层状K4Ag2Sn3S9·2H2O的溶剂热合成与表征

用溶剂热法合成了K4Ag2Sn3S9·2H2O,通过单晶X射线衍射、DSC、TG、IR和紫外漫反射光谱等手段对其进行了表征.结果表明,K4Ag2Sn3S9·2H2O属单斜晶系,P21/m空间群,a=0.78071(2)nm,b=2.73508(1)nm,c=1.05008nm,α=90°,β=103.87(6)°,γ=90°,Z=4.其层状结构内具有一维孔道,钾离子分离在层间及层内孔道中.     

混合价多硒代锗酸盐K2Ge4Se8的固相合成、晶体结构和反射光谱研究

采用反应性熔盐法以n(K2Se3)∶n(Ge)∶n(Se)=2∶1∶6的摩尔比,在773 K下反应5 d,得到一种新的混合价硒代锗酸盐,K2Ge4Se8.该晶体属于单斜系,空间群为P21/c,晶胞参数a=0.73752(5) nm, b=1.2239(2) nm, c=1.7468(4) nm, β=96.02(3)°, V=1.5680(5) nm3, Z=4.偏差因子R1=0.0643, wR2=0.1547. K2Ge4Se8晶体具有层状结构,二维的 2∞[Ge4Se8]2-层负离子和K+正离子堆积而成,层与层按ABAB排列.K2Ge4Se8属于Zintl型化合物,属于半导体,反射光谱法测定的光学能隙(Eg)为1.8 eV.     

[(enH)_2(enH_2)Sn_2Se_6]的合成、结构及性能研究

采用溶剂热法 ,以K2 Se∶SnCl2 ·2H2 O∶Se∶en =1∶1∶4∶48的摩尔比 ,在 15 0℃下反应 5d ,生成黄色透明柱状晶体[(enH2 ) 2 Sn2 Se6·en] .该晶体属于三斜晶系 ,空间群为P 1,晶胞参数 ,a =0 865 9( 2 )nm ,b =1 10 5 5 ( 2 )nm ,c =0 663 60 ( 10 )nm ,α =10 4 44 ( 3 )° ,β =110 93 ( 3 )° ,γ =79 74( 3 )° ,V =0 5 7198( 19)nm3 ,Z =1.[(enH) 2 (enH2 )Sn2 Se6]晶体由质子化的乙二胺正离子 (enH) + ,(enH2 ) 2 + 和二聚硒代锡酸根负离子 (Sn2 Se6) 4 -堆积而成 .在AxSn2 Se6系列化合物 ,正离子A的大小对晶体结构的类型产生重要的影响 .研究表明 ,此晶体具有 1 76eV的能隙 (Eg) ,是个半导体 ,对太阳辐射具有选择吸收特性 ,在温度低于 180℃时是稳定的 .     

[(enH)2(enH2)Sn2Se6]的合成、结构及性能研究

采用溶剂热法,以K2Se:SnCl2·2H2O∶Se∶en=1∶1∶4∶48的摩尔比,在150 ℃下反应5d,生成黄色透明柱状晶体[(enH2)2Sn2Se6·en]。该晶体属于三斜晶系 ,空间群为Pl^-,晶胞参数,a=0.8659(2)nm,b=1.1055(2)nm,c=0.66360(10)nm, a=104.44(3)°,β=110.93(3)°,γ=79.74(3)°,V=0.57198(19)nm^3,Z=1.[ (enH2)Sn2Se6]晶体由质子化的乙二胺正离子（enH)^+,(enH2)^2+和二聚硒代锡根 负离子（Sn2Se6)^4-堆积而成。在AxSn2Se6系列化合物,正离子A的大小对晶体结 构的类型产生重要的影响。研究表明,此晶体具有1.76eV的能隙（Eg）,是个半导 体,对太阳辐射具有选择吸收特性,在温度低于180℃时是稳定的。     

