A New Method for Rotation and Brightness Invariant Pattern Recognition Based on Modified Multiple Circular Harmonic Expansions

A new method for rotation and brightness invariant pattern recognition was proposed by applying multiple circular harmonic expansions to the joint transform correlator. The amplitudes of the multiple orders of circular harmonic expansions made from a detecting image were synthetically modified to respond to the same auto-correlation peaks. These modified circular harmonic expansions were arranged in the input plane as reference patterns together with an arbitrary target pattern, and the correlation signals between them were calculated in the subtracted joint transform correlator. The fraction of the correlation-peak intensities between the target and the references were extracted as a new discrimination parameter. This new parameter performs pattern recognition under rotation and brightness invariance with good discriminability. Its high discriminability has been proved in computer simulations using the face image patterns of many individuals.     

Cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers initiated by phosphorus compounds containing halogens

Polymerization of vinyl monomers having large negative e values in the presence of phosphorus compounds containing halogens was studied in order to examine the cationic initiation ability of phosphorus compounds. N-Vinylcarbazole was effectively polymerized by phosphorus compounds such as PCI₃, PBr₃, PCI₂C₆H₅, PCI(C₆H₅)₂, POCI₃, and POCI₂C₆H₅ even in benzene. The initiation ability of phosphorus compounds decreased in the order; PCI₂ ? PBr₃ > PCI₂C₆H₅ > PCI(C₆H₅)₂, and also POCI₃ > POCI₂₆₅. On the other hand, PCI₃ and PBr₃, which were less effective than POCI₃, showed initiation ability for the polymerizations of styrene and α-methylstyrene in nitrobenzene as a solvent. The results of the copolymerization of styrene with methyl methacrylate by PCI₃ in nitrobenzene, the result of solvent dielectric constant effect, and the effect of additives such as water, tert-butyl chloride, triethylamine, and hydroquinone, indicate the polymerization of styrene by PCI₃ to proceed by a cationic mechanism.     

Facile Synthesis of Oxamides by Efficient Trapping of Carbamoyl Lithiums with Isocyanates

Unsymmetrical oxamides are conveniently synthesized in good yields by a new trapping reaction of unstable carbamoyl lithiums with isocyanates.     

Implementation of two-dimensional lock-in detector array using BSO spatial light modulator

A BSO spatial light modulator (BSO-SLM) was operated applying ac voltage. The basic properties of the operation correspond to those in a usual lock-in detector and a 2-dimensional lock-in detector array (2D-LOCKIN) was implemented by the optical modulator. The properties of the 2D-LOCK-IN using a BSO-SLM were investigated theoretically and experimentally. As an application of the 2D-LOCK-IN, oscillating amplitude were observed on simple vibrating objects.     

Dolbeault cohomology groups of compact pseudo-Kähler homogeneous manifolds

It is well known that a pseudo-Kähler structure is one of the natural generalizations of a Kähler structure. In this paper, we consider the Dolbeault cohomology groups of compact pseudo-Kähler homogeneous manifolds.     

Dual Emission from Precious Metal-Free Luminophores Consisting of C,H, O,Si, and S/P at Room Temperature

Fluorescence–phosphorescence dual-emissive compounds are valuable tools for ratiometric luminescence sensing. Herein, it is reported that 2,5-bis(phenylsulfonyl)- and 2,5-bis[bis(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphinyl]-1,4-disiloxybenzenes exhibit dual emission with emission peaks that were easily identified without performing time-gated measurement. The disiloxybenzenes in powder simultaneously fluoresced and phosphoresced at 358–374 and 457–470 nm, respectively, under vacuum. The intensity ratios of the phosphorescence/fluorescence maxima of the disiloxybenzenes in powder and in a thin film of poly(methyl methacrylate) were sensitive to temperature and molecular oxygen, respectively. The plots of the relative intensity versus temperature or partial pressure of molecular oxygen were well fitted with calibration curves defined by an exponential approximation with excellent correlation coefficients R² (0.9708–0.9921), demonstrating the high potential of the disiloxybenzenes as precious metal-free probes applicable to ratiometric luminescence sensing.     

AlCl3-catalyzed tandem acetylation of hydroarylated [60]fullerenes

The AlCl3-catalyzed acetylation of 1,2-hydrophenylated [60]fullerenes, HC60-Ar, proceeded via a sequential manner involving the acetylation at the hydrogenated fullerene carbon, the following intramolecular cyclization with the adjacent aryl group, the facile loss of water, and the second acetylation of the generated indenylidene double bond. However, the similar reaction of the hydrobiphenylated analogue brought about the normal acetylation at the terminal aromatic ring prior to the same sequential reactions as did hydrophenylated fullerenes.