On the optimal strategy of stochastic-based reliability assessment of railway bridges for high-speed trains

Meccanica - The scope of this paper is to evaluate the performance and computational efficiency of various stochastic simulation methods for a stochastic based reliability assessment of railway...     

Photoactive Nanostructures of Polypyrrole

The creation of nanostructures of the photoactive polymer polypyrrole (PPy) on glass substrates with the spin‐coating method is described. No additional post‐production treatment is necessary to obtain uniformly distributed photoactive nanostructures on macroscopically scaled substrates. Based on X‐ray reflectivity measurements, the critical solution concentration of PPy below which these nanostructures develop is determined. The PPy nanostructures are displayed with atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements, which prove that the nanostructures form directly on the substrate. With UV/Vis spectroscopy the absorption behavior of the nanostructures is probed in comparison to PPy films and PPy solutions. A linear dependence of the absorption of the nanostructure on the surface coverage measured with AFM is detected. The influence of confinement on the conjugation length results in a modified absorption behavior of the nanostructures.