簇合物{[Ni(enMe)2][SiW12O40]}[Ni(enMe)2(H2O)2]2·3H2O的水热合成及晶体结构

用水热法合成出一种新的一维链状簇合物{[Ni(enMe)2][SiW12O40]}[Ni(enMe)2(H2O)2]2·3H2O, 并对其进行了元素分析、IR谱、TGA及X射线单晶衍射等系列表征. 该晶体属于单斜晶系, 空间群C2/c, a=1.2656 nm, b=2.20656(4) nm, c=2.26763(4) nm, β=92.078°, V=6.32852(16) nm3, Z=4, Dc=3.801 g/cm3, μ=2.271 mm-1, F(000)=6512, R1=0.0549, wR2=0.1087. 在该化合物中, 具有α-Keggin结构的聚阴离子簇[SiW12O40]6-之间通过配位阳离子[Ni(enMe)2]2+桥连成一维无限链状结构, 另一种配位阳离子[Ni(enMe)2(H2O)2]2+和水分子填充在结构中, 通过分子间的氢键作用将该化合物拓展为三维网状结构.     

极性金属间化合物LuSn2的合成、晶体结构及能带特征

在惰性气氛氩气保护下,通过高温固相反应合成得到了一个新的二元极性金属间化合物LuSn2。经X-射线单晶衍射与元素分析等方法确定了其晶体结构。LuSn2属正交晶系,空间群为Cmcm,晶体学参数a=0.435 11(10)nm,b=1.601 6(4)nm,c=0.427 80(8)nm,V=0.298 12(11)nm3,Z=4,R1=0.017 0,wR2=0.032 4。LuSn2属于ZrSi2结构类型,其结构中包含有一维"之"字型Sn链与二维四方格子状Sn层,Lu原子排列在Sn链与Sn层的空隙中。能带结构计算表明LuSn2呈金属导电性。     

由Mn2+连接仲钨酸盐[H2W12O42]10-构成一维梯型链状多金属氧酸盐

利用Na2WO4·2H2O与MnCl2反应, 合成了一个结构新颖的一维梯型链状的多金属钨酸盐K6[Mn2(H2O)8(H2W12O42)]·14.5H2O(1), 并通过元素分析、红外光谱、热重分析、紫外光谱、电化学和X射线单晶衍射对其进行了表征. 结果表明, 该化合物属于单斜晶系, P2(1)/n空间群，晶胞参数a=1.5042(3) nm, b=1.0462(2) nm, c=1.8843(4) nm, β=93.55(3)°, V=2.9594(10) nm3, Z=2. 该化合物具有由同多酸盐和Mn2+离子构筑的一维梯型链状结构.     

链状[NH3CH2CH2NH3]AgAsS4的溶剂热合成及表征

利用溶剂热方法合成了链状[NH3CH2CH2NH3]AgAsS4,通过单晶X射线衍射技术对其进行了晶体结构分析,该化合物晶体属单斜晶系,空间群C2/c,晶胞参数a=1.35805(8)nm,b=0.65331(3)nm,c=2.27711(9)nm,β=106.42(3)°,Z=8.化合物具有有趣的梯子状双链结构,该阴离子链由AsS4与AgS3共用顶点交替连接而成,有机阳离子在阴离子链之间存在较强的N—H…S氢键.DSC和Tg分析结果表明化合物在200℃以下是稳定的.     

K3Na(FeO4)2的电合成及其晶体结构

本文采用间接法电合成出较高纯度的复盐K₃Na(FeO₄)₂晶体，用粉末XRD结构分析法对其晶体结构作了详细研究。用EDX和AAS确认了其化学式。结构分析表明，K₃Na(FeO₄)₂晶体属三方晶系，具有六方晶胞，空间群为P3m1(No.164)，Z=1,晶胞中有6个O位于6(i)位，O,Fe和K各自有2个位于2(d)位，1个K和Na分别位于1(b)位和1(a)位，晶胞参数a=0.583 3(1) nm,c=0.755 9(1) nm，D=2.824 g·cm^-3。同时晶胞中各原子间化学键键长得到确定。     

一维链状化合物Ga（HPO4）2·C6H11N2的离子热合成、结构与表征

以溴化1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体为溶剂,在离子热反应条件下,合成得到了具有新颖结构的一维磷酸镓化合物,Ga(HPO4)2.C6H11N2.X-射线单晶结构分析结果显示,该化合物属于单斜晶系,P21/n空间群,晶胞参数a=0.803 6(11)nm,b=1.320 9(17)nm,c=1.275 6(17)nm,β=101.503(2),V=1.326 8(3)nm3,Z=4。     

[M(en)3]2Sn2Se6(M=Mn,Zn)的制备及其热稳定性

用有机溶剂热生长技术(SolvothermalTechnique)制备过渡金属锰和锌硒化物[Mn(en)3]2Sn2Se6(Ⅰ),[Zn(en)3]2Sn2Se6(Ⅱ).用单晶X射线衍射技术对其进行晶体结构分析.[Zn(en)3]2Sn2Se6样品的热分析结果表明,该化合物的热分解分三步进行.光学性质测试表明它们是半导体材料,[Mn(en)3]2Sn2Se6的能带隙为1.76eV.[Zn(en)3]2Sn2Se6的能带隙为2.49eV.     

