PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS BETWEEN TRYPTOPHAN AND POLYNUCLEOTIDES*

Abstract— Anaerobic solutions of ¹⁴C labelled tryptophan and single-stranded synthetic polyribonucleotide form adducts when irradiated with UV light at wavelengths longer than 270 nm. These adducts are stable to cold 10% trichloroacetic acid and are also more resistant to hydrolysis catalyzed by bovine ribonuclease A than non-irradiated controls. All polyribonucleotides reacted with trp to some extent with reactivities in the order poly rU > poly rC = poly rA > poly rG.     

Why Perform Code‐to‐Code Comparisons: A Vacuum Arc Discharge Simulation Case Study

Numerical modeling is increasingly becoming an indispensable tool for investigations in many fields of physics. Such modeling is especially useful in today's big science projects as a tool that can provide predictions and design parameters. The reliability of simulation results is thus essential. Code‐to‐code comparisons can help increase our confidence in simulation results, especially when other verification methods – such as comparison to theoretical models or experimental results – are limited or unavailable. In this paper, we describe a code‐to‐code comparison exercise wherein we compare one‐dimensional vacuum arc discharge simulation results from two independent particle‐in‐cell (PIC) codes. As part of our case study, we define a vacuum arc discharge test problem that can be used by other research groups for further comparison. Early disagreement between the two sets of our results motivated us to re‐examine the underlying methods in our codes. After remedying discrepancies, we observe good agreement in vacuum arc discharge time‐to‐breakdown, as well as in the time evolution of particle and current densities. This exercise demonstrates the usefulness of code‐to‐code comparisons and provides an example case study for the benefit of other research groups who may wish to carry out similar code‐to‐code comparisons (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

The adsorption of nitric oxide on W(110) at 300 K: An electron spectroscopic study

Nitric oxide adsorbs dissociatively onto W(110) at 300 K. The simplest interpretation requires adsorption into three states. In the first of these N and O penetrate the surface. In the second state N and O form an overlay er on the W(110) surface. The third state also involves surface penetration but this is deeper than for state 1. The adsorbate stoichiometry was 1:1 throughout adsorption at 300 K. The occupancy of each state was similar after a 300 L exposure when the total amount adsorbed exceeded 17 (±2) × 10¹⁸ atoms m^?2.