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It is widely accepted that wind energy is clean and renewable. However, icing on the blade surfaces of wind turbines is a serious problem in cold regions, which greatly affects its performance. Therefore, it is important to prevent ice accumulation on the surface of wind turbine blade and remove it whenever necessary. In this paper, a new non-thermal method–ultrasonic de-icing for wind turbine blade is proposed. Firstly, baced on the theory of ultrasonic de-icing, the harmonic analysis of the structure of the composite plate-ice layered system is investigated using the finite element method. The simulation results showed that ultrasonic de-icing method is feasible for wind turbine blade de-icing purposes. Secondly, the de-icing experiment of wind turbine blades using piezoelectric actuators is carried out in the freezer at a temperature of −15 °C, results showed that the ice layer can be debonded from the surface of wind turbine blade by the commonly used piezoelectric transducers made by PZT-5. The optimal frequency of ultrasonic de-icing of wind turbine blade is also given; finally, the installation way of ultrasonic transducers on the inner surface of wind turbine blade is given. 相似文献
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This paper experimentally investigates the noise from a large wind turbine (GE 1.5 MW) with a compact microphone array (OptiNav 24) using advanced deconvolution based beamforming methods, such as DAMAS and CLEAN-SC beamforming algorithms, for data reduction. Our study focuses on the ability of a compact microphone array to successfully locate both mechanical and aerodynamic noise sources on the wind turbine. Several interesting results have emerged from this study: (i) A compact microphone array is sufficient to perform a detailed study on wind turbine noise if advanced deconvolution methods are applied. (ii) Noise sources on the blade and on the nacelle can clearly be separated. (iii) Noise of the blades is dominated by trailing edge noise which is frequency dependent and is distributed along the length of the blade with the dominant noise source closer to the tip of the blade. (iv) The LP and DAMAS algorithms represent the distributed trailing edge noise source better than CLEAN-SC and classical beamforming. (v) Additional tonal noise produced during yawing operation is believed to be radiating from the tower of the wind turbine that acts like a resonator. (vi) Ground reflection is not believed to have a significant effect on noise source location estimates in this study. 相似文献
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V. Sathiesh Kumar Nilesh J. Vasa R. Sarathi 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2013,112(1):149-153
The study of pollution performance on a wind turbine blade due to lightning is important, as it can cause major damage to wind turbine blades. In the present work, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) technique is used to understand the influence of pollutant deposited on a wind turbine blade in an off-shore environment. A methodical experimental study was carried out by adopting IEC 60507 standards, and it was observed that the lightning discharge propagates at the interface between the pollutant and the glass fiber reinforced plastic (Material used in manufacturing of wind turbine blades). In addition, as a diagnostic condition monitoring technique, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is proposed and demonstrated to rank the severity of pollutant on the wind turbine blades from a remote area. Optical emission spectra observed during surface discharge process induced by lightning impulse voltage is in agreement with the spectra observed during LIBS. 相似文献
