载Ni双功能碱性沸石催化剂的研究

采用分步浸渍法制备了负载Ni和KOH的NaX沸石催化剂 ,用XRD、TPR、CO2 TPD和XPS等手段对样品的结构、表面碱性、金属组分的可还原性、表面Ni物种的形态等进行了表征 ,对金属组分和碱性组分间的相互作用进行了研究 ,并揭示了这种作用的本质.同时结合丙酮一步法合成甲基异丁基酮的反应 ,探讨了反应性与样品碱性、金属性的关系 ,阐明了该反应中双功能催化剂上金属组分与碱性组分必须匹配合宜的原因     

铈锆铝复合氧化物的制备及其性能研究

以硝酸铈和硝酸锆为原料,氨水为沉淀剂,双氧水为氧化剂,采用共沉淀法将铈锆固溶体负载在固态铝源(拟薄水铝石、活性氧化铝和改性氧化铝)表面,制备了铈锆铝复合氧化物。通过XRD,TEM,BET,TPR等手段对铈锆铝复合氧化物进行了结构表征和性能分析。研究结果表明:铈锆固溶体负载在氧化铝上,颗粒明显变小,老化性能得到显著改善;不同形态固态铝源制备的铈锆铝复合氧化物性能各异,以拟薄水铝石为铝源制备的样品比表面积最大,以改性氧化铝为铝源制备的样品表现出最佳的储氧性能。     

Re组分及ZrO_2载体制备方法对Ru-Re/ZrO_2催化丙三醇氢解反应的影响

分别采用沉淀法、水热合成法和不同气氛下焙烧的方式制备了ZrO2载体,采用浸渍法负载Ru及Ru-Re组分制备了Ru/ZrO2和Ru-Re/ZrO2催化剂.利用氮气吸附-脱附、X射线衍射、透射电镜及程序升温还原等方法对样品的比表面积、孔容、平均孔径、晶体结构、形貌及还原特性等进行了表征.考察了Re组分及ZrO2载体制备方法对催化剂在丙三醇氢解制丙二醇反应中的催化性能的影响.结果表明,不同方法制备的ZrO2载体对负载型Ru催化剂的催化性能有一定影响,其中以沉淀法在空气中焙烧制得ZrO2负载活性组分后得到的催化剂的活件相对较低(转化率18.7%),而以沉淀法在氮气中焙烧以及水热合成法制备的ZrO2负载活性组分后得到的催化剂的活性相对较高(转化率25.8%).Re组分的引入对Ru/ZrO2系列催化剂的催化性能有明显的促进作用.     

Al_(2)O_(3)-Zn-K催化水解COS和CS_(2)的研究北大核心CSCD

以活性氧化铝为载体,浸渍负载Zn、K活性组分,制备优选Al_(2)O_(3)-Zn-K催化剂.考察了反应工艺条件对COS、CS_(2)脱除精度的影响,并对失活的催化剂进行表征,分析催化剂的失活原因.结果表明,负载Zn、K活性组分后,催化剂的弱碱性中心显著提高,负载量为4%时催化剂具有最优的水解活性.在180℃催化水解过程中,工艺条件对CS_(2)脱除精度的影响较COS更为明显.无氧条件下,反应过程中生成的硫酸盐和表面活性物质发生迁移导致催化剂碱性中心减少是催化剂失活的主要原因.     

Mn修饰Al2O3载体负载Pd催化剂及其蒽醌加氢催化性能

以活性氧化铝(γ-Al2O3)为载体,分别以Mn(NO3)2溶液和酸性氯化钯(PdCl2)溶液为修饰组分和活性组分前体,采用分步浸渍法制备了Mn修饰Al2O3载体负载钯催化剂。将催化剂应用于蒽醌加氢反应,考察了催化剂制备方法、活性组分负载量和催化剂还原温度对反应效果的影响。用XRD、BET、XPS和TPR对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,催化剂活性受到制备方法的影响,在对Mn修饰Al2O3载体进行焙烧,Pd负载量0.2(wt)%、还原温度300℃的条件下,催化剂蒽醌加氢活性较高,较未修饰的催化剂提高了约16%。催化剂中Mn以MnO的形式存在,影响了γ-Al2O3的组织结构,使载体与活性组分之间的作用力增强,活性组分Pd高度分散在催化剂表面,从而提高了催化剂的活性。     

