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1.
The miscibility-immiscibility phase transition in binary Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) can be controlled by a coupling between the two components. Here we propose a new scheme that uses coupling-induced pattern formation to test the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM) of topological-defect formation in a quantum phase transition. For a binary BEC in a ring trap we find that the number of domains forming the pattern scales as a function of the coupling quench rate with an exponent as predicted by the KZM. For a binary BEC in an elongated harmonic trap we find a different scaling law due to the transition being spatially inhomogeneous. We perform a "quantum simulation" of the harmonically trapped system in a ring trap to verify the scaling exponent. 相似文献
2.
Giorgini E Conti C Ferraris P Sabbatini S Tosi G Rubini C Vaccari L Gioacchini G Carnevali O 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2010,398(7-8):3063-3072
The aim of this study was to verify the effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus on zebrafish oocyte maturation using FPA (focal plane array) FTIR imaging together with specific biochemical assays (SDS-PAGE, real-time PCR and enzymatic assay). Oocyte growth is prevalently due to a vitellogenic process which consists of the hepatic synthesis of vitellogenin and its selective uptake during maturation. The administration of L. rhamnosus IMC 501 for 10 days induced chemical changes to oocyte composition, promoting the maturation process. Some interesting biochemical features, linked to protein secondary structure (amide I band) and to phospholipidic and glucidic patterns, were detailed by vibrational analysis. The spectroscopic results were supported by the early increase of the lysosomal enzyme involved in the final oocyte maturation, the cathepsin L. This enzyme increases during follicle maturation, with the highest levels in class IV oocytes. In treated females, class III oocytes showed higher cathepsin L gene expression and enzymatic activity, with levels comparable to class IV oocytes isolated from controls; this can be related to the proteolytic cleavage of the higher molecular mass yolk protein components, as evidenced by SDS-PAGE. 相似文献
3.
Tosi G Conti C Giorgini E Ferraris P Garavaglia MG Sabbatini S Staibano S Rubini C 《The Analyst》2010,135(12):3213-3219
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy has been employed to investigate benign (ordinary dermal and Reed nevi), dysplastic and malignant (invasive melanoma) skin lesions through the analysis of spectral changes of melanocytes as well as in the evaluation of the presence of melanin. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis led to a satisfactory separation of malignant from dysplastic and normal melanocytes. Also, on enlarging the clustering with spectra from Reed and dermal nevi, the multivariate analysis segregated well the spectral data into discrete clusters, allowing the obtaining of reliable average spectra for analysis at the molecular level of the main groups or components responsible for the biological and biochemical changes. The most significant spectral characteristics appear to be related to differences in secondary protein structures, in nucleic acid conformation, in intra- and intermolecular bonding. In all cases, supervised and unsupervised spectral analyses resulted in satisfactory agreement with histopathological findings. 相似文献
4.
G. E. De Benedetto F. Catalano L. Sabbatini P. G. Zambonin 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1998,362(1):170-175
This paper is part of a systematic archaeometric investigation aimed at the characterisation of the pigments and related materials (ligand, colour substrate) used in decoration of pottery excavated in the archaeological zone of Canosa (Puglia, Italy). Shards found in thirteen different tombs have been analysed; in this paper samples exhibiting a white colouration have been selected. Both surface (XPS) and bulk (FT-IR) spectroscopies were used which gave complementary information and enabled white pigments to be divided into two groups. Moreover, X-ray diffraction was used in some cases to further support some spectral assignments. The molecular specificity of FT-IR, when applied to the analysis of both pigments and ceramic body, allowed the identification of the various constituents and, hence, provided indirect information on the end-use of the original wares. The potential of the combined use of different spectroscopies to obtain valuable information on both painting materials and technical aspects is shown. 相似文献
5.
Inez D. van der Werf Cosima D. Calvano Francesco Palmisano Luigia Sabbatini 《Analytica chimica acta》2012
A simple protocol, based on Bligh–Dyer (BD) extraction followed by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis, for fast identification of paint binders in single microsamples is proposed. For the first time it is demonstrated that the BD method is effective for the simultaneous extraction of lipids and proteins from complex, and atypical matrices, such as pigmented paint layers. The protocol makes use of an alternative denaturing anionic detergent (RapiGest™) in order to improve efficiency of protein digestion and purification step. Detection of various lipid classes, such as triacylglycerols (TAGs) and phospholipids (PLs), and their oxidation by-products was accomplished, whereas proteins could be identified by peptide mass fingerprinting. The effect of pigments on ageing of lipids and proteins was also investigated. 相似文献
6.
