detail, i.e., the evaluation function and its constraints, population size, operation styles of selection, crossover operation and probability, mutation operation and probability. A dynamic combination scheme of genetic operators is formulated to explore and exploit the FPGA in the non-convex solution space and multimodal objective function. Experiment results show that the FPGA is a more effective technique among the various styles of genetic algorithms, which can be applied to the practical scheduling tasks in utility power systems. 相似文献
3.
介绍了将EWB用于“模拟电子技术”的课堂教学时,虚拟实验测量结果与理论计算值不一致时,如何去分析并解决问题。 相似文献
4.
Kim Dang Phung 《Journal of Differential Equations》2007,240(1):92-124
Using Fourier integral operators with special amplitude functions, we analyze the stabilization of the wave equation in a three-dimensional bounded domain on which exists a trapped ray bouncing up and down infinitely between two parallel parts of the boundary. 相似文献
5.
Fabrication and characteristics of high-speed implant-confined index-guided lateral-current 850-nm vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dang G.T. Mehandru R. Luo B. Ren F. Hobson W.S. Lopata J. Tayahi M. Chu S.N.G. Pearton S.J. Chang W. Shen H. 《Lightwave Technology, Journal of》2003,21(4):1020-1031
Process technology of high-speed implant-apertured index-guide lateral-current-injection top dielectric-mirror quantum-well 850-nm vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) has been developed. Oxygen and helium implantation for aperture definition and extrinsic capacitance reduction, dielectric mirror formation, p- and n-ohmic contact formation, VCSEL resistance, and thermal analysis were investigated. Employing this technology, GaAs/AlGaAs-based 850-nm VCSELs with small signal modulation bandwidths up to 11.5 Gb/s and an eye diagram generated at 12 Gb/s by a pseudorandom bit sequence of 2/sup 31/-1 were achieved. The bit-error rates were below 10/sup -13/. The threshold current is as low as 0.8 mA for 7-/spl mu/m-diameter current apertures and typical slope efficiencies of 0.45-0.5 mA/mW were obtained. 相似文献
6.
Transformations of chemical species formed by the reaction of gaseous BF3 with high pressure and silica preheated at 473 and 1093 K were studied with the use of infrared absorption spectrometry. The species containing -BF2 and the species containing >BF were transformed to each other on the highly-reacted silica depending on the pressure of BF3 in cell, and some of the species containing -BF2 were also desorbed without their transformations to the species containing >BF. H2O played important roles in these transformations. 相似文献
7.
A.N. Al-Omari G.P. Carey S. Hallstein J.P. Watson G. Dang K.L. Lear 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2006,18(11):1225-1227
Increasing copper plated heatsink radii from 0 to 4 /spl mu/m greater than the mesa in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) reduced the measured thermal resistance for a range of device sizes to values 50% lower than previously reported over a range of device sizes. For a 9-/spl mu/m diameter oxide aperture, the larger heatsink increases output power and bandwidth by 131% and 40%, respectively. The lasers exhibit a 3-dB modulation frequency bandwidth up to 9.8 GHz at 10.5 kA/cm/sup 2/. The functional dependence of thermal resistance on oxide aperture diameter indicates the importance of lateral heat flow to mesa sidewalls. 相似文献
8.
ORACLE编程中变量传值的实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
党发宽 《微电子学与计算机》1998,15(3):56-58
本文叙述了使用ORACLE语言编程中实现变量传值的几种方法,给出了实例。 相似文献
9.
Alignment carbon nanotubes (ACNTs) were synthesized on silicon substrate coated with Ni catalyst film and Ta buffer layer by plasma-enhanced hot filament chemical vapor deposition using CH4, NH3, and H2 as the reaction gas, and they were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It is found that the diameter of the bamboo-structured ACNTs is increased from 62 to 177 nm when the substrate temperature was changed from 626 to 756 °C. Their growth rate is enhanced by the substrate temperature in a range of 626-683 °C and it is reversely reduced with the substrate temperature after the substrate temperature is over 683 °C. Beginning with wetting phenomenon, the effects of the substrate temperature on the structure and growth rate of the ACNTs are analyzed. 相似文献
10.