全文获取类型
收费全文 | 73081篇 |
免费 | 16491篇 |
国内免费 | 7480篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 67074篇 |
晶体学 | 951篇 |
力学 | 3020篇 |
综合类 | 591篇 |
数学 | 6696篇 |
物理学 | 18720篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 123篇 |
2023年 | 730篇 |
2022年 | 1444篇 |
2021年 | 1631篇 |
2020年 | 2751篇 |
2019年 | 3999篇 |
2018年 | 2402篇 |
2017年 | 2105篇 |
2016年 | 5112篇 |
2015年 | 5372篇 |
2014年 | 5673篇 |
2013年 | 6822篇 |
2012年 | 6470篇 |
2011年 | 5790篇 |
2010年 | 5455篇 |
2009年 | 5420篇 |
2008年 | 5093篇 |
2007年 | 4254篇 |
2006年 | 3827篇 |
2005年 | 3488篇 |
2004年 | 2986篇 |
2003年 | 2574篇 |
2002年 | 3411篇 |
2001年 | 2627篇 |
2000年 | 2177篇 |
1999年 | 1217篇 |
1998年 | 668篇 |
1997年 | 558篇 |
1996年 | 478篇 |
1995年 | 395篇 |
1994年 | 356篇 |
1993年 | 304篇 |
1992年 | 209篇 |
1991年 | 221篇 |
1990年 | 191篇 |
1989年 | 147篇 |
1988年 | 121篇 |
1987年 | 103篇 |
1986年 | 77篇 |
1985年 | 58篇 |
1984年 | 41篇 |
1983年 | 40篇 |
1982年 | 31篇 |
1981年 | 24篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1959年 | 7篇 |
1936年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 96 毫秒
1.
2.
Qianqian Fan Zirui Liu Feng Qiu Prof. Yong Mao Prof. Qingju Liu Prof. Longzhou Zhang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(63):e202202700
The artificially accurate design of nonmetal electrocatalysts’ active site has been a huge challenge because no pure active species with the specific structure could be strictly controlled by traditional synthetic methods. Species with a multiconfiguration in the catalyst hinder identification of the active site and the subsequent comprehension of the reaction mechanism. We have developed a novel electro-assisted molecular assembly strategy to obtain a pure pentagon ring on perfect graphene avoiding other reconstructed structures. More importantly, the active atom was confirmed by the subtle passivation process as the topmost carbon atom. Recognition of the carbon-defect electrocatalysis reaction mechanism was first downsized to the single-atom scale from the experimental perspective. It is expected that this innovative electro-assisted molecular assembly strategy could be extensively applied in the active structure-controlled synthesis of nonmetal electrocatalysts and verification of the exact active atom. 相似文献
3.
4.
Let p ∈ [1, ∞), q ∈ [1, ∞), α∈ R, and s be a non-negative integer. Inspired by the space JNp introduced by John and Nirenberg(1961) and the space B introduced by Bourgain et al.(2015), we introduce a special John-Nirenberg-Campanato space JNcon(p,q,s) over Rn or a given cube of R;with finite side length via congruent subcubes, which are of some amalgam features. The limit space of such spaces as p →∞ is just the Campanato space which coincides with the space BMO(the space of functions with bounded mean oscillations)when α = 0. Moreover, a vanishing subspace of this new space is introduced, and its equivalent characterization is established as well, which is a counterpart of the known characterization for the classical space VMO(the space of functions with vanishing mean oscillations) over Rn or a given cube of Rn with finite side length.Furthermore, some VMO-H1-BMO-type results for this new space are also obtained, which are based on the aforementioned vanishing subspaces and the Hardy-type space defined via congruent cubes in this article. The geometrical properties of both the Euclidean space via its dyadic system and congruent cubes play a key role in the proofs of all these results. 相似文献
5.
