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1.
Models, describing relativistic particles, where Lagrangian densities depend linearly on both the curvature and the torsion of the trajectories, are revisited in D=3 space forms. The moduli spaces of trajectories are completely and explicitly determined using the Lancret program. The moduli subspaces of closed solitons in the three sphere are also determined. 相似文献
2.
Summary A new, rapid and simple method is described and applied to resolve and quantify mixtures of prednisolone, Zn-bacitracin and phenylephrine. The determination was accomplished by MEKC. The separation was carried out at 25 °C and 30 kV, using a 5 mM phosphate-5 mM borate buffer (pH=8.2), 40 mM SDS as background electrolyte. Under these conditions, the run time was 6.6 min and the limits of quantification were about 1.0 mg L–1 for every component. Repeatability and reproducibility studies were achieved showing no significant differences at 95% confidence level. The MEKC method has been applied for quantifying these compounds in different commercials pharmaceuticals products, without separations steps. 相似文献
3.
P. Baltazar V. H. Lara G. Córdoba R. Arroyo 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2006,37(2):129-133
Samples of TiO2 doped with 2 and 5 mol% of Cu2+ were prepared by the sol-gel process. Titanium(IV) isopropoxide and copper(II) nitrate were used as precursors. The samples
were prepared as monolithic shapes, dried at 80°C for 72 h and heat treated at various temperatures in the range 200–900°C
for 2 h. The structural transformation and texture of the samples were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and
nitrogen adsorption. Significant changes were observed during the crystallization process; on the one hand, the crystallization
profiles show that crystallization occurs uniformly and is practically insensitive to the dopant concentration, but when the
transformation at a given temperature is followed as a function of time, the rate of the amorphous-anatase transformation
is larger for the sample containing 2 mol% Cu2+. Electron spin resonance (ESR) results show that in this sample there is no segregation of Cu2+ ions. The sample containing 2 mol% of Cu2+ was selected for the kinetic studies and the temperatures selected were 300, 325, 350, 375 and 400°C, which were taken from
the amorphous to anatase crystallization profile. An activation energy of 137 ± 4 kJ/mol for the crystallization process was
estimated from the kinetic data. These results showed that the effect of the open structure present in the TiO2 amorphous phase provides the atomic mobility required for the crystallization. On the other hand, the differences in the
crystallization rate due to the amount of Cu2+ were explained by the segregation of copper ions to the surface of the samples. 相似文献
4.
Use of intermittent jets to enhance flux in crossflow filtration 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper deals with the influence of a new flow unsteadiness on the permeate fluxes in crossflow filtration. A pneumatically controlled valve generates intermittent jets from the main flow, causing the formation of large vortices moving downstream along the tubular membrane. The main results of the numerical calculation of such flows are given. The experimental study was carried out by filtering a bentonite suspension through an ultrafiltration mineral membrane. Time evolutions of flux were achieved in steady and unsteady operating conditions. Results concerning the influence and limits of the nozzle to tube diameter ratio and the jet velocities are discussed. The applicability of such an unsteady flow is examined with a view to effects on energy consumption and possible viscosity effects. 相似文献
5.
McFarland KS Naples D Arroyo CG Auchincloss P de Barbaro P Bazarko AO Bernstein RH Bodek A Bolton T Budd H Conrad J Drucker RB Harris DA Johnson RA Kim JH King BJ Kinnel T Koizumi G Koutsoliotas S Lamm MJ Lefmann WC Marsh W McNulty C Mishra SR Nienaber P Nussbaum M Oreglia MJ Perera L Quintas PZ Romosan A Sakumoto WK Schumm BA Sciulli FJ Seligman WG Shaevitz MH Smith WH Spentzouris P Steiner R Stern EG Vakili M Yang UK 《Physical review letters》1995,75(22):3993-3996
6.
