Subspaces and quotients of Banach spaces with shrinking unconditional bases

The main result is that a separable Banach space with the weak* unconditional tree property is isomorphic to a subspace as well as a quotient of a Banach space with a shrinking unconditional basis. A consequence of this is that a Banach space is isomorphic to a subspace of a space with a shrinking unconditional basis if and only if it is isomorphic to a quotient of a space with a shrinking unconditional basis, which solves a problem dating to the 1970s. The proof of the main result also yields that a uniformly convex space with the unconditional tree property is isomorphic to a subspace as well as a quotient of a uniformly convex space with an unconditional finite dimensional decomposition.     

On Martingale Approximation of Adapted Processes

We show that the existence of a martingale approximation of a stationary process depends on the choice of the filtration. There exists a stationary linear process which has a martingale approximation with respect to the natural filtration, but no approximation with respect to a larger filtration with respect to which it is adapted and regular. There exists a stationary process adapted, regular, and having a martingale approximation with respect to a given filtration but not (regular and having a martingale approximation) with respect to the natural filtration.     

Four equivalent lot-sizing models

We study the following lot-sizing models that recently appeared in the literature: a lot-sizing model with a remanufacturing option, a lot-sizing model with production time windows, and a lot-sizing model with cumulative capacities. We show the equivalence of these models with a classical model: the lot-sizing model with inventory bounds.     

Strong competition model with non-uniform dispersal in a heterogeneous environment

In this study, a strong competition model was considered between two species in a heterogeneous environment. For a system with two different constant diffusion rates for each competitor, the fast diffuser can be selected evolutionally under suitable assumptions if the competing interaction between the species is strong. We also claim that a strongly interacting competition leads to a more evolutionary selection than that with the same population dynamics if a species moves with a certain non-uniform dispersal. Furthermore, species with a certain non-uniform dispersal have a competitive advantage over linear random diffusers. In addition, a species with highly sensitive dispersal response to the environment may survive. These strongly competitive advantages were demonstrated by investigating the stability of semi-trivial solutions of the system with non-uniform dispersal and comparing it to the conditions of the model with constant diffusion.     

Irreducible Apollonian Configurations and Packings

An Apollonian configuration of circles is a collection of circles in the plane with disjoint interiors such that the complement of the interiors of the circles consists of curvilinear triangles. One well-studied method of forming an Apollonian configuration is to start with three mutually tangent circles and fill a curvilinear triangle with a new circle, then repeat with each newly created curvilinear triangle. More generally, we can start with three mutually tangent circles and a rule (or rules) for how to fill a curvilinear triangle with circles.     

Bifurcations of forced oscillators with fuzzy uncertainties by the generalized cell mapping method

In this paper, bifurcations in dynamical systems with fuzzy uncertainties are studied by means of the fuzzy generalized cell mapping (FGCM) method. A bifurcation parameter is modeled as a fuzzy set with a triangular membership function. We first study a boundary crisis resulting from a collision of a fuzzy chaotic attractor with a fuzzy saddle on the basin boundary. The fuzzy chaotic attractor together with its basin of attraction is eradicated as the fuzzy control parameter reaches a critical point. We also show that a saddle-node bifurcation is caused by the collision of a fuzzy period-one attractor with a fuzzy saddle on the basin boundary. The fuzzy attractor together with its basin of attraction suddenly disappears as the fuzzy parameter passes through a critical value.     

The motion of a body with a cavity partly filled with a viscous liquid

Many papers are concerned with the dynamics of a rigid body with a cavity filled with liquid (see the bibliography in [1]). The present paper deals with the motion of a rigid body having a cavity partly filled with a viscous incompressible liquid, and having a free surface. The shape of the cavity is arbitrary. The problem is considered in a linear formulation. The oscillations of the body with respect to its center of inertia and the motion of the liquid in the cavity are assumed small. The viscosity of the liquid is considered low. The solution of the problem of the oscillations of a body with a cavity partly filled with an ideal liquid is used as an initial approximation [1 to 6]. The viscosity is taken into consideration by the boundary layer method used before in similar problems [1 and 7 to 10). General equations are derived for the dynamics of a body filled with a liquid, for an arbitrary form of cavity. The coefficients of those integro-differential equations depend only on the solution of the problem of the oscillations of a body with a cavity of the given form filled with an ideal liquid. Since the corresponding problem has been solved for cavities of many forms [1 to 6, 11 and 12] in the case of an ideal liquid, the determination of the characteristic coefficients is reduced to the evaluation of quadratures. Several particular cases of motion are considered.     

A partial differential equation connected to option pricing with stochastic volatility: Regularity results and discretization

This paper completes a previous work on a Black and Scholes equation with stochastic volatility. This is a degenerate parabolic equation, which gives the price of a European option as a function of the time, of the price of the underlying asset, and of the volatility, when the volatility is a function of a mean reverting Orstein-Uhlenbeck process, possibly correlated with the underlying asset. The analysis involves weighted Sobolev spaces. We give a characterization of the domain of the operator, which permits us to use results from the theory of semigroups. We then study a related model elliptic problem and propose a finite element method with a regular mesh with respect to the intrinsic metric associated with the degenerate operator. For the error estimate, we need to prove an approximation result.

