Means on equivalence relations

Suppose that X is a Polish space and E is a countable Borel equivalence relation on X. We show that if there is a Borel assignment of means to the equivalence classes of E, then E is smooth. We also show that if there is a Baire measurable assignment of means to the equivalence classes of E, then E is generically smooth. Research partially supported by NSF Grants DMS-9987437 and DMS-0455285. Research partially supported by NSF VIGRE Grant DMS-0502315.     

Oscillation in ergodic theory: Higher dimensional results

In this paper we continue our investigations of square function inequalities. The results in [9] are primarily one dimensional, and here we extend all the results to multi-dimensional averages. Our basic tool is still a comparison of the ergodic averages with various dyadic (reversed) martingales, but the Fourier transform arguments are replaced by more geometric almost orthogonality arguments. The results imply the pointwise ergodic theorem for the action of commuting measure preserving transformations, and give additional information such as control of the number of upcrossings of the ergodic averages. Related differentiation results are also discussed. R. Jones is partially supported by NSF Grant DMS-9531526. J. Rosenblatt is partially supported by NSF Grant DMS-9705228. M. Wierdl is partially supported by NSF Grant DMS-9801602.     

A Semidefinite Programming Heuristic for Quadratic Programming Problems with Complementarity Constraints

The presence of complementarity constraints brings a combinatorial flavour to an optimization problem. A quadratic programming problem with complementarity constraints can be relaxed to give a semidefinite programming problem. The solution to this relaxation can be used to generate feasible solutions to the complementarity constraints. A quadratic programming problem is solved for each of these feasible solutions and the best resulting solution provides an estimate for the optimal solution to the quadratic program with complementarity constraints. Computational testing of such an approach is described for a problem arising in portfolio optimization.Research supported in part by the National Science Foundations VIGRE Program (Grant DMS-9983646).Research partially supported by NSF Grant number CCR-9901822.     

Heegner points,cycles and Maass forms

We derive for Hecke-Maass cusp forms on the full modular group a relation between the sum of the form at Heegner points (and integrals over Heegner cycles) and the product of two Fourier coefficients of a corresponding form of half-integral weight. Specializing to certain cycles we obtain the nonnegativity of theL-function of such a form at the center of the critical strip. These results generalize similar formulae known for holomorphic forms. Partially supported by NSF grant # DMS-9096262. Partially supported by NSF grant # DMS-9102082.     

A new class of Zienkiewicz-type non-conforming element in any dimensions

In this paper, a new class of Zienkiewicz-type non-conforming finite element, in n spatial dimensions with n ≥ 2, is proposed. The new finite element is proved to be convergent for the biharmonic equation. The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10571006). This work was supported in part by NSF DMS-0209497 and NSF DMS-0215392 and the Changjiang Professorship through Peking University.     

Perfect matchings in balanced hypergraphs

We generalize Hall's condition for the existence of a perfect matching in a bipartite graph, to balanced hypergraphs.This work was partially supported in part by NSF grants DMI-9424348, DMS-9509581 and ONR grant N00014-89-J-1063. Ajai Kapoor was also supported by a grant from Gruppo Nazionale Delle Riccerche-CNR. Finally, we acknowledge the support of Laboratiore ARTEMIS, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble.     

Central Value Of Automorphic <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis>-Functions

We prove a generalization to the totally real field case of the Waldspurger’s formula relating the Fourier coefficient of a half integral weight form and the central value of the L-function of an integral weight form. Our proof is based on a new interpretation of Waldspurger’s formula as a combination of two ingredients – an equality between global distributions, and a dichotomy result for theta correspondence. As applications we generalize the Kohnen–Zagier formula for holomorphic forms and prove the equivalence of the Ramanujan conjecture for half integral weight forms and a case of the Lindel?f hypothesis for integral weight forms. We also study the Kohnen space in the adelic setting. The first author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0070762. The second author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0355285. Received: July 2005 Accepted: August 2005     

Singularities on complete algebraic varieties

We prove that any finite set of n-dimensional isolated algebraic singularities can be afforded on a simply connected projective variety. The first author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-01591 and the third author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-03693     

Ends of graphed equivalence relations,I

Given a countable Borel equivalence relation E on a Polish space, we show: (1) E admits an endless graphing if and only if E is smooth; (2) E admits a locally finite single-ended graphing if and only if E is aperiodic; (3) E admits a graphing for which there is a Borel way of selecting two ends from each component if and only if E is hyperfinite; and (4) E admits a graphing for which there is a Borel way of selecting a finite set of at least three ends from each component if and only if E is smooth. The author was supported in part by NSF VIGRE Grant DMS-0502315.     