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进行了风电叶片双轴静载试验,全程采用数字图像相关技术监测其全场三维变形。结果表明,在各工况荷载作用下,风电叶片的三维位移分布具有良好规律,而应变分布则无明显规律。3个方向位移中,平面外位移远大于平面内位移。双轴荷载作用下,风电叶片挥舞方向位移与摆振方向位移均随加载等级增大而增大。在风电叶片全场范围内,挥舞方向位移沿叶片展向逐渐增大,直至叶尖达到最大值。叶片各点的摆振方向位移均为负位移,负位移最大值出现在叶片中部。在叶根至41%叶长(55 cm)区域内,叶片各工况下的展向位移几乎接近于0;而在41%叶长至叶尖区域,当荷载较小时,叶片迎风面纤维的受拉伸长量大于平面外弯曲的展向位移分量而产生正位移;随着荷载增大,叶片平面外弯曲变形的展向位移分量大于迎风面纤维的受拉伸长量而产生负位移。 相似文献
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作为燃气轮机的核心部件,涡轮叶片长期在上千度的高温下工作,为了保证叶片安全可靠地运行,需要对其温度进行实时的监测。辐射测温是目前涡轮叶片非接触式测温的主流方法,其测温精度与叶片材料反射特性关系密切,如何预测不同方向反射能量的大小,减小反射辐射对测温结果的影响是目前研究的难点。为了预测叶片反射能量大小,提高辐射测温的准确性,对涡轮叶片常见材料——完全氧化DZ125的双向反射分布函数(BRDF)进行研究。采用对比法作为实验测量的方法,先分析了BRDF对比法测量原理及数据处理方法,之后自主搭建了试验台,在温度分别为25, 900和1 100℃,波长分别为1 060, 1 550和1 908 nm的条件下,控制入射天顶角及反射天顶角在0°~60°范围变化,方位角在0°~180°范围变化,测量计算出了多组BRDF值,分析了各种因素对完全氧化DZ125的BRDF的影响。最后采用Modified Phong模型对BRDF测量值进行了拟合,并与实验测量结果进行了对比,得到了较好的结果。研究结果表明,温度、波长对完全氧化DZ125的BRDF影响较小,在涡轮叶片工作的温度范围变化不大,辐射波长变化不大时,... 相似文献
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风力发电机组不断向大型化发展,风力机叶片的长度越来越长,为满足其结构要求,需要在叶片内侧采用厚翼型,而厚翼型在大攻角下容易导致流动分离,影响功率输出。本文通过对某一风力机叶片进行数值模拟,分析其近叶根处的流场,发现存在较大的流动分离现象。针对两种工况,在叶片内侧最大弦长位置增加环形扰流器后进行数值模拟,与原始叶片进行比较。结果表明:扰流器可以有效减小叶片内侧的流动分离区域,风速为11 m/s和15 m/s时功率都得到一定程度的提高,扰流器附近截面上的压力分布也有所改善。 相似文献
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随着风力机大型化发展,叶片尾缘襟翼控制技术,作为叶片流场主动控制的一种有效手段,能够有效、快速、灵活地降低叶片载荷,提高风力机,特别是大型风力机的可靠性、经济性,该技术受到国内外的广泛关注。为深入了解叶片襟翼实际作用效果及降载机制,在大量数值仿真计算工作基础上,需进一步开展带有襟翼控制的模型风力机风洞实验工作。本文在相似准则基础上,引入叶片展向环量、Polar线相似条件,对NREL 5 MW风力机叶片按1:105进行缩比设计,采用伺服电机驱动襟翼的结构方案对叶片参数进行修正,并根据BEM理论优化带有襟翼叶片的气动性能,最终确定带有襟翼控制的风力机叶片设计方案。最后利用气弹耦合仿真计算平台对带有襟翼控制的模型风力机进行性能计算,确定理想实验工况点及对应的降载效果。本文所开展的工作不仅能够为叶片缩比设计提供新思路,更有意义的是为襟翼控制系统在叶片中的实现提供有效借鉴。 相似文献
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使用基于速度面元法的势流数值模拟方法,以NREL PhaseⅥ为例进行了叶片气动载荷和风轮近尾流场的数值模拟。将势流数值模拟、叶素动量理论和计算流体力学CFD方法的计算结果与实验数据进行了对比分析。结果表明使用速度面元法计算风轮绕流场具有较高的计算精度和求解效率,为大规模风力机群的流场计算和出力预报提供支撑。 相似文献
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Edgewise vibrations in wind turbine blades are lightly damped, and large amplitude vibrations induced by the turbulence may significantly shorten the fatigue life of the blade. This paper investigates the performance of roller dampers for mitigation of edgewise vibrations in rotating wind turbine blades. Normally, the centrifugal acceleration of the rotating blade can reach to a magnitude of 7–8g, which makes it possible to use this kind of damper with a relatively small mass ratio for suppressing edgewise vibrations effectively. The parameters of the damper to be optimized are the mass ratio, the frequency ratio, the coefficient of rolling friction and the position of the damper in the blade. The optimization of these parameters has been carried out on a reduced 2-DOF nonlinear model of the rotating wind turbine blade equipped with a roller damper in terms of a ball or a cylinder, ignoring the coupling with other degrees of freedom of the wind turbine. The edgewise modal loading on the blade has been calculated from a more sophisticated 13-DOF aeroelastic wind turbine model with due consideration to the indicated couplings, the turbulence and the aerodynamic damping. Various turbulence intensities and mean wind speeds have been considered to evaluate the effectiveness of the roller damper in reducing edgewise vibrations when the working conditions of the wind turbine are changed. Further, the optimized roller damper is incorporated into the 13-DOF wind turbine model to verify the application of the decoupled optimization. The results indicate that the proposed damper can effectively improve the structural response of wind turbine blades. 相似文献
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风力机叶片21%相对厚度翼型粗糙敏感性研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
