Experimental aspects of an NMR quantum computer with CeP

An NMR quantum computer based on an integrated device with CeP has been proposed by Yamaguchi and Yamamoto [Appl. Phys. A 68 1 (1999)]. We point out two problems in their scheme. We also investigate experimentally the ³¹P NMR spectra for our CeP. From the line width, we find that improvement of the sample quality is necessary to satisfy the experimental conditions for a quantum computer.     

Experimental realization of Deutsch's algorithm in a one-way quantum computer

We report the first experimental demonstration of an all-optical one-way implementation of Deutsch's quantum algorithm on a four-qubit cluster state. All the possible configurations of a balanced or constant function acting on a two-qubit register are realized within the measurement-based model for quantum computation. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with the theoretical model, therefore demonstrating the successful performance of the algorithm.     

Experimental realization of quantum games on a quantum computer

We generalize the quantum prisoner's dilemma to the case where the players share a nonmaximally entangled states. We show that the game exhibits an intriguing structure as a function of the amount of entanglement with two thresholds which separate a classical region, an intermediate region, and a fully quantum region. Furthermore this quantum game is experimentally realized on our nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computer.     

Implementation of the quantum order-finding algorithm on two qudits

A quantum circuit has been proposed for the algorithm for finding the permutation order on two qudits with the number of levels d ₁ and d ₂. The sequence of the RF pulses for implementing the algorithm on two quadrupole nuclei I ₁ = 7/2 (d ₁ = 8) and I ₂ = 3/2 (d ₂ = 4) has been calculated and the algorithm has been numerically simulated. A method for preparing pseudopure states has been presented. A comparison with the implementation of the algorithm by NMR methods on five qubits has been performed.     

Experimental demonstration of a programmable quantum computer by NMR

A programmable quantum computer is experimentally demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance using one qubit for the program and two qubits for data. A non-separable two-qubit operation is performed in a programmable way to show the successful demonstration. Projective measurements required in the programmable quantum computer are simulated by averaging the results of experiments just like when producing an effective pure state.     

Experimental realization of discrete fourier transformation on NMR quantum computers

We report the experimental implementation of discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) on a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computer. Experimental results agree well with the theoretical ones. With the pulse sequences that we propose and the refocusing pulse sequences that one uses to suppress unwanted one-spin and two-spin interactions, the DFT can, in principle, be realized on anyL-bit quantum number.     

Experimental quantum deletion in an NMR quantum information processor

We report an NMR experimental realization of a rapid quantum deletion algorithm that deletes marked states in an unsorted database.Unlike classical deletion,where search and deletion are equivalent,quantum deletion can be implemented with only a single query,which achieves exponential speed-up compared to the optimal classical analog.In the experimental realization,the GRAPE algorithm was used to obtain an optimized NMR pulse sequence,and the efficient method of maximum-likelihood has been used to reconstruct the experimental output state.     

Buckyball quantum computer: realization of a quantum gate

We have studied a system composed by two endohedral fullerene molecules. We have found that this system can be used as good candidate for the realization of quantum gates. Each of these molecules encapsules an atom carrying a spin, therefore they interact through the spin dipole interaction. We show that a phase gate can be realized if we apply static and time dependent magnetic fields on each encased spin. We have evaluated the operational time of a π-phase gate, which is of the order of ns. We made a comparison between the theoretical estimation of the gate time and the experimental decoherence time for each spin. The comparison shows that the spin relaxation time is much larger than the π-gate operational time. Therefore, this indicates that, during the decoherence time, it is possible to perform some thousands of quantum computational operations. Moreover, through the study of concurrence, we get very good results for the entanglement degree of the two-qubit system. This finding opens a new avenue for the realization of quantum computers.     

Experimental realization of information transmission between not-directly-coupled spins on NMR quantum computers

This paper presents a simple scheme for information transmission between two non-directly interactive qubits in an n-qubit system. An example has been realized on a three-qubit nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer quantum computer. The experimental result successfully demonstrates that the feasible measure can also be extended to other quantum logical gates, or other quantum algorithms, where some qubits have no direct interactions in a multi-qubit system.     

Experimental implementation of an adiabatic quantum optimization algorithm

We report the realization of a nuclear magnetic resonance computer with three quantum bits that simulates an adiabatic quantum optimization algorithm. Adiabatic quantum algorithms offer new insight into how quantum resources can be used to solve hard problems. This experiment uses a particularly well-suited three quantum bit molecule and was made possible by introducing a technique that encodes general instances of the given optimization problem into an easily applicable Hamiltonian. Our results indicate an optimal run time of the adiabatic algorithm that agrees well with the prediction of a simple decoherence model.     

An all-silicon linear chain NMR quantum computer

An updated version of our all-silicon quantum computing scheme [T.D. Ladd, J.R. Goldman, F. Yamaguchi, Y. Yamamoto, E. Abe, K.M. Itoh, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 017901. [3]] and the experimental progress towards its realization are discussed. We emphasize the importance of revisiting a wide range of isotope effects which have been explored over the past several decades for the construction of solid-state silicon quantum computers. Using RF decoupling techniques [T.D. Ladd, D. Maryenko, Y. Yamamoto, E. Abe, K.M. Itoh, Phys. Rev. B. 71 (2005) 014401] phase decoherence times T₂=25 s of ²⁹Si nuclear spins in single-crystal Si have been obtained at room temperature. We show that a linear chain of ²⁹Si stable isotopes with nuclear spin I=1/2 embedded in a spin free ²⁸Si stable isotope matrix can form an ideal building block for solid-state quantum information processors, especially, in the form of a quantum memory which requires a large number of operations within T₂ for the continuous error correction.     

