对问题1627的质疑

1.对于问题1626的繁琐解答,我们陆续收到了很多读者的来信,对其予以改进.由于来函较多,而此问题的改进解法确又非常简单(通过连线,利用勾股定理或余弦定理即可解出.当然还有其它简单解法),在此我们就不再选用新的解法刊出了.另外,北京的贺信淳老师对我们所选题目也进行了批评,我们诚恳地表示接受并对贺老师及所有给我们来信的老师表示衷心的感谢.今后,我们会继续努力,加强自身建设,争取和作者们一道把问题栏越办越好.真诚地欢迎关心爱护我们的读、作者随时给我们提出宝贵的意见及建议.感谢大家对问题栏的支持.2.对于问题1627解答的错误,读者们给出了很多不同的正确解答.根据来稿时间及解答方法,我们选用了湖南师大梁红梅等三位老师合写的文章,对原解答予以纠正.对其它提供正确解答的老师,我们在此一并表示感谢.     

光纤探头式分光光度计在丙酮碘化反应动力学研究中的应用

丙酮的碘化反应——作为复杂反应的一个例子,是研究化学反应动力学时常被选用的一个物理化学实验。在该实验中,常用72型分光光度计通过间歇取样的方法,测出不同反应时刻反应物碘的浓度,经作图计算求得反应的速度常数。显然这种方法既费时又麻烦,且误差也较大。近几年来,光纤传感器的出现为我们提供了一种快速简便,可连续进行测量的分析     

思维定势对初一应用题学习的消极影响及其防止方法

思维定势是心理学的一个概念。它指的是人们长期形成的一种习惯的思维方向,或者说人们按习惯了的比较固定的思路去考虑问进和解决,问题的一种方式。它有积极的一面,也有消极的一面。其积极的一面,能使学生在学习与旧知识类似的新知识时得以较快地理解和掌握,获得较好的学习效果。共消极的一     

(NH4)2MoS4在活性炭上浸渍过程的研究:Ⅱ.干燥机理及模型

（ＮＨ＿４）＿２ＭｏＳ＿４在活性炭上浸渍过程的研究Ⅱ．干燥机理及模型秦慧芳，张成芳，陆岗，俞丰，朱子彬（华东理工大学无机化工研究所，上海２００２３７）２３７）关键词硫代钼酸铵，活性炭，干燥，钼分布，干燥模型负载型催化剂的活性组分在载体上的分布，受浸渍...     

Liposomes as signal amplification reagents for bioassays in microfluidic channels

Liposomes with encapsulated carboxyfluorescein were used in an affinity-based assay to provide signal amplification for small-volume fluorescence measurements. Microfluidic channels were fabricated by imprinting in a plastic substrate material, poly(ethylene terephthalate glycol) (PETG), using a silicon template imprinting tool. Streptavidin was linked to the surface through biotinylated-protein for effective immobilization with minimal nonspecific adsorption of the liposome reagent. Lipids derivatized with biotin were incorporated into the liposome membrane to make the liposomes reactive for affinity assays. Specific binding of the liposomes to microchannel walls, dependence of binding on incubation time, and nonspecific adsorption of the liposome reagent were evaluated. The results of a competitive assay employing liposomes in the microchannels are presented.     

Bayesian analysis and inference from QSAR predictive model results

QSAR models have been under development for decades but acceptance and utilization of model results have been slow, in part, because there is no widely accepted metric for assessing their reliability. We reapply a method commonly used in quantitative epidemiology and medical decision-making for evaluating the results of screening tests to assess reliability of a QSAR model. It quantifies the accuracy (expressed as sensitivity and specificity) of QSAR models as conditional probabilities of correct and incorrect classification of chemical characteristic, given a true characteristic. Using Bayes formula, these conditional probabilities are combined with prior information to generate a posterior distribution to determine the probability a specific chemical has a particular characteristic, given a model prediction. As an example, we apply this approach to evaluate the predictive reliability of a CATABOL model and base on it a "ready" and "not ready" biodegradability classification. Finally, we show how predictive capability of the model can be improved by sequential use of two models, the first one with high sensitivity and the second with high specificity.     

普通型电子捕获检测器在毛细柱气体色谱仪上的应用

七十年代初,由于毛细柱内壁处理技术的新发展,一度冷落下来的毛细柱气体色谱重新获得了快速进展。现在,毛细柱气体色谱的应用已日益增长,其中内壁涂层毛细柱(SCOT)与高灵敏度的选择性电子捕获检测器结合的方法,在环境污染物分析及其他痕量分析方面受到了相当的重视。我们针对毛细柱的特点,改造了普通填充柱用的电子捕获检测器,试验了若干参数对检测器的影响,并已应用于若干有机含卤化合物的分析。一、仪器和试剂仪器: 改装的Hewlett Packard 5750型(HP-5750)气体色谱仪。检定器:~(63)Ni电子捕获检测器。色谱柱:1％SE-30(SCOT)玻璃毛细柱,长33m,内径0.27mm。试剂均为分析纯。二、仪器改装 1.减少汽化室体积从进样口至进样器的85mm处,装入一根不锈钢管(外径4mm,内径3mm)内衬经硅烷     

Reversible polymerization driven by folding

Bisfunctionalized m-phenylene ethynylene imine oligomers were polymerized in the polar solvent acetonitrile, resulting in high-molecular weight poly(m-phenylene ethynylene imine)s. It is hypothesized that this polymerization, which proceeds through the reversible metathesis of imine bonds, is driven by the folding of the long m-phenylene ethynylene imine chains. Upon conducting the polymerization in a series of solvents in which the m-phenylene ethynylene oligomers exhibit different folding stabilities, it was possible to correlate the molecular weight of the resulting poly(m-phenylene ethynylene imine)s with the helical stability of the corresponding oligomers. The polymerization was also demonstrated to be reversible and responsive to solvent and temperature changes.     

Coulometric titration of acids in non-aqueous solvents

Coulometric titrations of mineral acids, sulphonic acids, carboxylic acids, enols, imides and phenols have been carried out in t-butanol or in acetone with electrically generated tetrabutylammonium hydroxide. Either a potentiometric titration or a visual indicator end-point may be used. The amount of acid titrated ranges from 10 to 60 muequiv, and the precision and accuracy of the method are excellent.