Research progress of rapid detection of typical environmental pollutants based on chromatographic technologiesEI北大核心CSCD

对复杂环境介质中的典型污染物进行快速、精准甚至远程连续自动的检测,是控制环境污染、确保环境和生态安全的重要前提。近年来,基于色谱技术的典型环境污染物快速检测方法发展迅猛,主要包括样品快速制备和目标物快速检测两方面。辅助萃取、快速液相萃取、QuEChERS等样品前处理方法具有萃取效率高、溶剂消耗少、操作简便快速等优点。快速检测技术可在几秒到半小时内提供检测结果,主要包括实验室和现场检测。本文综述了2019年以来基于色谱技术的典型环境污染物快速检测研究新进展。介绍了萃取技术和基于试验设计的样品快速制备,实验室快速检测、便携仪器现场检测及遥感技术远程检测,提出了色谱技术快速检测环境污染物的挑战和展望。     

Recent progress in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the detection of environmental pollutants

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as one of the most promising analytical tools in recent years. Due to advantageous features such as sensitivity, specificity, ease of operation and rapidity, SERS is particularly well suited for environmental analysis. We summarize here some considerations with respect to the detection of pollutants by SERS and provide an overview on recent achievements in the determination of organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, and pathogens. Following an introduction into the topic and considering aspects of sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility and portability, we are summarizing applications of SERS in the detection of pollutants, with sections on organic pollutants (pesticides, PAHs and PCBs, explosives), on heavy metal ions, and on pathogens. In addition, we discuss current challenges and give an outlook on applications of SERS in environmental analysis. Contains 174 references.

Topical advances in nanomaterials based electrochemical sensors for resorcinol detection

The ever-increasing environmental pollution is a severe threat to the ecosystem’s healthy sustainability, and therefore environmental monitoring of these pollutants has become a burning issue throughout the world. In recent years, cost-effective, selective, portable, sensitive, and rapid sensing devices must be developed in urgent need. Advancement in nanotechnology has urged the use of different types of nanomaterials as an excellent electrode material to amplify the electrochemical detection in terms of long-term stability and electrocatalytic activity of the electrochemical sensors in addition to fulfill the aforementioned desires. This review article intimates significant advancement in developing the enzymatic and non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors based on different nanomaterials for the detection of resorcinol (RS) in the absence or presence of other phenolic compounds. This also concludes the current associated challenges as well as future perspectives for the analysis of RS in the environment. There is plethora of reported articles on RS sensors, but this review mainly discusses the selective reports on the applications of RS sensors.     

水环境中六六六和汞的富集分离

污染物富集分离是环境样品前处理过程中的关键环节,对污染物分析监测的准确性和灵敏性至关重要。目前,有效的富集分离仍然是环境分析的瓶颈问题。本文以水中典型的有机污染物六六六和无机污染物汞为对象,结合近期最新的研究报道,概述了水体环境中六六六和汞富集分离的研究新进展,就环境纳米材料在富集分离过程中的应用提出了存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

微流控纸芯片在环境分析检测中的应用

近年来,微流控纸芯片由于低成本、便携化、检测快等优点,在需要快速检测的环境分析领域中展现出了巨大的应用前景.该综述从微流控纸芯片在环境分析中的应用角度,总结归纳了微流控纸芯片在环境分析中的最新研究进展,并展望了其在未来的发展趋势与挑战.论文内容引用150余篇源于科学引文索引(SCI)与中文核心期刊中的相关论文.该综述包...     

Advances in sample preparation in chromatography for organic environmental pollutants analyses

Many pollutants are present at trace level in our environment, which are beyond the scope of the detection by advance instruments too. Therefore, there is urgent need to develop advance sample preparation methods to determine the concentrations of the pollutants even at trace levels. Keeping this into consideration, many extraction techniques have been developed and applied for the analysis of organic pollutants in environmental samples. This review presents the sate-of-the-art of sample preparation methods in environmental samples. The extraction techniques discussed are headspace, liquid based extraction, supported liquid, homogeneous liquid–liquid, homogeneous liquid–liquid, single drop micro-extraction, membrane assisted solvent, solid-phase, molecularly imprinted solid-phase, monolithic spin column, matrix solid-phase, dispersive solid-phase, disposable pipette, magnetic solid-phase, solid-phase micro-extraction, micro-extraction by packed sorbent and stir bar sorptive. The article will be highly useful for environmental chromatographers.     

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) combined with nanomaterials as electrochemical sensing applications for environmental pollutants

It is known that environmental pollution, which is the result of human-induced industrial, domestic, and agricultural practices, poses a threat to our planet. The increasing human population caused several problems such as water and air pollution, which have reached levels threatening human health. There are many different hazardous chemical and biological environmental pollutants in soil, air, and wastewater. It is extremely important to evaluate these health risks and detect these pollutants. The use of electrochemical methods for the detection of environmental pollutants comes to the forefront recently with advantages such as sensitivity, fast response, low cost, and practical use by miniaturization. The molecular imprinting technique is a popular method used for substance analysis by creating a cavity specific to the substance to be analyzed with the polymer used. The use of molecularly imprinted polymer in electrochemical methods and its modification with various nanomaterials bring advantages such as high selectivity, robustness, and sensitivity to electrochemical sensors. Here, the sensitive determination of environmental pollutants with different nanomaterial-modified molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensors, the use of different polymerization techniques, and nano-sized modification agents in sensors are evaluated by reviewing recent studies in the literature.     