基于变速变桨水平轴风力机,依据动量叶素理论和风力机实例,分析得出了叶片外侧翼型(包括21%相对厚度翼型)在低于额定风速变速运行阶段的粗糙敏感性评价指标为升力系数和升阻比的下降率;提出了根据升、阻力系数对输出功率的作用大小来确定两粗糙敏感性评价指标权重系数的方法,并用实例演示了21%相对厚度翼型粗糙敏感性评判基准的获得;另外,通过正交设计、XFOIL软件几何造型与气动计算和方差分析得出了翼型各几何参数在不同雷诺数下对粗糙敏感性不同评价指标的影响程度和最优组合是不一样的。本文结论可为不同风况下风力机翼型的设计和粗糙敏感性评价提供参考。 相似文献
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N. Dervilis M. Choi S.G. Taylor R.J. Barthorpe G. Park C.R. Farrar K. Worden 《Journal of sound and vibration》2014
With the increased interest in implementation of wind turbine power plants in remote areas, structural health monitoring (SHM) will be one of the key cards in the efficient establishment of wind turbines in the energy arena. Detection of blade damage at an early stage is a critical problem, as blade failure can lead to a catastrophic outcome for the entire wind turbine system. Experimental measurements from vibration analysis were extracted from a 9 m CX-100 blade by researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) throughout a full-scale fatigue test conducted at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and National Wind Technology Center (NWTC). The blade was harmonically excited at its first natural frequency using a Universal Resonant EXcitation (UREX) system. In the current study, machine learning algorithms based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), including an Auto-Associative Neural Network (AANN) based on a standard ANN form and a novel approach to auto-association with Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) networks are used, which are optimised for fast and efficient runs. This paper introduces such pattern recognition methods into the wind energy field and attempts to address the effectiveness of such methods by combining vibration response data with novelty detection techniques. 相似文献
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We propose an all-fiber, self-calibrating, economical probe that is capable of near-real-time, single-port, simultaneous blade-to-blade tip-clearance measurements with submillimeter accuracy (typically < 100 microm, absolute) in the first stages of a gas turbine. Our probe relies on the interference between backreflected light from the blade tips during the 1-micros blade passage time and a frequency-shifted reference with variable time delay, making use of a low-coherence light source. A single optical fiber of arbitrary length connects the self-contained optics and electronics to the turbine. 相似文献
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针对具有很强非线性的风力机桨叶系统,利用动量矩定理,建立桨叶动力学数学模型,采用自适应反演控制,设计独立变桨鲁棒自适应桨距角跟踪控制器。该控制方法采用在实际控制量中,引入自适应鲁棒项,克服和消除不确定性对桨叶系统的影响。利用Matlab/Simulink软件,搭建风力机仿真平台,仿真结果验证了所提出控制方法的可行性和有效性。在桨叶系统参数不确定、受到未知不平衡载荷的情况下,经过自适应过程,设计的控制器较好地实现了风力机桨叶桨距角独立、快速跟踪各自期望的桨距角。 相似文献
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One of the basic methods to improve both the thermal efficiency and power output of a gas turbine is to increase the firing temperature. However, gas turbine blades are easily damaged in harsh high-temperature and high-pressure environments. Therefore, ensuring that the blade temperature remains within the design limits is very important. There are unsolved problems in blade temperature measurement, relating to the emissivity of the blade surface, influences of the combustion gases, and reflections of radiant energy from the surroundings. In this study, the emissivity of blade surfaces has been measured, with errors reduced by a fitting method, influences of the combustion gases have been calculated for different operational conditions, and a reflection model has been built. An iterative computing method is proposed for calculating blade temperatures, and the experimental results show that this method has high precision. 相似文献