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为了探索超声光栅法测定电解质溶液浓度的规律,测量未知的电解质溶液浓度,验证超声光栅仪器的稳定性;在温度为17.0℃下,配置不同浓度的氯化钠电解质溶液,用超声光栅法测量氯化钠电解质溶液的浓度;测得的超声波速度与溶液浓度呈良好的线性关系,超声波速度随着溶液浓度增加而增加;用oringin8.0进行曲线拟合和线性回归分析,超声波传播速度与电解质浓度线性关系显著,得到线性回归方程,其可信度相关系数r=0.997 3;用未知浓度的氯化钠电解质溶液检验回归方程,测得结果与真实值相对误差较小,验证了回归方程准确性。 相似文献
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推导了两性物质溶液氢离子浓度的计算公式,讨论了以分析浓度代替溶液中主要型体浓度的条件,举出了3个有代表性的两性物质溶液氢离子浓度计算的例子。 相似文献
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根据溶液浓度与其折射率的关系,提出用掠入射法测量溶液浓度的方法.利用其临界光线的折射角进行透明介质溶液浓度的精确测量,研发出测量实验系统.分析了临界光线的折射角与其浓度的关系,给出溶液浓度与折射角之间的简单数学解析式.用该系统对5%-80%的甘油溶液进行测量,结果最大绝对偏差小于0.003%. 相似文献
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设计了一种基于光纤光谱仪的溶液浓度测量系统。利用该系统对已知浓度的KMnO_4溶液进行吸收光谱测量,探究溶液浓度与吸光度之间的关系。结果表明吸收光谱中的三个波峰处,吸光度数值与溶液浓度之间的线性相关程度均大于0.99,与理论有着良好的一致性。本系统同时具有结构紧凑与测量精确可靠的特点,可有效提高溶液浓度测量效率,非常适用于本科教学和科研工作。 相似文献
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借助拉曼光谱,对聚氯乙烯(PVC)-环己酮溶液的浓度进行了检测.通过偏最小二乘法(PLS)分析发现,第一项 PLS 成分(factor 1)的得分与 PVC 溶液浓度成正比关系,factor 1 的载荷分布能有效地反映出溶液浓度与溶液中的 PVC 和环已酮含量的关系.建立了 PVC 溶液浓度的 PLS 回归预测模型,模... 相似文献
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为了得出光子晶体缺陷透射峰位置与溶液折射率及溶液浓度的关系,从而得知溶液的折射率和溶度之间的关系。本文构造了(AB)~NC(AB)~N型的一维光子晶体模型,采用时域有限差分法对该一维光子晶体的透射光谱做了数值模拟和分析。结果表明,蔗糖溶液折射率和浓度与光子晶体透过峰位置之间为严格的线性关系,光子晶体缺陷模透射峰位置随溶液浓度百分比的改变而变化。该溶液测量方法的溶液折射率测量灵敏度高达498.087 nm/RIU。这为光子晶体溶液折射率及浓度测量传感器的设计制作提供了参考,有助于该溶液浓度检测传感器在实际应用中的推广。 相似文献
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溶液除湿空调是一种具有较大节能潜力的新型空调系统。对于除湿溶液,电渗析技术是一种环保、再生效率高的再生方法。对两种常用除湿溶液(LiCl溶液和LiBr溶液)的电导率进行了测量,对使用两种除湿溶液时基于电渗析再生的溶液除湿空调的性能进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,当溶液温度为25℃时,两种除湿溶液电导率随浓度的增加均呈现出先增加后减小的趋势。当LiCl溶液和LiBr溶液浓度分别为35%~40%和40%~52.5%时,LiCl溶液的除湿性能优于LiBr溶液。当LiCl溶液和LiBr溶液浓度分别为32.5%~40%和40%~52.5%时,系统再生LiCl溶液需要消耗更多的电能。当系统所需LiBr溶液浓度为40%~45%时,系统若采用LiCl溶液则具有更高的性能系数;而当系统所需LiBr溶液浓度为45%~52.5%时,系统采用LiBr溶液比采用LiCl溶液具有更高的性能系数。 相似文献
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利用流变仪研究了甲基纤维素(MC)溶液在NaCl、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HTAB)以及两者共存下MC溶液的凝胶化行为,发现其凝胶化温度随着NaCl浓度的增加而下降,随着HTAB浓度的增加而上升;但是MC/NaCl的凝胶化温度保持不变,与HTAB浓度
无关,而MC/HTAB溶液的凝胶化温度则随着NaCl浓度的增加而下降.以上的实验结果表明,在NaCl存在下,HTAB将被诱导形成胶束,因此MC/NaCl的凝胶化温度保持不变;反之,当NaCl不存在时,HTAB将优先吸附到MC上而不会在溶液中形成胶束,尽管其浓度 相似文献
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Calculation of the rate constant for the ultrasonic degradation of aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol by viscometry 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Ultrasonic degradation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was carried out in aqueous solution at 25 degrees C. In this experiment, the effect of solution concentration on the rate of degradation was investigated. Kinetics of degradation was studied by viscometry method. The calculated rate constants indicate that degradation rate of PVA solutions decreases with increasing of solution concentration (C= g lit(-1)). The calculated rate constants correlated in terms of reverse concentration and relative viscosity of PVA solutions. This behavior in the rate of degradation was interpreted in terms of viscosity and concentration of polymer solution. With increasing solution concentration, viscosity increases and it causes a reduction in the cavitation efficiency thus, the rate of degradation will be decreased. 相似文献
