混合三烃基锡衍生物的研究——Ⅷ.甲基二环己基锡(取代)苯氧乙酸酯的合成、结构表征和生物活性

杨志强 谢庆兰单书香本文合成了二十个混合甲基二环己基锡取代苯氧乙酸酯.研究了这些化合物的IR,NMR(~1H,~(13)C,~(119)Sn),结果表明,除邻甲氧基苯氧乙酸酯外,这些化合物都可能是以羰基氧为桥连的五配位聚合有机锡化合物.~(119) Sn NMR的研究结果表明,~(119)Sn化学位移与苯环上取代基有一线性关系:~(δ119)Sn=6.23σ+94.67,r=0.943.农药的初筛表明,这些化合物除有很好的杀螨活性外,还有一定的杀菌,除草和植物激素作用.     

三苄基锡羧酸酯的合成及其结构表征

本文以(三苄基锡)氧化物和相应的羧酸反应, 合成了20个三苄基锡羧酸酯, 由波谱对结构的研究表明, 红外光谱的酰基振动频率与羧基上取代基的空间和电子效应密切相关, 三苄基锡羧酸酯的结构微小变化, 明显地反映了^1^1^9Sn和^1^3CNMR化学位移的差异, ^1^1^9Sn化学位移与三苄基锡取代的苯甲酸酯的对位取代基Hammett常数(σ)之间存在着良好的线性关系: δ~1~1~9~S~n=15.48σ+14.23, n=7, r=0.995, 去烃基化是这一类化合物质谱裂解的特点。     

混合三烃基锡衍生物的研究VIII: 甲基二环己基锡(取代)苯氧乙酸酯的合成、结构表征和生物活性

本文合成了二十个混合甲基二环己基锡取代苯氧乙酸酯。研究了这些化合物的IR, NMR (^1H, ^1^3C, ^1^1^9Sn), 结果表明, 除邻甲氧基苯氧乙酸酯外, 这些化合物都可能是以羰基氧为桥连的五配位聚合有机锡化合物。^1^1^9Sn NMR的研究结果表明, ^1^1^9Sn化学位移与苯环上取代基有一线性关系: δ^1^1^9Sn=6.23σ+94.67, r=0.943。农药的初筛表明, 这些化合物除有很好的杀螨活性外, 还有一定的杀菌, 除草和植物激素作用。     

混合三烃基锡衍生物的研究VIII: 甲基二环己基锡(取代)苯氧乙酸酯的合成、结构表征和生物活性

本文合成了二十个混合甲基二环己基锡取代苯氧乙酸酯。研究了这些化合物的IR, NMR (^1H, ^1^3C, ^1^1^9Sn), 结果表明, 除邻甲氧基苯氧乙酸酯外, 这些化合物都可能是以羰基氧为桥连的五配位聚合有机锡化合物。^1^1^9Sn NMR的研究结果表明, ^1^1^9Sn化学位移与苯环上取代基有一线性关系: δ^1^1^9Sn=6.23σ+94.67, r=0.943。农药的初筛表明, 这些化合物除有很好的杀螨活性外, 还有一定的杀菌, 除草和植物激素作用。     

三[(苯基二甲硅基)亚甲基]锡 O,O-二芳基二硫代磷酸酯的研究

本文合成了十五个新的[苯基二甲硅基]锡O,O-二芳基二硫代磷酸酯。测定了它们的IR, ^1H, ^1^3C, ^1^1^9Sn NMR及MS, ^1^1^9Sn NMR的化学位移δ和芳环对位取代基的Hammett常数σ之间存在良好的线性关系。     

三苄基和三[(甲基二苯硅基)亚甲基]锡二硫代磷酸酯的研究

本文合成了七个三苄基锡二硫代磷酸酯和八个三[(甲基二苯硅基)亚甲基]锡二硫代磷酸酯, 测定了它们的IR, 1H, 119Sn和31P NMR, 119Sn NMR的化学位移与磷酸酯基的芳环对位取代基Hammett常数呈线性关系。表明该两类化合物均为四价锡的单分子有机锡化合物。     

混合三烃基锡衍生物的研究(Ⅱ)─一丁基二环己基锡羧酸酯的合成、结构表征及生物活性

合成了21个混合三烃基锡羧酸酯。利用红外光谱、核磁共振谱(¹H,¹³C,¹¹⁹Sn)和质谱表征了化合物的结构。对取代苯甲酸酯化合物,锡原子的化学位移δ(¹¹⁹Sn)与苯环上取代基的Hammett常数有很好的线性关系。化合物的生物活性测定结果表明,它们具有高效杀螨活性。     

[ (苯基二甲硅基) 甲基]二环己基锡二硫代磷酸酯的合成

本文合成了[ (苯基二甲硅基) 甲基]二环己基锡二硫代磷酸酯. IR, NMR (^1H, ^1^3C, ^1^1^9Sn)和MS数据表明,这类化合物具有四配位的特征. 生物测定实验表明这些化合物具有高度的杀螨活性.     

