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George Lagogiannis Christos Makris Athanasios Tsakalidis 《Journal of Discrete Algorithms》2006,4(1):106-141
We consider the problem of maintaining a dynamic ordered set of n integers in a universe U under the operations of insertion, deletion and predecessor queries. The computation model used is a unit-cost RAM, with a word length of w bits, and the universe size is |U|=2w. We present a data structure that uses O(|U|/log|U|+n) space, performs all the operations in O(loglog|U|) time and needs O(loglog|U|/logloglog|U|) structural changes per update operation. The data structure is a simplified version of the van Emde Boas' tree introducing, in its construction and functioning, new concepts, which help to keep the important information for searching along the path of the tree, in a more compact and organized way. 相似文献
3.
A number of thiosemicarbazones of 2‐acetyl‐imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine were prepared in order to investigate their in vitro antineoplastic activities. Three compounds: (i) 2‐acetylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridin‐4‐ sec ‐butyl‐3‐thiosemicarbazone [(A7), NSC674098], (ii) 2‐acetylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridin‐4‐tert‐butyl‐3‐thiosemi‐carbazone [(A9), NSC674099], (iii) 2‐acetylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridin‐4‐cyclohexyl‐3‐thiosemicarbozone [(A11), NSC674101] showed remarkable activity against some of the cell lines tested. The Biological Evaluation Committee of N.C.I. determined that further secondary testing should be carried out (these compounds were tested against prostate cancer). 相似文献
4.
To develop solid-phase synthesis of phosphinic peptides, different FmocXaaPsi{PO(OAd)CH(2)}XaaOH building blocks have been prepared, where Fmoc is (fluorenylmethoxy)carbonyl. In this respect, the protection of the hydroxyphosphinyl function in these phosphinic dipeptides by the adamantyl group turns out to be convenient. The phosphinic adamantyl esters are completely stable in basic conditions and can be removed under relatively mild acidic conditions. Using these building blocks, despite the bulkiness of the adamantyl group, no particular problem of coupling was observed during the solid-phase synthesis of phosphinic peptides by the Fmoc strategy. The developed methodology is of particular interest to facilitate the development of potent inhibitors of zinc-metalloproteases. 相似文献
5.
Apostolidis A Lehmann H Schwotzer G Willsch R Prior A Wolfgang J Klimant I Wolfbeis OS 《Journal of chromatography. A》2002,955(2):183-189
On-line coupling continuous-flow liquid membrane extraction (CFLME) with HPLC, a novel automatic system was developed for the determination of sulfonylurea herbicides in water. After an automatic trace-enrichment process by CFLME, which is the combination of continuous flow liquid-liquid extraction and support liquid membrane (SLM) extraction, the target analytes were concentrated in 50 microl of 0.2 M Na2CO3-NaHCO3 (pH 10.0) buffer. The concentrated sample solutions were injected directly onto a C18 analytical column with a valve, and detected at 240 nm with a diode array detector. Metsulfuron methyl (MSM), and DPX-A 7881 were baseline separated with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and 67 mM KH2PO4-Na2HPO4 (pH 5.91) buffer (45+55, v+v) at a flow-rate of 1.0 ml min(-1). With an enrichment time of 10 min and enrichment sample volume of 20 ml, the enrichment factors and detection limits are 100 and 0.05 microg l(-1) for MSM, and 96 and 0.1 microg l(-1) for DPX-A 7881, respectively. The linear range and precision (RSD) are 0.1-50 microg l(-1) and 7.0% for MSM, and 0.2-50 microg l(-1) and 9.2% for DPX-A 7881, respectively. This proposed method was applied to determine MSM and DPX-A 7881 in seawater, tap water, and bottled mineral water with spiked recoveries in the range of 83-95% for MSM and 88-100% for DPX-A 7881, respectively. 相似文献
6.
Experimental dipole moments of a number of the title compounds are given and theoretical dipole moments have been calculated by vector addition for all possible conformations. The graphical method has been used to correlate experimental and calculated dipole moments. The more probable conformation in solution of the title compounds and especially of the imide group is proposed. 相似文献
7.