碳点在抗生素分析检测中的应用

抗生素的过度使用对环境造成了极大破坏,对其进行监测控制刻不容缓.常用的分析检测技术,如高效液相色谱(HPLC)、气相色谱(GC)、高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)等具有高效快速、重现性好、可自动化操作等优点.但对环境样品中抗生素的检测存在样品前处理过程繁琐、检测灵敏度低、实验成本高等问题.结合现有的检测技...     

Understanding signal amplification strategies of nanostructured electrochemical sensors for environmental pollutants

Nanomaterials used in electrochemical sensors can significantly improve the analytical performance to environmental pollutants. This review mainly discusses the strategies for signal amplification by the rational design of nanoelectrode materials from the perspective of mass and electron transfer processes of electrode/solution interface. First, the advantages and features of nanostructured electrochemical sensors for environmental pollutants are summarized. Then, the detailed discussions are focused on the signal amplification strategies by regulating dimensionality, atomic arrangement, and composition of electrode materials. This review gives a unique insight about the influences of electrode material design on mass and electron transfer processes of electrochemical sensors. Finally, on the basis of the current achievements in the field of nanomaterials, the perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for the exploration of nanostructured electrochemical sensors are put forward.     

Layered photocatalytic nanomaterials for environmental applications

The increasing pollution and human demand for a cleaner environment have made achieving the environmental sustainability a current research focus. As a “green” technology, semiconductor photocatalysis is of great significance to the environmental purification. Benefiting from the unique anisotropic crystal structure and electronic properties, layered photocatalytic nanomaterials show great potential for efficient photocatalytic environmental treatment. This review comprehensively summarizes the recent progress on layered photocatalytic nanomaterials for oxidation or reduction of pollutants in water and air along with the basic understanding of related mechanisms and developments in this field. First, the existing diversified layered photocatalysts are classified, and their different synthesis and modification strategies are discussed in detail to provide a comprehensive view of the material design that affects their photocatalytic performance. Subsequently, the extensive applications of the above-mentioned layered photocatalytic nanomaterials in environmental fields are systematically summarized, including photooxidation of water and air pollutants, and photoreduction of heavy metal pollutants, NO₃^?, BrO₃^? and CO₂. Finally, based on the current research achievements in layered photocatalysts for environmental remediation, the future development direction and challenges are proposed.     

SERS detection of environmental pollutants in humic acid-gold nanoparticle composite materials

Humic acid (HA) solutions provide an unexpected medium for direct fabrication of gold nanoparticles (HA-AuNP) and a clear window for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with many potential applications in the ultrasensitive chemical analysis of environmental pollutants. It is demonstrated that the HA-AuNP fabrication can be easily achieved in a wide range of pH (2 to 12). The background SERS spectra of HA is relatively weak in absolute intensity, allowing the detection of the enhanced Raman signal from trace amount of contaminants. An in-situ approach is illustrated where the HA-AuNP fabrication is carried out with a HA solution containing the target pollutant. The technique may allow for the direct detection of organic pollutants present in the humic fraction of soil.     

New challenges in environmental analytical chemistry: Identification of toxic compounds in complex mixtures

Toxic effects evidenced in the environment are most often caused by mixtures of known and unknown pollutants. One of the key challenges in environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology is to characterize and identify those toxicants in relation with the effect. However, many of the current bottlenecks in the assessment of organic contaminants in our environment are related to the difficulty of evaluating various chemical classes and biological effects within complex mixtures and more precisely to link both approaches. To tackle these analytical challenges, the bioanalytical concept has emerged during the last decade. In this article, we describe through some outstanding examples the current limitations in the chemical-driven approach such as problems encountered for a correct evaluation of water quality when the continuous introduction of new chemicals has to be taken into account in monitoring for correct evaluation of this quality and could led to tremendous analytical costs or some of the integrated bioanalytical approaches as promising powerful tools to improve environmental risk assessment by taking into account the link presence/effect.     

Passive sampling as a tool for obtaining reliable analytical information in environmental quality monitoring

Passive sampling technology has been developing very quickly for the past 20 years, and is widely used for monitoring pollutants in different environments, for example air, water, and soil. It has many significant advantages, including simplicity, low cost, no need for expensive and complicated equipment, no power requirements, unattended operation, and the ability to produce accurate results. The present generation of passive samplers enables detection and analysis of bioavailable pollutants at low and very low concentrations and investigation of the environmental concentration of organic and inorganic pollutants not only on the local scale but also on continental and global scales. This review describes the current application of passive sampling techniques in environmental analysis and monitoring, under both equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions.     