三环己基锡-2-(1,2-亚乙二硫)亚甲基-3-羰基-5-芳基-4-戊烯酸酯的结构研究

合成了3个三环己基锡－2－（1,2－亚乙二硫）亚甲基－3－羰基－5－芳基－4－戊烯酸酯化合物。用IR,^1H NMR,^13C NMR^119Sn NMR光谱及X射线衍射对所合成的化合物进行了表征,结果表明标明化合物为四配位、具有畸变四面体结构的锡酯类化合物。     

取代基对1,4-双[β-(4-取代苯基)乙烯基]苯化合物红外光谱的影响

取代基对红外光谱特征频率的影响曾有报导,但对1,4-双[β-(取代苯基)乙烯基]苯类化合物还未曾研究。我们测试了它们的红外光谱,发现取代基常数σ_p、σ_p~o及σ_p~ 与反式烯键上碳—氢键的面外变角振动频率δ=C-H(面外)之间存在一定线性关系。     

13C and 119Sn NMR spectra of some tribenzyltin(IV) compounds

The ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR spectra of some tribenzyltin(IV) compounds and their complexes in coordinating and non-coordinating solvents have been studied. The δ(¹¹⁹Sn) chemical shifts and coupling constants ¹J(¹¹⁹Sn, ¹³C) clearly depend on the coordination number of the central tin atom and the geometry of its coordination polyhedra. Approximate ranges of the characteristic values of both the NMR parameters were determined for various configurational types of tribenzyltin compound. The ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR parameters found are indicative of a distinct interaction between the polarized σ(SnC) bond and adjacent π-electron system of the aromatic ring(s).     

One-step preparation,structural assignment,and X-ray study of 2,2-di-n-butyl- and 2,2-diphenyl-6-aza-1,3-dioxa-2-stannabenzocyclononen-4-ones derived from amino acids

Twenty-four 2,2-di-n-butyl- and 2,2-diphenyl-6-aza-1,3-dioxa-2-stannabenzocyclononen-4-ones, each having a transannular N-->Sn bond, have been prepared by one-step reactions of alpha-amino acids (1 a-l), salicylaldehyde (2), and either di-n-butyltin(IV) oxide (3) or diphenyltin(IV) oxide (4). The new methodology constitutes an easy, highly efficient one-step synthesis of diorganotin(IV) derivatives, such as 5 a-l and 6 a-l, from iminic tridentate ligands without isolation of the Schiff bases. The structures of all the compounds have been established by a combination of (1)H, (13)C, (15)N, and (119)Sn NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. In all cases, the (119)Sn chemical shifts, as well as the (1)J((119)Sn,(13)C) coupling constants, are indicative of pentacoordinated tin atoms in solution. The structures of compounds 5 a, d, f, 6 a, b, b-racemic, c, d, f, g, and l have been established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The tin atoms in 5 d, f, 6 a, b, b-racemic, c, d, g, and l each have a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal (TBP) geometry, with the oxygen atoms from the phenol and carboxylate moieties occupying the axial positions, and the imine nitrogen and phenyl or n-butyl substituents occupying the equatorial positions. Compounds 5 a and 6 f show distorted octahedral (DOC) geometries due to intermolecular coordination of the carbonyl oxygen to the tin atom, in a trans disposition to the N-->Sn bond, leading to trimeric 5 a and a polymeric structure for compound 6 f. Additionally, measurement of the one-bond coupling constants (1)J((119)Sn,(13)C) in diphenyltin(IV) complexes (6 a-l) and their correlation with the CSn-C bond angles has allowed the derivation of an equation that can be applied to assess the geometry around the tin atom for other diphenyltin(IV) compounds in solution.     

Über zinn-haltige heterocyclen : V. Sn-phenyk-substituierte stannocane, Übergänge von tetraedrischer 4-Zu trigonal-bipyramidaler 5-koordination

A complete series of diphenyl and mixed methyl/chlorine/bromine/iodinephenyl substituted oxadithia- and trithiastannocanes has been prepared by reactions between the respective disodium dithiolates and tin dihalides. The ¹³C NMR chemical shifts of these compounds and the coupling constants J(¹¹⁹Sn¹³C) are dependent upon the magnetic anisotropy of the substituents and the bond angles at the tin atom. The crystal structure of 2,2-diphenyl-1,3,6-trithia-2-stannocane has been determined and refined to R = 0.039. The environment of Sn is a monocapped tetrahedron (transannular distance Sn?S 324.6(1) pm). This type of coordination, intermediate between a tetrahedron and a trigonal bipyramid, is discussed quantitatively and compared with a series of analogous compounds. The eight-membered ring has the boat-chair conformation.     

The structure of bis(trialkyltin) carbonates: Evidence for two non-equivalent tin sites

Bis(tributyltin) oxide or trimethyltin hydroxide react with carbon dioxide to afford the bis(trialkyltin) carbonates, (R₃SnO)₂CO; ¹¹⁹Sn NMR (in the case of R = Bu) or ^119mSn Mössbauer spectroscopy show that these compounds contain 4- and 5-coordinate tin atom sites.     