Arroyo CG King BJ Bachmann KT Bazarko AO Bolton T Foudas C Lefmann WC Leung WC Mishra SR Oltman E Quintas PZ Rabinowitz SA Sciulli FJ Seligman WG Shaevitz MH Merritt FS Oreglia MJ Schumm BA Bernstein RH Borcherding F Fisk HE Lamm MJ Marsh W Merritt KW Schellman HM Yovanovitch DD Bodek A Budd HS de Barbaro P Sakumoto WK Kinnel T Sandler PH Smith WH 《Physical review letters》1994,72(22):3452-3455
7.
Durán JD Ramos-Tejada MM Arroyo FJ González-Caballero F 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2000,229(1):118-122
Because of their particular electric surface properties and crystal structure, most clay minerals possess a very high ion exchange capacity. Furthermore, the surface charge distribution is anisotropic: while faces of the laminar clay particles have a negative, pH-independent charge, edges may be positive or negative, depending on pH. In this work, we propose to contribute new data on particle-particle interaction and charge distribution, by means of measurements of the low-frequency dielectric dispersion (LFDD) of the clay suspensions. Because of the nonspherical shape of clay particles, there are no theoretical models capable of explaining the experimental relaxation spectra. Hence, we limit ourselves to obtaining indirect information by comparing LFDD spectra in different experimental conditions. The quantities of interest in LFDD are the value of the low-frequency dielectric constant, epsilon'(r)(0), and the characteristic or relaxation frequency, omega(cr). These two parameters were measured varying the weight fraction, straight phi, of clay (0.5, 1, and 1.5% w/v) and the pH of the dispersion medium (5, 7, and 9), while maintaining the ionic strength constant ([NaCl]=10(-4) M). It was found that the characteristic relaxation frequency of the dielectric constant was pH-dependent, with a significant minimum at pH 7 in all cases. The results are interpreted as the superposition of two independent relaxation phenomena, associated with edges and faces. With respect to the weight fraction influence, we have found a linear behavior of epsilon'(r)(0) with straight phi at pH 9, indicating the existence of no significant interaction between particles. However, at pH 7 a slight deviation of linearity is observed, and at pH 5 we observe a clearly nonlinear behavior, indicating a stronger degree of interaction between particles. This is in good agreement with the initial assumption that at acid pH values, the electric surface charge of faces is negative, whereas the edges possess a positive charge, thus favoring attractive face-to-edge interaction. Copyright 2000 Academic Press. 相似文献
8.
Reactions of [M(SR)(3)(PMe(2)Ph)(2)] (M = Ru, Os; R = C(6)F(4)H-4, C(6)F(5)) with CS(2) in acetone afford [Ru(S(2)CSR)(2)(PMe(2)Ph)(2)] (R = C(6)F(4)H-4, 1; C(6)F(5), 3) and trans-thiolates [Ru(SR)(2)(S(2)CSR)(PMe(2)Ph)(2)] (R = C(6)F(4)H-4, 2; C(6)F(5), 4) or the isomers trans-thiolates [Os(SR)(2)(S(2)CSR)(PMe(2)Ph)(2)] (R = C(6)F(4)H-4, 5; C(6)F(5), 7) and trans-thiolate-phosphine [Os(SR)(2)(S(2)CSR)(PMe(2)Ph)(2)] (R = C(6)F(4)H-4, 6; C(6)F(5), 8) through processes involving CS(2) insertion into M-SR bonds. The ruthenium(III) complexes [Ru(SR)(3)(PMe(2)Ph)(2)] react with CS(2) to give the diamagnetic thiolate-thioxanthato ruthenium(II) and the paramagnetic ruthenium(III) complexes while osmium(III) complexes [Os(SR)(3)(PMe(2)Ph)(2)] react to give the paramagnetic thiolate-thioxanthato osmium(III) isomers. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies of 1, 4, 5, and 8 show distorted octahedral structures. (31)P [(1)H] and (19)F NMR studies show that the solution structures of 1 and 3 are consistent with the solid-state structure of 1. 相似文献
9.