Experimental realization of a quantum spin pump

We demonstrate the operation of a quantum spin pump based on cyclic radio-frequency excitation of a GaAs quantum dot, including the ability to pump pure spin without pumping charge. The device takes advantage of bidirectional mesoscopic fluctuations of pumped current, made spin dependent by the application of an in-plane Zeeman field. Spin currents are measured by placing the pump in a focusing geometry with a spin-selective collector.     

An NMR quantum computer of the semiconductor CdTe

We propose a method to implement a quantum computer by solid-state NMR. We can use the J-coupling for the quantum gate in CdTe. Both Cd and Te have two isotopes with spin 1/2, then we can have 4-qubits. The decoherence by dipole interaction may be minimized by preparing the isotope superlattice grown in the order of—¹¹¹Cd–¹²³Te–¹¹³Cd–¹²⁵Te—in the [111] direction and by applying the magnetic field in the direction of [100], the magic angle of the dipole interaction. The optical pumping technique can be used in CdTe to make the initialization of the qubits.     

Experimental simulation of the Unruh effect on an NMR quantum simulator

A triad mode resonance, or three-wave resonance, is typical of dynamical systems with quadratic nonlinearities. Suspended cables are found to be rich in triad mode resonant dynamics. In this paper, modulation equations for cable’s triad resonance are formulated by the multiple scale method. Dynamic conservative quantities, i.e., mode energy and Manley-Rowe relations, are then constructed. Equilibrium/dynamic solutions of the modulation equations are obtained, and full investigations into their stability and bifurcation characteristics are presented. Various bifurcation behaviors are detected in cable’s triad resonant responses, such as saddle-node, Hopf, pitchfork and period-doubling bifurcations. Nonlinear behaviors, like jump and saturation phenomena, are also found in cable’s responses. Based upon the bifurcation analysis, two interesting properties associated with activation of cable’s triad resonance are also proposed, i.e., energy barrier and directional dependence. The first gives the critical amplitude of high-frequency mode to activate cable’s triad resonance, and the second characterizes the degree of difficulty for activating cable’s triad resonance in two opposite directions, i.e., with positive or negative internal detuning parameter.     

Experimental simulation of the Unruh effect on an NMR quantum simulator

The Unruh effect is one of the most fundamental manifestations of the fact that the particle content of a field theory is observer dependent. However, there has been so far no experimental verification of this effect, as the associated temperatures lie far below any observable threshold. Recently, physical phenomena, which are of great experimental challenge, have been investigated by quantum simulations in various fields. Here we perform a proof-of-principle simulation of the evolution of fermionic modes under the Unruh effect with a nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) quantum simulator. By the quantum simulator, we experimentally demonstrate the behavior of Unruh temperature with acceleration, and we further investigate the quantum correlations quantified by quantum discord between two fermionic modes as seen by two relatively accelerated observers. It is shown that the quantum correlations can be created by the Unruh effect from the classically correlated states. Our work may provide a promising way to explore the quantum physics of accelerated systems.     

Experimental realization of one-way quantum computing with two-photon four-qubit cluster states

We report an experimental realization of one-way quantum computing on a two-photon four-qubit cluster state. This is accomplished by developing a two-photon cluster state source entangled both in polarization and spatial modes. With this special source, we implemented a highly efficient Grover's search algorithm and high-fidelity two-qubit quantum gates. Our experiment demonstrates that such cluster states could serve as an ideal source and a building block for rapid and precise optical quantum computation.     

Experimental realization of quantum cryptography communication in free space

Quantum cryptography is a new secure communication protocol with the combina- tion of quantum mechanics and information theory[1]. Its security depends on the laws of physics and has been proved strictly[2,3]. Quantum communication is the art of generat- ing and transmitting the keys through a quantum channel between two parties, usually called Alice and Bob. Unlike the classical key distribution, the quantum keys are gener- ated in the process of transmission instantaneously. The keys can be…     

Experimental realization of entanglement concentration and a quantum repeater

We report an experimental realization of entanglement concentration using two polarization-entangled photon pairs produced by pulsed parametric down-conversion. In the meantime, our setup also provides a proof-in-principle demonstration of a quantum repeater. The quality of our procedure is verified by observing a violation of Bell's inequality by more than 5 standard deviations. The high experimental accuracy achieved in the experiment implies that the requirement of tolerable error rate in multistage realization of quantum repeaters can be fulfilled, hence providing a useful toolbox for quantum communication over large distances.     

A quantum computer on the basis of an atomic quantum transistor with built-in quantum memory

A quantum transistor based quantum computer where the multiqubit quantum memory is a component of the quantum transistor and, correspondingly, takes part in the performance of quantum logical operations is considered. Proceeding from the generalized Jaynes–Cummings model, equations for coefficients of the wave function of the quantum system under consideration have been obtained for different stages of its evolution in processes of performing logical operations. The solution of the system of equations allows one to establish requirements that are imposed on the parameters of the initial Hamiltonian and must be satisfied for the effective operation of the computer; it also demonstrates the possibility of a universal set of quantum operations. Thus, based on the proposed approach, the possibility of constructing a compact multiatomic ensemble based on quantum computer using a quantum transistor for the implementation of two-qubit gates has been demonstrated.