Crystal structures of Sr4Sn2Se9 and Sr4Sn2Se10 and the oxidation state of tin in an unusual geometry

The new ternary selenostannates Sr(4)Sn(2)Se(9) and Sr(4)Sn(2)Se(10) have been synthesized by heating the elements at 1023 K in an argon atmosphere. Their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray methods. Sr(4)Sn(2)Se(9) crystallizes in a new structure type (Pbam, a = 12.042(2) A, b = 16.252(3) A, c = 8.686(2) A, Z = 4) with Sn(2)Se(6)(4-), SnSe(4)(4-), and Se(2)(2-) subunits. Sr(4)Sn(2)Se(10) (P2(1)2(1)2, a = 12.028(2) A, b = 16.541(3) A, c = 8.611(2) A, Z = 4) has a similar structure with Se(3)(2-) triangles instead of Se(2)(2-) dumbbells. Strontium is 8-fold-coordinated by selenium in both cases. The opening angles between tin and the terminal selenium atoms in the Sn(2)Se(6) subunits are close to 160 degrees , which is nearer a typical Sn(2+) coordination geometry than classical SnSe(4) tetrahedra. This result suggests the tin oxidation state in the Sn(2)Se(6) units to be lower than the expected Sn(4+). This question is examined by self-consistent LMTO and LAPW band structure calculations expanded by the Bader analysis of the charge density to assign reliable atomic charges.     

Tropochemical cell-twinning in the new quaternary bismuth selenides KxSn(6-2x)Bi(2+x)Se9 and KSn5Bi5Se13

The quaternary K(x)Sn(6-2x)Bi(2+x)Se(9) and KSn(5)Bi(5)Se(13) were discovered from reactions involving K(2)Se, Bi(2)Se(3), Sn, and Se. The single crystal structures reveal that K(x)Sn(6-2x)Bi(2+x)Se(9) is isostructural to the mineral heyrovskyite, Pb(6)Bi(2)S(9), crystallizing in the space group Cmcm with a = 4.2096(4) A, b = 14.006(1) A, and c = 32.451(3) A while KSn(5)Bi(5)Se(13) adopts a novel monoclinic structure type (C2/m, a = 13.879(4) A, b = 4.205(1) A, c = 23.363(6) A, beta = 99.012(4) degrees ). These compounds formally belong to the lillianite homologous series xPbS.Bi(2)S(3), whose characteristic is derivation of the structure by tropochemical cell-twinning on the (311) plane of the NaCl-type lattice with a mirror as twin operation. The structures of K(x)Sn(6-2x)Bi(2+x)Se(9) and KSn(5)Bi(5)Se(13) differ in the width of the NaCl-type slabs that form the three-dimensional arrangement. While cell-twinning of 7 octahedra wide slabs results in the heyrovskyite structure, 4 and 5 octahedra wide slabs alternate in the structure of KSn(5)Bi(5)Se(13). In both structures, the Bi and Sn atoms are extensively disordered over the metal sites. Some physicochemical properties of K(x)Sn(6-2x)Bi(2+x)Se(9) and KSn(5)Bi(5)Se(13) are reported.     

