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We present an efficient scheme for sharing an arbitrary m-qubit state with n agents. In our scheme, the sender Alice first shares m Bell states with the agent Bob, who is designated to recover the original m-qubit state. Furthermore, Alice introduces n- 1 auxiliary particles in the initial state |0), applies Hadamard (H) gate and Controlled-Not (CNOT) gate operations on the particles, which make them entangled with one of m particle pairs in Bell states, and then sends them to the controllers (i.e., other n - 1 agents), where each controller only holds one particle in hand. After Alice performing m Bell-basis measurements and each controller a single-particle measurement, the recover Bob can obtain the original unknown quantum state by applying the corresponding local unitary operations on his particles. Its intrinsic efficiency for qubits approaches 100%, and the total efficiency really approaches the maximal value. 相似文献
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基于灰色统计模型的试题内容效度测量方法研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
首先从内容效度的构成要素以及影响内容效度的诸要素入手,从一般的角度上,构建了试题内容效度的测量指标,然后运用灰色统计方法将专家的主观评估结果进行综合,得到了试题内容效度数量化的评价结论.最后以实例说明其应用. 相似文献
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