Simultaneous determination of mono-, di- and tributyltin in environmental samples using isotope dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry

The development of a rapid, precise and accurate speciation method for the simultaneous determination of mono-, di- and tributyltin in environmental samples is described. The method is based on using isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with electron ionization, a widely used technique in routine testing laboratories. A mixed spike containing (119)Sn-enriched monobutyltin (MBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and tributyltin (TBT) was used for the isotope dilution of the samples. Five molecular ions were monitored for each analyte, corresponding to the (116)Sn, (117)Sn, (118)Sn, (119)Sn and (120)Sn isotopes. The detection at masses corresponding to (116)Sn and (117)Sn were used to correct for m + 1 and m + 2 contributions of (13)C from the organic groups attached to the tin atom on the (118)Sn, (119)Sn and (120)Sn masses with simple mathematical equations and the concentrations of the butyltin compounds were calculated based on the corrected (118)Sn/(119)Sn and (120)Sn/(119)Sn isotope ratios. The (119)Sn-enriched multispecies spike was applied with satisfactory results to the simultaneous determination of MBT, DBT and TBT in three certified reference materials: two sediments, PACS-2 and BCR 646, and the mussel tissue CRM 477. The method was compared with a previously published GC/inductively coupled plasma MS isotope dilution procedure, developed in our laboratory, by injecting the same samples into both instruments. Comparable analytical results in terms of precision and accuracy are demonstrated for both atomic and molecular mass spectrometric detectors. Thus, reliable quantitative organotin speciation analysis can be achieved using the more widespread and inexpensive GC/MS instrument.     

二氯马来酰亚胺有机锡化合物的合成和结构表征

合成了１４个１－三羟锡基－３，４－二氯马来酰亚胺有机锡化合物，研究了它们的核磁共振谱（＾１Ｈ，＾１３Ｃ，＾１１９Ｓｎ），外光谱质谱，并且得出，锡原子上的烃基对化合物的生物活性有很大的影响。     

The small‐scale preparation and NMR characterization of isotopically enriched organotin compounds

Synthetic methods for the small‐scale laboratory preparation of isotopically enriched dibutyltin dichloride, dibutyltin di‐iodide, tributyltin chloride, tributyltin iodide, diphenyltin dichloride, triphenyltin chloride and triphenyltin iodide have been successfully established. Organotin iodides were prepared from redistribution reactions between tin(IV) iodide and the corresponding tetraorganotin, with the exception of dibutyltin di‐iodide, which was prepared directly from the reaction between tin metal and iodobutane. The development of novel procedures for the dealkylation/dearylation of tetraorganotins by acid hydrolysis produced superior yields of tributyltin chloride and diphenyltin dichloride in comparison with redistribution reactions. Organotin iodide redistribution reaction products were converted to their chloride analogues via the fluoride salts using an aqueous ethanolic solution of potassium fluoride. The insolubility of organotin fluoride salts was exploited to isolate and purify the isotopically enriched compounds, and to prevent losses during the purification procedure. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic study of ‘natural abundance’ and isotopically enriched organotin compounds gave proton (¹H) and carbon‐13 (¹³C) spectra for butyltins, Bu_4−nSnX_n, and phenyltins, Ph_4−nSnX_n (X = I, Cl), allowing the assignment of ­¹H and ¹³C chemical shifts, and ¹¹⁹Sn–¹³C and ¹¹⁷Sn–¹³C coupling constants. The ¹³C NMR spectroscopic analysis of ¹¹⁷Sn‐enriched organotin compounds has allowed the assignment of certain resonances and tin–carbon coupling constants which were previously unobservable. The spectral patterns show that Δ(¹H) and Δ(¹³C) values are sensitive to structural changes, and that ¹³C shielding decreases with an increase in the electronegativity of the substituent. The tin–carbon coupling constants are also sensitive to structural changes, and for alkyl and aryl compounds the couplings decrease in the order ¹J > ³J > ²J > ⁴J. The ¹³C chemical shift values and the magnitude of tin–carbon coupling constants are shown to be solvent‐dependent. The ¹³C spectra of the isotopically enriched compounds show that the degree of isotopic enrichment and the nature of the isotope used (magnetic or non‐magnetic) are reflected in the spectral pattern obtained. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

119Sn Chemical Shifts in five- and six-coordinate organotin chelates

¹¹⁹Sn chemical shifts, δ(¹¹⁹Sn), relative to Me₄Sn in five- and six-coordinate organotin chelates were measured by means of FT NMR spectroscopy. ¹¹⁹Sn resonances were found to lie between ca. ?90 and ?330 ppm in the five-coordinate compounds and between ca. ?125 and ?515 ppm in the six-coordinate derivatives. thus δ(¹¹⁹Sn) moves upfield by 60–150 ppm with a change of the coordination number of tin from four to five and by 130–200 ppm from five to six. the δ(¹¹⁹Sn) values were shifted depending on the nature of chelating ligands and this shift was discussed in terms of the bonding between the ligand and tin. Replacement of methyl groups attached to tin by phenyl groups in five- and six-coordinate compounds induces upfield shifts in δ(¹¹⁹Sn) parallel to those found in four-coordinate organotin halides.