Chemical Manipulation of Magnetic Ordering in Mn(1-x)Sn(x)Bi(2)Se(4) Solid-Solutions

Several compositions of manganese-tin-bismuth selenide solid-solution series, Mn(1-x)Sn(x)Bi(2)Se(4) (x = 0, 0.3, 0.75), were synthesized by combining high purity elements in the desired ratio at moderate temperatures. X-ray single crystal studies of a Mn-rich composition (x = 0) and a Mn-poor phase (x = 0.75) at 100 and 300 K revealed that the compounds crystallize isostructurally in the monoclinic space group C2/m (no.12) and adopt the MnSb(2)Se(4) structure type. Direct current (DC) magnetic susceptibility measurements in the temperature range from 2 to 300 K indicated that the dominant magnetic ordering within the Mn(1-x)Sn(x)Bi(2)Se(4) solid-solutions below 50 K switches from antiferromagnetic (AFM) for MnBi(2)Se(4) (x = 0), to ferromagnetic (FM) for Mn(0.7)Sn(0.3)Bi(2)Se(4) (x = 0.3), and finally to paramagnetic (PM) for Mn(0.25)Sn(0.75)Bi(2)Se(4) (x = 0.75). We show that this striking variation in the nature of magnetic ordering within the Mn(1-x)Sn(x)Bi(2)Se(4) solid-solution series can be rationalized by taking into account: (1) changes in the distribution of magnetic centers within the structure arising from the Mn to Sn substitutions, (2) the contributions of spin-polarized free charge carriers resulting from the intermixing of Mn and Sn within the same crystallographic site, and (3) a possible long-range ordering of Mn and Sn atoms within individual {M}(n)Se(4n+2) single chain leading to quasi isolated {MnSe(6)} octahedra spaced by nonmagnetic {SnSe(6)} octahedra.     

KInSe~2的中温固相合成及结构表征

采用反应性熔盐法,以n(K~2Se~3):n(In):n(Se)=1:1:5的摩尔比,在500℃下反应5d,生成淡黄色柱状晶体KInSe~2。该晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为C2/c,晶胞参数,a=1.414(2)nm,b=1.1410(2)nm,c=1.5586(3)nm,β=100.60(3)°,Z=16,R=0.0656。KInSe~2晶体具有层状结构,每层由具有二维网状结构的[InSe~2]^-负离子和K^+组成,层与层之间按ABAB方式堆积。     

Structure and thermoelectric properties of the new quaternary bismuth selenides A(1-x)M(4-x)Bi(11+x)Se21 (A = K and Rb and Cs; M = Sn and Pb)--members of the grand homologous series Km(M6Se8)m(M(5+n)Se(9+n))

Several members of the new family A(1-x)M(4-x)Bi(11+x)Se21 (A = K, Rb, Cs; M = Sn, Pb) were prepared by direct combination of A2Se, Bi2Se3, Sn (or Pb), and Se at 800 degrees C. The single-crystal structures of K(0.54)Sn(3.54)Bi(11.46)Se21, K(1.46)Pb(3.08)Bi(11.46)Se21, Rb(0.69)Pb(3.69)Bi(11.31)Se21, and Cs(0.65)Pb(3.65)Bi(11.35)Se21 were determined. The compounds A(1-x)M(4-x)Bi(11+x) Se21 crystallize in a new structure type with the monoclinic space group C2/m, in which building units of the Bi2Te3 and NaCl structure type join to give rise to a novel kind of three-dimensional anionic framework with alkali-ion-filled tunnels. The building units are assembled from distorted, edge-sharing (Bi,Sn)Se6 octahedra. Bi and Sn/Pb atoms are disordered over the metal sites of the chalcogenide network, while the alkali site is not fully occupied. A grand homologous series Km(M6Se8)m(M(5+n)Se(9+n)) has been identified of which the compounds A(1-x)M(4-x)Bi(11+x)Se21 are members. We discuss here the crystal structure, charge-transport properties, and very low thermal conductivity of A(1-x)M(4-x)Bi(11+x)Se21.     

鼓形有机锡氧杂环羧酸簇合物[PhCH2Sn(O)(O2CC4H3S)]6·2CH2Cl2 和 [PhCH2Sn(O)(O2CC3H2NO)]6·2CH2Cl2的合成和晶体结构