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A. A. Ol’khov Yu. V. Tertyshnaya A. S. Chizhov S. G. Karpova A. L. Iordanskii 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Focus on Physics》2018,12(2):293-299
The nonwoven fibrous materials of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate obtained by electrospinning were studied. The average diameter of the fibers was correlated with the polymer concentration in solution. As the concentration of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate in the spinning solution increased from 5 to 9 wt %, its crystallinity in the fibrous material increased by 4–5%, and the melting temperature changed insignificantly. A paramagnetic resonance study showed that the density of the amorphous phase of the fibers increased with the polymer concentration in solution. The resistance of the fibrous materials to aggressive environmental factors also increased. 相似文献
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The study of the solution concentration influencing on laser-induced electrochemical etching silicon
The laser electrochemical etching process, which combines the laser direct etching process and the electrochemical etching process, is a compound etching technique. In order to further understand the solution concentration influencing on the laser-induced electrochemical etching of silicon; a 248 nm excimer laser as a light source and KOH solution as an electrolyte were adopted in this study. The experiments of micromachining silicon by laser-induced electrochemical etching were carried out. On the basis of the experiments results, the solution concentration influencing on the etching rates in the process of laser electrochemical etching of silicon was researched. The reasons of the etching phenomena were analyzed in detail. The experimental results indicate that the solution concentration influencing on the etching process is mainly rooted in the absorption of different concentration solutions to laser. In general, less absorption and low solution concentration are good for the etching role in the process of laser electrochemical etching. 相似文献
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V. S. Shelistov S.-C. Wang E. N. Kalaidin G. S. Ganchenko A. S. Kutsepalov E. A. Demekhin 《Doklady Physics》2016,61(6):266-269
The experimentally found phenomenon of self-focusing of an electric field and the concentration of ions near the poles of an ion-selective granule in an electrolyte solution under the action of an external electric field is theoretically justified. An asymptotic solution of the problem is obtained, and it is shown that the solution found loses stability at high field strengths and, after the corresponding bifurcation, passes into a new solution in which there is a sharp local amplification of the electric field and the ion concentration. 相似文献
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通过配制不同浓度ZnO纳米流体的氨水溶液,研究了ZnO纳米流体氨溶液在降膜吸收器内定初始压力条件下对氨气的吸收效果。结果表明:不同浓度的纳米流体体现出对氨水降膜吸收强化的效果有所不同,随着ZnO纳米流体浓度的增大,对氨水降膜吸收的强化影响先增大后减小,且在浓度为0.1wt%时强化效果最佳。从实验还可看出,氨水基液浓度的增加使氨气的吸收量逐渐减小,但纳米流体的添加均可使吸收量得到不同程度的提高,纳米流体的加入,还可放缓由于氨水基液浓度增高引起的吸收速率降低的速度,且强化吸收的最佳纳米流体浓度不随氨水基液浓度的改变而改变。 相似文献
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