7.
Dr. Kyriaki Manoli Dr. Maria Magliulo Dr. Mohammad Yusuf Mulla M. Sc. Mandeep Singh Prof. Luigia Sabbatini Prof. Gerardo Palazzo Prof. Luisa Torsi 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(43):12562-12576
Thin‐film transistors can be used as high‐performance bioelectronic devices to accomplish tasks such as sensing or controlling the release of biological species as well as transducing the electrical activity of cells or even organs, such as the brain. Organic, graphene, or zinc oxide are used as convenient printable semiconducting layers and can lead to high‐performance low‐cost bioelectronic sensing devices that are potentially very useful for point‐of‐care applications. Among others, electrolyte‐gated transistors are of interest as they can be operated as capacitance‐modulated devices, because of the high capacitance of their charge double layers. Specifically, it is the capacitance of the biolayer, being lowest in a series of capacitors, which controls the output current of the device. Such an occurrence allows for extremely high sensitivity towards very weak interactions. All the aspects governing these processes are reviewed here. 相似文献
8.
De Giglio E Cometa S Cioffi N Torsi L Sabbatini L 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2007,389(7-8):2055-2063
A polyacrylic acid film was synthesized on titanium substrates from aqueous solutions via an electroreductive process for
the first time. This work was done in order to develop a versatile coating for titanium-based orthopaedic implants that acts
as both an effective bioactive surface and an effective anti-corrosion barrier. The chemical structure of the PAA coating
was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to evaluate the
effect of annealing treatment on the morphology of the coatings in terms of their uniformity and porosity. Inductively coupled
plasma mass spectrometry was used to measure ion concentrations in ion release tests performed on Ti-6Al-4V sheets modified
with PAA coatings (annealed and unannealed). Results indicate that the annealing process produces coatings that possess considerable
anti-corrosion performance. Moreover, the availability and the reactivity of the surface carboxylic groups were exploited
in order to graft biological molecules onto the PAA-modified titanium implants. The feasibility of the grafting reaction was
tested using a single aminoacid residue. A fluorinated aminoacid was selected, and the grafting reaction was monitored both
by XPS, using fluorine as a marker element, and via quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements. The success of the grafting
reaction opens the door to the synthesis of a wide variety of PAA-based coatings that are functionalized with selected bioactive
molecules and promote positive reactions with the biological system interfacing the implant while considerably reducing ion
release into surrounding tissues.
Figure Vanadium release from bare Ti-6Al-4V sheets compared with the release from sheets coated with annealed and unannealed electrosynthesised
PAA
Dedicated to Professor P.G. Zambonin on the occasion of his 72nd birthday. 相似文献
9.
Analytical characterization of bioactive fluoropolymer ultra-thin coatings modified by copper nanoparticles 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Cioffi N Ditaranto N Torsi L Picca RA Sabbatini L Valentini A Novello L Tantillo G Bleve-Zacheo T Zambonin PG 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2005,381(3):607-616
Copper–fluoropolymer (Cu-CFx) nano-composite films are deposited by dual ion-beam sputtering. The extensive analytical characterization of these layers reveals that inorganic nanoparticles composed of Cu(II) species are evenly dispersed in a branched fluoropolymer matrix. In particular, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been employed to study the surface chemical composition of the material and to assess how it changes on increasing the copper loading in the composite. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that the copper nanoclusters have a mean diameter of 2–3 nm and are homogeneously in-plane distributed in the composite films. Electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy has been used to study the kinetics of copper release in the solutions employed for the biological tests. The Cu-CFx layers are employed as bioactive coatings capable of inhibiting the growth of target microorganisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Lysteria. The results of the analytical characterization enable a strict correlation to be established among the chemical composition of the material surface, the concentration of copper dissolved in the microorganisms broths, and the bioactivity of the nano-structured layer. 相似文献
10.
The people and places of importance to the history of chemistry in Italy have been reviewed with particular reference to Analytical
Chemistry.
Correspondence: D. Thorburn Burns, The Science Library, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5EQ, Northern Ireland 相似文献