Preconcentration of contaminants in water analysis

Among the environmental areas, in this review attention will be focused on water matrices and both on organic (e.g., pesticides, herbicides, phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), inorganic species and anion pollutants, since these kinds of substances include a wide number of compounds with different physical and chemical properties and different effects on human health. Analytical methods for control of quality of waters are required to be highly specific and possibly highly sensitive for the determination of even low amounts of pollutants. The main problems encountered during the analysis are the separation of matrix components from the pollutants of interest and the achievement of low detection limits. Therefore an overview on different materials and techniques available for sample concentration and/or matrix removal will be provided and discussed according to the chemical characteristics of the pollutant that has to be enriched.     

Ion chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry for the identification of low-molecular-weight organic acids during the 2,4-dichlorophenol degradation

End-product identification of organic pollutants during oxidation water treatments is of environmental concern due to their potential toxicity. In this work the coupling of ion chromatography (IC), equipped with a membrane ion suppressor, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been successfully exploited for the identification of novel low molecular weight organic acids formed as final by-products of 2,4-dichloro-phenol (DCP) degradation by Fenton's reagent, an oxidation method widely employed to degrade recalcitrant organic pollutants in industrial wastewater. The IC-ESI-MS analytical set-up not only allowed the detection of known organic acids but also the identification of 13 new low molecular weight organic acids as a result of extensive oxidation of the parent organic pollutant. Some of the novel organic acids were shown to be chlorine containing by-products and, consequently, of environmental concern. The analytical set-up could be used for characterizing the unknown organic carbon fraction arising from oxidation water treatments.     

Carbon quantum dots-based semiconductor preparation methods,applications and mechanisms in environmental contamination

Photocatalyst is the most widespread method in advanced oxidation technologies, but due to the photo-induced electron combine easily with hole and the wavelength of adsorption is limited which will affect some practical applications. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) is non-toxic and harmless green materials, it has the ability to improve the photocatalytic effect which is attributed to its good electrical and optical properties. Their up-conversion effect, photosensitization and electrical conductivity are assistants which help promote the photocatalytic effect in environmental applications. The key mechanisms of CQDs to improve photocatalysis can be roughly divided into three categories: 1) Up-conversion effect converts the incident light into the emitted light with high energy to solve the problem which is the light absorption range; 2) CQDs act as a photosensitizer instead of valence band to provide electrons to the conduction band of semiconductor; 3) CQDs can be used as the internal or external electronic conductor in materials to alleviate the trend of electron and hole separation. However, CQDs and CQDs-based photocatalysts have different views to solve environmental problems, so it is necessary to integrate different views. Therefore, this review is mainly aimed at the recent researches about the preparation processes of CQD, CQDs-based photocatalysts, and their ability to remove environmental pollutants, with a special emphasis on the mechanism for depredating pollutants. Furthermore, this paper analyzes and discusses the prospects and challenges of CQDs in the environmental field.     

Nanoparticles in electrochemical sensors for environmental monitoring

We review the state-of-the-art application of nanoparticles (NPs) in electrochemical analysis of environmental pollutants. We summarize methods for preparing NPs and modifying electrode surfaces with NPs. We describe several examples of applications in environmental electrochemical sensors and performance in terms of sensitivity and selectivity for both metal and metal-oxide NPs. We present recent trends in the beneficial use of NPs in constructing electrochemical sensors for environmental monitoring and discuss future challenges.NPs have promising potential to increase competitiveness of electrochemical sensors in environmental monitoring, though research has focused mainly on development of methodology for fabricating new sensors, and the number of studies for optimizing the performance of sensors and the applicability to real samples is still limited.     

Biosensors for effective environmental and agrifood protection and commercialization: from research to market

Biosensors are projected to find many applications due to their high selectivity and sensitivity, rapid reaction, economy and ease of handling in field measurements. Even though biosensors for a wide range of environmental pollutants have been extensively reported in the literature, the decision to develop a suitable biosensing system that can be approved by a regulatory perspective for environmental applications is fraught with technical issues. These issues mainly concern the biological recognition element, the physico-chemical transducer and the interfaces between the biological and the physical components, but also aspects of fluidics, electronics, and software for data processing. This article reviews methods together with a process to move biosensor technology from research laboratories to market, focusing as a case in point on challenges and possible opportunities in the development of photosynthetic-based biosensors for environmental applications.     

Fabricating of Acetylcholine Biosensor by a Layer‐by‐layer Deposition Technique for Determining Trichlorfon

An acetylcholine (ACh) biosensor has been fabricated with bienzymes/poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) multilayer film‐modified platinum (Pt) electrodes by a layer‐by‐layer technique (LBL). The ACh biosensor was optimized and the properties are described. This ACh biosensor was used for the detection of organophosphate pesticide trichlorfon. The detection limits (found 0.001 μg/mL for trichlorfon) make it possible to detect the pollutants. This simple protocol of biosensor preparation, high sensitivity and stability are very promising for the determination of environmental pollutants in field conditions.