Flexible piecewise approximations based on partition of unity

In this paper, we study a flexible piecewise approximation technique based on the use of the idea of the partition of unity. The approximations are piecewisely defined, globally smooth up to any order, enjoy polynomial reproducing conditions, and satisfy nodal interpolation conditions for function values and derivatives of any order. We present various properties of the approximations, that are desirable properties for optimal order convergence in solving boundary value problems. AMS subject classification 65N30, 65D05Weimin Han: Corresponding author. The work of this author was partially supported by NSF under grant DMS-0106781.Wing Kam Liu: The work of this author was supported by NSF.     

The Morley element for fourth order elliptic equations in any dimensions

In this paper, the well-known nonconforming Morley element for biharmonic equations in two spatial dimensions is extended to any higher dimensions in a canonical fashion. The general n-dimensional Morley element consists of all quadratic polynomials defined on each n-simplex with degrees of freedom given by the integral average of the normal derivative on each (n-1)-subsimplex and the integral average of the function value on each (n-2)-subsimplex. Explicit expressions of nodal basis functions are also obtained for this element on general n-simplicial grids. Convergence analysis is given for this element when it is applied as a nonconforming finite element discretization for the biharmonic equation. The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10571006). This work was supported in part by NSF DMS-0209497 and NSF DMS-0215392 and the Changjiang Professorship through Peking University.     

Uniform consistency of automatic and location-adaptive delta-sequence estimators

Summary The class of delta-sequence estimators for a probability density includes the kernel, histogram and orthogonal series types, because each can be characterized as a collection of averages of some function that is indexed by a smoothing parameter. There are two important extensions of this class. The first allows a random smoothing parameter, for example that specified by a cross-validation method. The second allows the smoothing parameter to be a function of location, for example an estimator based on nearest-neighbor distance. In this paper a general method is presented which establishes uniform consistency for all of these estimators.Research partially supported by AFOSR Grant No. S-49620-82-C-0144, and by NSF Grant DMS-850-3347Research supported by NSF Grant DMS-8400602     

A partition relation for successors of Large Cardinals

We address partition problems of Erd?s and Hajnal by showing that for all , if and carries a -dense ideal. If is measurable we show that for where is a very large ordinal less than that is closed under all primitive recursive ordinal operations. Received: 27 June 2001 / Revised version: 5 December 2001 / Published online: 4 February 2003 The first author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0101155 and the Equipe d'Analyse Univ. of Paris 6. The second author was partially supported by NSF grants DMS-0072560 and DMS-9704477.     

Bessel identities in the waldspurger correspondence over the real numbers

We prove certain identities between Bessel functions attached to irreducible unitary representations ofPGL ₂(R) and Bessel functions attached to irreducible unitary representations of the double cover ofSL ₂(R). These identities give a correspondence between such representations which turns out to be the Waldspurger correspondence. In the process we prove several regularity theorems for Bessel distributions which appear in the relative trace formula. In the heart of the proof lies a classical result of Weber and Hardy on a Fourier transform of classical Bessel functions. This paper constitutes the local (real) spectral theory of the relative trace formula for the Waldspurger correspondence for which the global part was developed by Jacquet. Research of first author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0070762. Research of second author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-9729992 and DMS 9971003.     

On groups of hyperbolic length

We investigate the recently introduced notion of rotation numbers for periodic orbits of interval maps. We identify twist orbits, that is those orbits that are the simplest ones with given rotation number. We estimate from below the topological entropy of a map having an orbit with given rotation number. Our estimates are sharp: there are unimodal maps where the equality holds. We also discuss what happens for maps with larger modality. In the Appendix we present a new approach to the problem of monotonicity of entropy in one-parameter families of unimodal maps. This work was partially done during the first author’s visit to IUPUI (funded by a Faculty Research Grant from UAB Graduate School) and his visit to MSRI (the research at MSRI funded in part by NSF grant DMS-9022140) whose support the first author acknowledges with gratitude. The second author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-9305899, and his gratitude is as great as that of the first author.     