介孔Ni-β-Mo2C/SBA-16催化剂在CH4/CO2重整制合成气反应中的催化性能

采用等体积浸渍将双金属活性组分负载到介孔分子筛SBA-16上,通过热分解制备了负载型催化剂Ni--Mo2C/SBA-16.N2吸附-脱附、X射线粉末衍射和透射电镜等结果表明,引入活性组分后,样品依然保持原有的有序介孔结构,活性组分高度分散于载体上,没有团聚.在CH4/CO2重整制合成气反应中,Ni--Mo2C/SBA-16催化剂具有较高的CH4和CO2转化率,以及CO和H2选择性,有明显的抗积炭作用.     

纳米TiO_2-ZnO二元负载木材的制备及性质

采用两步法将TiO_2/ZnO纳米材料与杨木试样复合,制备了纳米二元负载木材.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品的结构和形貌进行了表征,并探讨了不同处理条件下得到的纳米氧化物负载木材及非纳米氧化物负载木材的抗菌性和耐候性.结果表明,氧化锌和二氧化钛二元协同负载木材的抗菌性和耐候性均优于单一纳米晶处理的木材;在溶剂热反应中以正己烷作为溶剂所制备样品的性能优于以水和无水乙醇为溶剂制备的样品;并且纳米结构负载木材的抗菌性和耐候性优于非纳米结构负载的木材.     

含铜MCM-48催化剂上糠醛选择性加氢制糠醇

 以MCM-48为载体,采用新颖的负载方法(有机官能团化法)制备了铜基负载型催化剂. 结果表明,活性组分以较高的负载量均匀地分散在载体MCM-48表面,且负载活性组分后,分子筛的结构未被明显破坏. 本文首次将采用此负载方法制备的铜基MCM-48催化剂用于糠醛选择性加氢制糠醇反应,并得到了较高的活性、稳定性及糠醇选择性,该催化剂可以与商业催化剂相比,具有潜在的工业应用价值. 与一维结构的MCM-41相比,三维孔道结构的MCM-48有效避免了孔堵塞,大大提高了催化剂的稳定性. 引入助剂镧有利于羰基加氢,明显提高了糠醛的转化率. 使用后的催化剂并未被氧化,催化剂失活的主要原因之一是积炭.     

异丁烷与丁烯在炭化树脂负载PW12催化剂上的烷基化(1)炭化树脂负载杂多酸催化剂的制备、表征与催化活性

研究了炭化树脂负载杂多酸催化剂的制备方法，利用IR，SEM等测试方法对催化剂进行了表征，并以异丁烷与丁烯的烷基化作为目标反应，测定了催化剂的活性，初步实验结果表明，该催化剂具有机械强度好，活性组分溶脱量少，能保持基材球状，酸强度大且活性组分分布均一及对目标反应具有较高活性等特点，是一种具有较好应用前景的新型负载杂多酸催化剂。     

分子筛基NH3吸附材料的制备与性能研究

通过对分子筛原粉添加黏结剂,制备出了适宜作为吸附材料的成型分子筛颗粒.随后对成型分子筛颗粒进行活性组分的负载,并采用氮气吸附等温线对不同样品的比表面积和孔径分布进行了分析表征.通过考察样品对氨气的动态吸附能力,对活性组分的种类和含量进行筛选和优化,最终确定以质量分数为8%的H_2SO_4作为分子筛基氨气吸附材料的配比组成.通过与活性炭吸附材料的对比发现,在低湿度和高湿度2种条件下,分子筛基防护材料对NH3的防护性能均优于活性炭.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.