Quantum game approach for capacity allocation decisions under strategic reasoning

From a common point of view, quantum mechanics, psychology, and decision science disciplines try to predict how unruly systems (atomic particles, human behaviors, and decision makers’ choices) might behave in the future. Effective predicting outcome of a capacity allocation game under various allocation policies requires a profound understanding as how strategic reasoning of decision makers contributes to the financial gain of players. A quantum game framework is employed in the current study to investigate how performance of allocation policies is affected when buyers strategize over order quantities. The results show that the degree of being manipulative for allocation mechanisms is not identical and adopting adaptive quantum method is the most effective approach to secure the highest fill rate and profit when it is practiced under a reasonable range of entanglement levels.

     

Aluminum Chloride (Alcl3) Promotes Selective Oxidative Deprotection of Benzylic Trimethylsilyl and Tert- Butyldimethylsilyl Ethers to the Corresponding Carbonyl Compounds with Manganese Dioxide (Mno2)

Various types of trimethylsilyl and tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers of primary and secondary benzylic alcohols could be selectively converted to their corresponding carbonyl compounds with MnO₂ in the presence of AlCl₃ in good to excellent yields.     

Molecular dynamics simulation of ferronanofluid behavior in a nanochannel in the presence of constant and time-dependent magnetic fields

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - For the first time, double phosphates(V) Zn3Cr4(PO4)6 and Mg3Cr4(PO4)6 were synthesized by non-waste solid-state reaction, performed in the temperature...     

Collision problems of random walks in two-dimensional time

The collision problems of two-parameter random walks are studied. That is, some criteria have been established in terms of the characteristic functions of two or more mutually independent random walks in order to determine if they meet infinitly often in certain restricted time sets.     

A new, efficient, and simple method for the synthesis of thiiranes from epoxides under solvent-free conditions

A simple, efficient, and new method has been developed for the synthesis of thiiranes from epoxides through a one-pot reaction of epoxides with diethyl phosphite in the presence of ammonium acetate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate/sulfur/ and acidic alumina under solvent-free conditions using microwave irradiation.     

‘Fixed charge’ chemical derivatization and data dependant multistage tandem mass spectrometry for mapping protein surface residue accessibility

Protein surface accessible residues play an important role in protein folding, protein-protein interactions and protein-ligand binding. However, a common problem associated with the use of selective chemical labeling methods for mapping protein solvent accessible residues is that when a complicated peptide mixture resulting from a large protein or protein complex is analyzed, the modified peptides may be difficult to identify and characterize amongst the largely unmodified peptide population (i.e., the ‘needle in a haystack’ problem). To address this challenge, we describe here the development of a strategy involving the synthesis and application of a novel ‘fixed charge’ sulfonium ion containing lysine-specific protein modification reagent, S,S′-dimethylthiobutanoylhydroxysuccinimide ester (DMBNHS), coupled with capillary HPLC-ESI-MS, automated CID-MS/MS, and data-dependant neutral loss mode MS³ in an ion trap mass spectrometer, to map the surface accessible lysine residues in a small model protein, cellular retinoic acid binding protein II (CRABP II). After reaction with different reagent:protein ratios and digestion with Glu-C, modified peptides are selectively identified and the number of modifications within each peptide are determined by CID-MS/MS, via the exclusive neutral loss(es) of dimethylsulfide, independently of the amino acid composition and precursor ion charge state (i.e., proton mobility) of the peptide. The observation of these characteristic neutral losses are then used to automatically ‘trigger’ the acquisition of an MS³ spectrum to allow the peptide sequence and the site(s) of modification to be characterized. Using this approach, the experimentally determined relative solvent accessibilities of the lysine residues were found to show good agreement with the known solution structure of CRABP II.     

Adsorption of triton X-100 on silica gel: effects of temperature and alcohols

Adsorption of Triton X-100 (TX-100) on silica gel has been studied as a function of temperature (308–328 K) and composition for mixtures of water with ethanol or t-butanol. The adsorption capacity of silica gel for TX-100 decreases with increase in alcohol content. Adsorption isotherms of TX-100 on silica gel are four-region and were analyzed using the ARIAN (adsorption isotherm regional analysis) model. Data in regions 2, 3 and 4 were fitted to the Temkin, bilayer and reverse desorption isotherms, respectively. The results show that adsorption of TX-100 on silica gel in water and alcohol-water binary mixtures occurs mainly through formation of monolayer surface aggregates or low bilayer coverage.      

The Processing of Pyrolysis Fuel Oil by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Torch

In present paper, an atmospheric-pressure low-temperature plasma treatment of pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) was investigated in dielectric barrier discharge plasma torch reactor. The effect of the applied voltage and the volume of feedstock, as the main parameters, on the cracking of PFO were studied. By increasing the applied voltage from 10 to 16 kV, the production rate of hydrocarbons containing methane, ethylene, acetylene, propane, propylene, and C₄ rise 18 times. In this case, the production rate of hydrogen increases by approximately 14 times and reaches 7.27 × 10^?3 mol/min for 16 kV. In the feedstock volume investigation, based on limitation of reactor volume, the production rate of hydrocarbons decreased from 0.44 × 10^?3 to 0.15 × 10^?3 mol/min by increasing volume of feedstock from 1 to 5 cc.     

Selectivity in the addition reactions of organometallic reagents to aziridine-2-carboxaldehydes: the effects of protecting groups and substitution patterns

Good to excellent stereoselectivity has been found in the addition reactions of Grignard and organozinc reagents to N-protected aziridine-2-carboxaldehydes. Specifically, high syn selectivity was obtained with benzyl-protected cis, tert-butyloxycarbonyl-protected trans, and tosyl-protected 2,3-disubstituted aziridine-2-carboxaldehydes. Furthermore, rate and selectivity effects of ring substituents, temperature, solvent, and Lewis acid and base modifiers were studied. The diastereomeric preference of addition is dominated by the substrate aziridines' substitution pattern and especially the electronic character and conformational preferences of the nitrogen protecting groups. To help rationalize the observed stereochemical outcomes, conformational and electronic structural analyses of a series of model systems representing the various substitution patterns have been explored by density functional calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory with the SM8 solvation model to account for solvent effects.     

A First-Passage Kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm for complex diffusion–reaction systems

We develop an asynchronous event-driven First-Passage Kinetic Monte Carlo (FPKMC) algorithm for continuous time and space systems involving multiple diffusing and reacting species of spherical particles in two and three dimensions. The FPKMC algorithm presented here is based on the method introduced in Oppelstrup et al. [10] and is implemented in a robust and flexible framework. Unlike standard KMC algorithms such as the n-fold algorithm, FPKMC is most efficient at low densities where it replaces the many small hops needed for reactants to find each other with large first-passage hops sampled from exact time-dependent Green’s functions, without sacrificing accuracy. We describe in detail the key components of the algorithm, including the event-loop and the sampling of first-passage probability distributions, and demonstrate the accuracy of the new method. We apply the FPKMC algorithm to the challenging problem of simulation of long-term irradiation of metals, relevant to the performance and aging of nuclear materials in current and future nuclear power plants. The problem of radiation damage spans many decades of time-scales, from picosecond spikes caused by primary cascades, to years of slow damage annealing and microstructure evolution. Our implementation of the FPKMC algorithm has been able to simulate the irradiation of a metal sample for durations that are orders of magnitude longer than any previous simulations using the standard Object KMC or more recent asynchronous algorithms.