Busy period distribution in state-dependent queues

We consider a state-dependent M/M/1 queue in which the arrival rate is a function of the instantaneous unfinished work (work backlog) in the system, and the customer's exponential service time distribution is allowed to depend on the unfinished work in the system at the instant that customer arrived. We obtain asymptotic approximations to both the busy period distributions as well as the residual busy period distribution. Our approximations are valid for systems with a rapid arrival rate and small mean service times.This research was supported in part by NSF Grants DMS-84-06110 and DMS-86-20267 and grants from the U.S. Israel Binational Science Foundation and the Israel Academy of Sciences. C. Knessl was partially supported by an I.B.M. Graduate Fellowship.     

On the nondegeneracy of constant mean curvature surfaces

We prove that many complete, noncompact, constant mean curvature (CMC) surfaces are nondegenerate; that is, the Jacobi operator Δ_f + | A_f |² has no L² kernel. In fact, if ∑ has genus zero with k ends, and if f (∑) is embedded (or Alexandrov immersed) in a half-space, then we find an explicit upper bound for the dimension of the L² kernel in terms of the number of non-cylindrical ends. Our main tool is a conjugation operation on Jacobi fields which linearizes the conjugate cousin construction. Consequences include partial regularity for CMC moduli space, a larger class of CMC surfaces to use in gluing constructions, and a surprising characterization of CMC surfaces via spinning spheres. R.K. partially supported by NSF grants DMS-0076085 at GANG/UMass and DMS-9810361 at MSRI, and by a FUNCAP grant in Fortaleza, Brazil. J.R. partially supported by an NSF VIGRE grant at Utah. Received: January 2005; Accepted: June 2005     

Regularity of minimizers of the calculus of variations in Carnot groups via hypoellipticity of systems of Hörmander type

We prove the hypoellipticity for systems of H?rmander type with constant coefficients in Carnot groups of step 2. This result is used to implement blow-up methods and prove partial regularity for local minimizers of non-convex functionals, and for solutions of non-linear systems which appear in the study of non-isotropic metric structures with scalings. We also establish estimates of the Hausdorff dimension of the singular set. Received October 23, 2000 / final version received February 5, 2002?Published online May 15, 2002 The work of the first author was partially supported by NSF Grant No. DMS-9800794 The work of the second author was partially supported by NSF Grants No. DMS-9706892 and DMS-0070492     

Convex functions on the Heisenberg group

Convex functions in Euclidean space can be characterized as universal viscosity subsolutions of all homogeneous fully nonlinear second order elliptic partial differential equations. This is the starting point we have chosen for a theory of convex functions on the Heisenberg group.Received: 5 July 2002, Accepted: 24 October 2002, Published online: 6 June 2003Mathematics Subject Classification (1991): 49L25, 35J70, 35J67, 22E30Guozhen Lu: First author supported by US NSF grant DMS-9970352Juan J. Manfredi: Second author supported by US NSF grant DMS-0100107Bianca Stroffolini: Third author was supported by G.N.A.M.P.A. and by the 2002 projectPartial Differential Equations and Control Theory     

Robust convex quadratically constrained programs

In this paper we study robust convex quadratically constrained programs, a subset of the class of robust convex programs introduced by Ben-Tal and Nemirovski [4]. In contrast to [4], where it is shown that such robust problems can be formulated as semidefinite programs, our focus in this paper is to identify uncertainty sets that allow this class of problems to be formulated as second-order cone programs (SOCP). We propose three classes of uncertainty sets for which the robust problem can be reformulated as an explicit SOCP and present examples where these classes of uncertainty sets are natural. Research partially supported by DOE grant GE-FG01-92ER-25126, NSF grants DMS-94-14438, CDA-97-26385, DMS-01-04282 and ONR grant N000140310514.Research partially supported by NSF grants CCR-00-09972, DMS-01-04282 and ONR grant N000140310514.