     

On manifolds of eigenfunctions and potentials generated by a family of periodic boundary-value problems

We consider a family of boundary-value problems with some potential as a parameter. We study the manifold of normalized eigenfunctions with even number of zeros in a period, and the manifold of potentials associated with double eigenvalues. In particular, we prove that the manifold of normalized eigenfunctions is a trivial fiber space over a unit circle and that the manifold of potentials with double eigenvalues is a homotopically trivial manifold trivially imbedded into the space of potentials.     

Scalarization of Henig Proper Efficient Points in a Normed Space

In a general normed space equipped with the order induced by a closed convex cone with a base, using a family of continuous monotone Minkowski functionals and a family of continuous norms, we obtain scalar characterizations of Henig proper efficient points of a general set and a bounded set, respectively. Moreover, we give a scalar characterization of a superefficient point of a set in a normed space equipped with the order induced by a closed convex cone with a bounded base.     

Stability of equilibrium with respect to white noise

A system of ordinary differential equations with a local asymptotically stable equilibrium is considered. The problem of stability with respect to a persistent perturbation of the white noise type is discussed. Stability with given bounds is proved on a large time interval with length of the order of the squared inverse perturbation amplitude. The proof is based on the construction of a barrier function for the parabolic Kolmogorov equation associated with the perturbed dynamical system.     

On the index of caterpillars

The index of a graph is the largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. Among the trees with a fixed order and diameter, a graph with the maximal index is a caterpillar. In the set of caterpillars with a fixed order and diameter, or with a fixed degree sequence, we identify those whose index is maximal.     

Zu einigen mathematischen problemen in der theorie der transonischen strömung

The work deals with a definition of a weak solution of steady plane transonic flows past a thin profile, with the properties of the solution across a shock wave, and with a derivation of a conservative difference scheme suitable for numerical solution of the above mentioned problem by a finite difference method. The work presents several examples of numerical solution of transonic flows past a profile, through a plane cascade and some three-dimensional results. The numerical results presented are compared with experimental results or with numerical results by other authors.     

On the properties of orthorecursive expansions with respect to subspaces

In a Hilbert space, for orthorecursive expansions with respect to closed subspaces, we establish a criterion for expansions of elements of a certain finite-dimensional subspace with respect to a finite sequence of subspaces to coincide with the expanded elements. This implies a criterion for an element to be equal to its orthorecursive expansion with respect to a finite sequence of subspaces. We also obtain a number of results related to the best approximations of elements by partial sums of their orthorecursive expansions with respect to a sequence of finite-dimensional subspaces.     

Filtration perverse et théorie de Hodge

The compatibility of the perverse filtration with Hodge theory with coefficients in an admissible variation of a mixed Hodge structure on the complement of a normally crossing divisor is established using a logarithmic complex, with a view to obtaining a new proof of the decomposition theorem.     

Resource allocation in dynamic PERT networks with finite capacity

This article models the resource allocation problem in dynamic PERT networks with finite capacity of concurrent projects (COnstant Number of Projects In Process (CONPIP)), where activity durations are independent random variables with exponential distributions, and the new projects are generated according to a Poisson process. The system is represented as a queuing network with finite concurrent projects, where each activity of a project is performed at a devoted service station with one server located in a node of the network. For modeling dynamic PERT networks with CONPIP, we first convert the network of queues into a stochastic network. Then, by constructing a proper finite-state continuous-time Markov model, a system of differential equations is created to solve and find the completion time distribution for any particular project. Finally, we propose a multi-objective model with three conflict objectives to optimally control the resources allocated to the servers, and apply the goal attainment method to solve a discrete-time approximation of the original multi-objective problem.     

On subtractive varieties II: General properties

As a sequel to [23] we investigate ideal properties focusing on subtractive varieties. After having listed a few basic results, we give several characterizations of the commutator of ideals and prove, for example, that it commutes with finite direct products. We deal with the ideal extension property (IEP) and with related commutator properties, showing for instance that IEP implies that the commutator commutes with restriction to subalgebras. Then we characterize varieties with distributive ideal lattices and relate this property with (a form of) equationally definable principal ideals and with IEP. Then, at the other extreme, we deal with Abelian and Hamiltonian properties (of ideals and congruences), giving for example a purely ideal theoretic characterization of varieties of Abelian groups with linear operations. To finish with, we present a few examples aiming at vindicating our work.Presented by A. F. Pixley.     

Cohomology,extensions and automorphisms of skew braces

The second cohomology group of a left skew brace with coefficients in a trivial left brace with non-trivial actions is defined, its connection with extensions of a left skew brace by a trivial brace is established and a Wells' like exact sequence relating the second cohomology group with inducible automorphisms of an extension of left skew braces is constructed.