Synthesis of nonracemic allylic hydroxy phosphonates via alkene cross metathesis

Allylic hydroxy phosphonates and their derivatives can be interconverted by using cross metathesis with second generation Grubbs catalyst. The absolute stereochemistry of the starting phosphonate is conserved in the product. Cross metathesis reaction of the acrolein-derived phosphonate 2a yields a series of functionalized allylic hydroxy phosphonates. However, the cross metathesis reaction is often accompanied by competing dimerization and alkene migration reactions leading to a reduction in yield. The cinnamaldehyde- and crotonaldehyde-derived phosphonates 2b and 2c were also examined. In general, the metathesis reactions of phosphonates 2b and 2c are considerably slower than those for phosphonate 2a leading to mixtures. Several hydroxyl-protected derivatives of the phosphonate 2a (methyl carbonate 3a, acetate 4a, N-tosyl carbamate 5a, TBDMS 6a, and acetoacetate 7a) undergo metathesis without competing side reactions to give substituted allylic phosphonates in good to excellent yield.     

Kinetics and mechanism of mercury(II)-catalysed replacement of cyanide in hexacyanoferrate(II) by p-nitrosodiphenylamine

The mercury(II)-catalysed replacement of cyanide in hexacyanoferrate(II) by p-nitrosodiphenylamine (p-NDA) in aqueous solution has been investigated spectrophotometrically by measuring the change in absorbance of the green complex ion, [Fe(CN)(5).p-NDA](3-), at 640 nm. Activation parameters of the catalysed and uncatalysed reactions have been calculated. The effects of the dielectric constant and water content of the medium on reaction rates are used to explain the formation of a polar activated complex and suggest an I(d) mechanism for the catalysed reaction. The varying catalytic activity of Hg(II) as a function of concentration has been discussed.     

Generation of excess minority carriers in mos devices due to gamma irradiation

The effect of gamma irradiation on MOS devices prepared under different oxidation conditions Is investigated. The C-V characteristics of the devices are studied before and after exposing the latter with gamma radiations of CO⁶⁰ (1.17 and 1.33 MeV gamma rays). For MOS transistor (n-channel depletion type devices) the C-V characteristics change slightly towards the negative voltage axis and the C_min also decreases after Irradiation. For MOS capacitor (wet oxide) there is a change from high frequency C-V characteristics to low frequency C-V characteristics. In the case of a MOS capacitor (HCl grown) breakdown occurs relatively at lower voltage.     

On slow motion of a sphere in a viscous liquid

Stokes’ and Seth’s solutions for the slow motion of a sphere in a viscous, incompressible liquid have been discussed from the viewpoint of the structure of the velocity field and its relation to the drag of the sphere. The problem is analysed from a different angle in this paper. It is believed that it throws more light on thephysics of the problem.     

After-Effects of Electrolytically diffused hydrogen in the second-order elastic coefficient of poynting’s effect in nickel and steel

Summary If hydrogen is diffused electrolytically in a metal, it subsequently escapes out if the metal is left to itself. However this hydrogen-treated metal does not totally regain the original magnitudes of its various physical properties,e. g., thermo e.m.f., electrical resistivity, elastic modulii etc. This effect has also been observed in the second-order elastic effect (the Poynting effect) in nickel and two varieties of steel. Measurements were carried out first before hydrogen diffusion. The samples were electrolytically diffused with hydrogen and the left to themselves for a few days and the measurements were repeated. The changed values of the coefficient of Poynting effect are discussed in terms of the dislocations created by in-and out-going hydrogen. Now retired     

Thermo-e.m.f. anisotropy in magnetic films of Co and Ni and its comparison with anisotropy in electrical conductivity

Summary Films of cobalt and nickel were electroplated in the presence of an external magnetic-induction field. This resulted in the deposition of magnetic films which show, in addition to a magnetic anisotropy, also thermo-e.m.f. anisotropy. The latter is a new effect, not deriving from the anisotropy in electrical conduction deduced earlier by Kornevet al. on the basis of measurements of transmission coefficients of polarized RF field.     

Mössbauer spectroscopy study of iron corrosion underneath painting system

The effect of pigments on the development of corrosion products between the painting system and metal surface when exposed to marine environments has been discussed. The pigments studied were; Red Mud Zinc chromate, Zinc chromate, Red oxide Zinc Phosphate, Manganese Phosphate Barium chromate and Basic Lead Silico Chromate. Mossbauer Spectroscopy revealed that the upper rust layer in all the cases consisted of-Fe203,-FeOOH and-FeOOH. The lower rust layer immediately in contact with the metal surface consisted of an asymmetrical doublet due to -FeOOH.     

Directional couplers in trapped image guide configuration

Dispersion characteristics and wave impedance of trapped coupled image guides are computed by using mode matching techniques. Dispersion curves for trapped coupled image guide are plotted for various dielectric materials and dimensional parameters. The hybrid directional couplers in the above configuration have been theoretically designed by computing the normalization propagation constant.     

Structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric and magnetotransport properties in Ge doped Ni-Mn-Sb Heusler alloys

The effect of Ge substitution on the magnetic, magnetocaloric and transport properties of Ni₄₅Co₅Mn₃₈Sb_12−xGe_x (x=0-3) has been investigated. The decrease in the exchange interaction brought by Ge substitution can be seen from the reduction in the magnetization of austenite phase and the increase in the martensitic transition temperature. The magnetocaloric effect and the magnetoresistance values are found to be quite sensitive to small changes in Sb/Ge ratio. Taking into account various properties, the present series seems to be a promising multifunctional system.