Wacker oxidation is an industry-adopted process to transform olefins into value-added epoxides and carbonyls. However, traditional Wacker oxidation involves the use of homogeneous palladium and copper catalysts for the olefin addition and reductive elimination. Here, we demonstrated an ultrahigh loading Cu single atom catalyst(14% Cu, mass fraction) for the palladium-free Wacker oxidation of 4-vinylanisole into the corresponding ketone with N-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride as an additive under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies by 18O and deuterium isotope labelling revealed a hydrogen shift mechanism in this palladium-free process using N-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride as the oxygen source. The reaction scope can be further extended to Kucherov oxidation. Our study paves the way to replace noble metal catalysts in the traditional homogeneous processes with single atom catalysts. 相似文献
6.
Meihua Shen Dr. Xinpeng Zhao Dr. Lu Han Nanxi Jin Prof. Song Liu Prof. Tao Jia Prof. Zhijun Chen Prof. Xiuhua Zhao 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(20):e202104137
Solar-driven interfacial vaporization by localizing solar-thermal energy conversion to the air−water interface has attracted tremendous attention. In the process of converting solar energy into heat energy, photothermal materials play an essential role. Herein, a flexible solar-thermal material di-cyan substituted 5,12-dibutylquinacridone (DCN−4CQA)@Paper was developed by coating photothermal quinacridone derivatives on the cellulose paper. The DCN−4CQA@Paper combines desired chemical and physical properties, broadband light-absorbing, and shape-conforming abilities that render efficient photothermic vaporization. Notably, synergetic coupling of solar-steam and solar-electricity technologies by integrating DCN−4CQA@Paper and the thermoelectric devices is realized without trade-offs, highlighting the practical consideration toward more impactful solar heat exploitation. Such solar distillation and low-grade heat-to-electricity generation functions can provide potential opportunities for fresh water and electricity supply in off-grid or remote areas. 相似文献
7.
Bingjie Chen Dr. Lianhai Zu Dr. Yao Liu Dr. Ruijing Meng Yutong Feng Prof. Chengxin Peng Feng Zhu Tianzi Hao Jiajia Ru Prof. Yonggang Wang Prof. Jinhu Yang 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,132(8):3161-3166
Incorporating nanoscale Si into a carbon matrix with high dispersity is desirable for the preparation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) but remains challenging. A space-confined catalytic strategy is proposed for direct superassembly of Si nanodots within a carbon (Si NDs⊂C) framework by copyrolysis of triphenyltin hydride (TPT) and diphenylsilane (DPS), where Sn atomic clusters created from TPT pyrolysis serve as the catalyst for DPS pyrolysis and Si catalytic growth. The use of Sn atomic cluster catalysts alters the reaction pathway to avoid SiC generation and enable formation of Si NDs with reduced dimensions. A typical Si NDs⊂C framework demonstrates a remarkable comprehensive performance comparable to other Si-based high-performance half LIBs, and higher energy densities compared to commercial full LIBs, as a consequence of the high dispersity of Si NDs with low lithiation stress. Supported by mechanic simulations, this study paves the way for construction of Si/C composites suitable for applications in future energy technologies. 相似文献
8.
9.
Hongling Yu Heyong Wang Galia Pozina Chunyang Yin Xiao-Ke Liu Feng Gao 《Chemical science》2020,11(41):11338
Metal halide perovskites have demonstrated impressive properties for achieving efficient monochromatic light-emitting diodes. However, the development of white perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) remains a big challenge. Here, we demonstrate a single-emissive-layer all-perovskite white PeLED using a mixed halide perovskite film as the emissive layer. The perovskite film consists of separated mixed halide perovskite phases with blue and red emissions, which are beneficial for suppressing halide anion exchange and preventing charge transfer. As a result, the white PeLED shows balanced white light emission with Commission Internationale de L''Eclairage coordinates of (0.33, 0.33). In addition, we find that the achievement of white light emission from mixed halide perovskites strongly depends on effective modulation of the halide salt precursors, especially lead bromide and benzamidine hydrochloride in our case. Our work provides very useful guidelines for realizing single-emissive-layer all-perovskite white PeLEDs based on mixed halide perovskites, which will spur the development of high-performance white PeLEDs.We demonstrated a single-emissive-layer all-perovskite white light-emitting diode based on a mixed halide perovskite film. 相似文献
10.
In the paper, the authors establish several integral representations for the generating functions of the large and little Schröder numbers and for the large and little Schröder numbers. 相似文献