Lignins from Oryza sativa

Lignins, p-coumaryl, guaiacyl, and syringyl structural units, which are characteristic of annual grassy and perennial bushy plants, were found chromatographic analysis in the nitrobenzene oxidation products of natural and dioxanelignin rice husk and straw. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 590–591, November–December, 2006.     

Electrochemical deposition of indium: nucleation mode and diffusional limitation

the electrochemical deposition of indium metal from InCl₃ solutions was investigated. Cyclovoltammetric experiments showed that the initial hydrogen evolution reaction, observed together with the metal deposition on Pt surface, is blocked when the surface is covered by In. At large cathodic potentials, the current is diffusion-limited. The scan rate dependence of cyclovoltammograms allowed the determination of the diffusion coefficient of In³⁺ ions, 8.18 × 10^–6 cm²/s, using the Delahay equation. The activation energy of diffusion, determined from the temperature dependence of cyclovoltammograms, is about 0.3 eV (23 kJ/mol). Chrono-amperometric experiments are consistent with the cyclovoltammetry; the In³⁺ diffusion coefficient determined using the Cottrell law is in good agreement with the value determined by the Randles-?ev?ik equation. Moreover the use of the nucleation models developed by Scharifker and Hills showed a progressive nucleation mode. Electron microscopy observations and X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the formation of crystalline indium deposits.     

Nanostructured TiO2 as anode material for magnesium-ion batteries

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - The nanotubular structure of titanium dioxide (TiO2) is most suitable for creating high-performance energy storage and conversion devices. This paper...