Diverse redox-active molecules bearing O-, S-, or Se-terminated tethers for attachment to silicon in studies of molecular information storage

A molecular approach to information storage employs redox-active molecules tethered to an electroactive surface. Attachment of the molecules to electroactive surfaces requires control over the nature of the tether (linker and surface attachment group). We have synthesized a collection of redox-active molecules bearing different linkers and surface anchor groups in free or protected form (hydroxy, mercapto, S-acetylthio, and Se-acetylseleno) for attachment to surfaces such as silicon, germanium, and gold. The molecules exhibit a number of cationic oxidation states, including one (ferrocene), two [zinc(II)porphyrin], three [cobalt(II)porphyrin], or four (lanthanide triple-decker sandwich compound). Electrochemical studies of monolayers of a variety of the redox-active molecules attached to Si(100) electrodes indicate that molecules exhibit a regular mode of attachment (via a Si-X bond, X = O, S, or Se), relatively homogeneous surface organization, and robust reversible electrochemical behavior. The acetyl protecting group undergoes cleavage during the surface deposition process, enabling attachment to silicon via thio or seleno groups without handling free thiols or selenols.     

Characterization of Roasting Time on Sensory Quality,Color, Taste,and Nonvolatile Compounds of Yuan An Yellow Tea

Roasting is crucial for producing Yuan An yellow tea (YAYT) as it substantially affects sensory quality. However, the effect of roasting time on YAYT flavor quality is not clear. To investigate the effect of roasting time on the sensory qualities, chemical components, odor profiles, and metabolic profile of YAYTs produced with 13 min roasting, 16 min roasting, 19 min roasting, 22 min roasting, and 25 min roasting were determined. The YAYTs roasted for 22 min got higher sensory scores and better chemical qualities, such as the content of gallocatechin (GC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), free amino acids, solutable sugar, meanwhile the lightness decreased, the hue of tea brew color (b) increased, which meant the tea brew got darker and yellower. YAYTs roasted for 22 min also increased the contents of key odorants, such as benzaldehyde, nonanal, β-cyclocitral, linalool, nerol, α-cedrol, β-ionone, limonene, 2-methylfuran, indole, and longiborneol. Moreover, non-targeted metabolomics identified up to 14 differentially expressed metabolites through pair-wise comparisons, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, sucrose, and critical metabolites, which were the main components corresponding to YAYT roasted for 22 min. In summary, the current results provide scientific guidance for the production of high quality YAYT.     

一种高性能太阳敏感器复合光学系统设计

以夫朗禾费衍射理论为基础,结合微透镜,设计了一种高性能的数字式太阳敏感器复合光学系统。分析了光学系统的组成,建立了光学系统的数学模型,设计了光学系统的焦距、孔径和微透镜参量,并进行了成像的数值仿真。仿真结果表明,与基于掩模的光学系统相比,这种新型的复合光学系统成像光斑能量分布集中,保证计算光斑中心位置的高精度,使敏感器具有大视场和高精度的特点。     

聚苯乙烯芪盐L—B膜的二阶非线性光学性质研究

首次合成了一种称之为聚苯乙烯芪盐的有机高分子材料.此材料可以在水面上形成稳定的单分子层膜,并且所形成的单分子层膜可以转移到固体衬底上去.对聚苯乙烯芪盐单分子层膜进行光学二次谐波产生测量,得到聚苯乙烯芪盐对应于每个发色团的二阶非线性极化率为1.2×10~(-28)esu.制备了该材料两种不同类型的多层膜,讨论了多层膜二次谐波产生信号不随层数增加而增加的可能原因.     

高压下Al0.77Mn0.19Yb0.04合金准晶T相的形成及结构

利用静高压(4.2GPa)熔态(1300℃)淬火(10~2℃/S)方法,对含稀土的铝锰合金Al_(0.77)Mn_(0.10)Yb_(0.04)进行了研究。首次发现了准晶T相的形成。利用选区透射电子衍射技术,对合金中准晶态的结构对称性进行了观察和分析。根据X射线和电子衍射对其衍射峰进行了指标化。使用扫描电镜和能谱技术进行了成份分析。     

Structural features of melts in the In-Bi system

A testing device for the resistivity of high-temperature melt was adopted to measure the resistivity of In-Bi system melts at different temperatures. The resistivity of In_xBi_100−x(x=0-100) melt is in linear relationship with temperature, which is within the temperature measuring range. The resistivity of melt lowers with the increase of the In content. Based on Nordheim law and combined with the experimental resistivity of In-Bi melts, we verified the existence of InBi atom clusters and estimated the mole fraction of the InBi atom clusters in the melt, and the estimated value shows fine consistency with the result in literature [1]. The study reveals that the structural feature of In-Bi melts can be briefly divided into two intervals: in the interval of 0-50 at% In, the structural feature of the melt is that InBi atom clusters distribute in matrices, which have similar properties of Bi; in the interval of 50 at%-100 at% In, the structural feature of the melt is that InBi atom clusters distribute in matrices, which have similar properties of In. The content of InBi atom clusters in In₅₀Bi₅₀ melts reaches a higher value when the temperature is cooled down to a point, which is 152 K above the melting point. At the same time, the melts have an obvious fluctuation of concentration, which leads to that the resistivity of the melts deviates from the linear relationship at high temperature.     

利用拖线阵运动特性的阵形估计方法

有效估计阵形是提高机动条件下拖线阵声呐探测性能的关键,流体力学类阵形估计方法稳定性和可靠性欠佳,导致其难以应用于工程实际,该文针对此问题提出一种基于拖线阵运动特性的阵形估计方法。利用稳态振荡响应公式计算拖船回转机动时拖线阵稳态阵形特性,将转向机动过程中阵上各点运动状态划分为若干阶段,进而依据偏微分方程特征线理论计算各阶段的分界时刻,探究阵上相邻两点的沿阵切线方向差变化规律,最后通过计算当前阵上各点的沿阵方向实现阵形估计。计算机仿真和海上实验数据验证表明算法可行且有效,与传统的流体力学类阵形估计方法相比具有更高的稳定性和更好的工程应用前景。     

计及污垢影响的换热器热优化

本文利用熵产生数方法研究了气体和液体传热介质的顺流、逆流换热器的热力学完善性，结果表明，如给定冷、热流体的入口温度，在综合考虑传热、流动阻力和污垢的情况下，可用优化方法确定其它参数。     

原子相干性对 V型三能级原子自发辐射的影响

本文分别就两种模型,即三能级原子与单模场和双模场的V型相互作用,研究了原子相干性对原子自发辐射的影响.发现在单模情况,原子相干性导致原子自发辐射的消除;而在双模情况,两个跃迁通道的自发辐射是相互独立的,原子相干性不导致原子自发辐射的消除.     

江西宜黄中华秋沙鸭自然保护区鱼类资源初步调查

2012年7月,对江西宜黄中华秋沙鸭自然保护区的鱼类资源展开初步调查。结果显示,该保护区分布有鱼类4目7科25种,兴凯鱊、棒花鱼、鲫为优势种,且渔获量丰富、鱼类个体较小。同时分析了保护区面临的潜在威胁,并提出了相应的保护措施。更多还原