Summary A gas Chromatographic procedure for the analysis of carbamates is described. A specially prepared reaction tube, packed with a 10 % mixture of potassium hydroxide in glass beads, is placed inside the injection port of a Perkin-Elmer 900 Gas Chromatograph, in front of the Chromatographic column packed with Porapak Q. S.A solution of the carbamates (0.01–0.1mol) is injected directly into the gas Chromatograph. The carbamates are reacted with the alkali present in the reaction tube and the alcohols produced are separated, detected and recorded. Standard calibration graphs of the alcohols are prepared in the same manner and the quantities of carbamates are determined. The procedure is fast and quantitative.
For Part II see Mikrochim. Acta [Wien]1966, 55. Inquiries and requests for reprints of this series of papers should be addressed to Prof. T. S. Ma, Department of Chemistry, City University of New York, Brooklyn, N.Y. 11210, U.S.A. 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Ein gaschromatisches Verfahren für die Analyse von Carbamaten wurde beschrieben. Ein spezielles Reaktionsrohr, beschickt mit 10% iger Kalilauge auf Glasperlen, wird innerhalb der Injektionsöffnung eines Gaschromatographen Perkin-Elmer 900 vor dem mit Poropak Q. S. gefüllten Chromatographierohr angebracht. Die Carbamatlösung (0,01 bis 0,1 Mol) wird direkt injiziert. Die Carbamate reagieren mit dem im Reaktionsrohr befindlichen Alkali, die dabei entstandenen Alkohole werden getrennt, nachgewiesen und registriert. In gleicher Weise ermittelte Standard-Eichkurven der Alkohole dienen zur Bestimmung der Carbamate. Das Verfahren ist rasch und quantitativ.
For Part II see Mikrochim. Acta [Wien]1966, 55. Inquiries and requests for reprints of this series of papers should be addressed to Prof. T. S. Ma, Department of Chemistry, City University of New York, Brooklyn, N.Y. 11210, U.S.A. 相似文献
8.
The perturbation of multiqubit systems by an external noise can induce various effects like decoherence, stochastic resonance and anti-resonance, and noise-shielding. We investigate how the appearance of these effects on disentanglement time depends on the initial preparation of the systems. We present results for 2-, 3- and 4-qubit chains in various arrangements and observe a clear dependence on the combination of initial geometry of the state space and the placement of noise. Finally, we see that temperature can play a constructive role for the control of these noise induced effects. 相似文献
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10.
A mathematical model is constructed and solved that could describe the dynamic behavior of the adsorption of a solute of interest in single and stratified columns packed with partially fractal porous adsorbent particles. The results show that a stratified column bed whose length is the same as that of a single column bed, provides larger breakthrough times and a higher dynamic utilization of the adsorptive capacity of the particles than those obtained from the single column bed, and the superior performance of the stratified bed becomes especially more important when the superficial velocity of the flowing fluid stream in the column is increased to accommodate increases in the system throughput. This occurs because the stratified column bed provides larger average external and intraparticle mass transfer and adsorption rates per unit length of packed column. It is also shown that increases in the total number of recursions of the fractal and the ratio of the radii between larger and smaller microspheres that make up the partially fractal particles, increase the intraparticle mass transfer and adsorption rates and lead to larger breakthrough times and dynamic utilization of the adsorptive capacity of the particles. The results of this work indicate that highly efficient adsorption separations could be realized through the use of a stratified column comprised from a practically reasonable number of sections packed with partially fractal porous adsorbent particles having reasonably large (i) total number of recursions of the fractal and (ii) ratio of the radii between larger and smaller microspheres from which the partially fractal particles are made from. It is important to mention here that the physical concepts and modeling approaches presented in this work could be, after a few modifications of the model, applied in studying the dynamic behavior of chemical catalysis and biocatalysis in reactor beds packed with partially fractal porous catalyst particles. 相似文献