利用三苄基氧化锡与2-噻吩甲酸和2-唑甲酸反应,合成了六聚体苄基锡氧2-噻吩甲酸酯(1)和六聚体苄基锡氧2-唑甲酸酯(2)鼓形簇合物.通过元素分析、红外光谱和X射线单晶衍射对其结构进行了表征.测试结果表明:化合物1属三斜晶系,空间群p1,a=1.2760(3)nm,b=1.3056(3)nm,c=1.3343(3)nm,α=105.65(3)°,β=96.27(3)°,γ=97.20(3)°,Z=1,V=2.0997(7)nm3,Dc=1.809g/cm3,μ=2.097mm-1,F(000)=1116,R=0.0651,wR=0.1292.化合物2属三斜晶系,空间群p1,a=1.2240(4)nm,b=1.3673(4)nm,c=1.3744(4)nm,α=107.760(4)°,β=98.069(5)°,γ=91.480(5)°,Z=2,V=2.1631(12)nm3,Dc=3.373g/cm3,μ=3.799mm-1,F(000)=2136,R=0.0382,wR=0.079.它们均为鼓形簇状结构,锡原子呈畸变的八面体构型.化合物1通过分子间S…S近距离作用,形成一维链状结构.     

Helical polymer 1/infinity[P2Se6(2-)]: strong second harmonic generation response and phase-change properties of its K and Rb salts

The selenophosphates A2P2Se6 (A = K, Rb) crystallize in the chiral trigonal space group P3121, with a = 7.2728(9) A, c = 18.872(4) A, and Z = 3 at 298(2) K and a = 14.4916(7) A, c = 18.7999(17) A, and Z = 12 at 173(2) K for K+ salt and a = 7.2982(5) A, c = 19.0019(16) A, and Z = 3 at 100(2) K for Rb+ salt. The A2P2Se6 feature parallel one-dimensional helical chains of 1/infinity[P2Se62-] which depict an oxidative polymerization of the ethane-like [P2Se6]4- anion. On cooling well below room temperature K2P2Se6 exhibits a displacive phase transition to a crystallographic subgroup and forms a superstructure with a cell doubling along the a- and b-axes. The Rb analogue does not exhibit the phase transition. The compounds are air stable and show reversible glass-crystal phase-change behavior with a band gap red shift of 0.11 and 0.22 eV for K+ and Rb+ salts, respectively. Raman spectroscopy, 31P magic angle spinning solid-state NMR, and pair distribution function (PDF) analysis for crystalline and glassy K2P2Se6 give further understanding of the phase transition and the local structure of the amorphous state. K2P2Se6 exhibits excellent mid-IR transparency and a strong second harmonic generation (SHG) response. The SHG response is type-I phase-matchable and in the wavelength range of 1000-2000 nm was measured to be 50 times larger than that of the commercially used material AgGaSe2. Glassy K2P2Se6 also exhibits an SHG response without the application of electric field poling. In connection with the NLO properties the thermal expansion coefficients for K2P2Se6 are reported.     

Straightforward route to the adamantane clusters [Sn4Q10]4- (Q = S, Se, Te) and use in the assembly of open-framework chalcogenides (Me4N)2M[Sn4Se10] (M = Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Zn(II)) including the first telluride member (Me4N)2Mn[Ge4Te10

The reaction of K(2)Sn(2)Q(5) (Q = S, Se, Te) with stoichiometric amounts of alkyl-ammonium bromides R(4)NBr (R = methyl or ethyl) in ethylenediamine (en) afforded the corresponding salts (R(4)N)(4)[Sn(4)Q(10)] (Q = S, Se, Te) in high yield. Although the compound K(2)Sn(2)Te(5) is not known, this reaction is also applicable to solids with a nominal composition "K(2)Sn(2)Te(5)" which in the presence of R(4)NBr in en are quantitatively converted to the salts (R(4)N)(4)[Sn(4)Te(10)] on a multigram scale. These salts contain the molecular adamantane clusters [Sn(4)Q(10)](4-) and can serve as soluble precursors in simple metathesis reactions with transition metal salts to synthesize the large family of open-framework compounds (Me(4)N)(2)M[Sn(4)Se(10)] (M = Mn(2+), Fe(2+), Co(2+), Zn(2+)). Full structural characterization of these materials as well as their magnetic and optical properties is reported. Depending on the transition metal in (Me(4)N)(2)M[Sn(4)Se(10)], the energy band gaps of these compounds lie in the range of 1.27-2.23 eV. (Me(4)N)(2)Mn[Ge(4)Te(10)] is the first telluride analogue to be reported in this family. This material is a narrow band gap semiconductor with an optical absorption energy of 0.69 eV. Ab initio electronic band structure calculations validate the semiconductor nature of these chalcogenides and indicate a nearly direct band gap.