Lagrange--Noether method for solving second-order differential equations

The purpose of this paper is to provide a new method called the Lagrange--Noether method for solving second-order differential equations. The method is, firstly, to write the second-order differential equations completely or partially in the form of Lagrange equations, and secondly, to obtain the integrals of the equations by using the Noether theory of the Lagrange system. An example is given to illustrate the application of the result.     

求解微分方程的Hojman方法

首先，将Hojman用于求解二阶微分方程组守恒量的方法推广并应用于一阶微分方程组，特别是奇数维微分方程组的积分问题.然后，证明 Hojman定理是本文定理的特殊情形.最后，举例说明结果的应用. 关键词： 微分方程 Hojman定理 守恒量 积分     

Methods of analytical mechanics for solving differential equations of first order

A differential equation of first order can be expressed by the equation of motion of a mechanical system. In this paper, three methods of analytical mechanics, i.e. the Hamilton--Noether method, the Lagrange--Noether method and the Poisson method, are given to solve a differential equation of first order, of which the way may be called the mechanical methodology in mathematics.     

Conformal invariance and integration of first-order differential equations

This paper studies a conformal invariance and an integration of first-order differential equations. It obtains the corresponding infinitesimal generators of conformal invariance by using the symmetry of the differential equations, and expresses the differential equations by the equations of a Birkhoff system or a generalized Birkhoff system. If the infinitesimal generators are those of a Noether symmetry, the conserved quantity can be obtained by using the Noether theory of the Birkhoff system or the generalized Birkhoff system.     

Whittaker方程的场方法

用场方法来求解Whittaker方程.将一个场变量取作为其余场变量和时间的函数并对这个函数建立基本偏微方程.如能求得它的完全积分，那么Whittaker方程的解可由解代数方程来得到. 关键词： 场变量 基本偏微分方程 场方法 积分     

Hamilton--Jacobi method for solving ordinary differential equations

The Hamilton--Jacobi method for solving ordinary differential equations is presented in this paper. A system of ordinary differential equations of first order or second order can be expressed as a Hamilton system under certain conditions. Then the Hamilton--Jacobi method is used in the integration of the Hamilton system and the solution of the original ordinary differential equations can be found. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the result.     

事件空间中Birkhoff系统的参数方程及其第一积分

研究事件空间中Birkhoff系统动力学.在(2n+1)维事件空间中,建立了Birkhoff系统的Pfaff-Birkhoff-d'Alembert原理和Birkhoff参数方程,研究了方程的第一积分,给出了第一积分及其存在条件. 关键词： Birkhoff系统 事件空间 参数方程 第一积分     

Construction of the solution of variational equations for constrained Birkhoffian systems

In this paper we present the variational equations of constrained Birkhoffian systems and study their solution.It is proven that,under some conditions,a particular solution of variational equations can be obtained by using a first integral.At the end of the paper,an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.     

First integrals and stability of second-order differential equations

The stability of second-order differential equations is studied by using their integrals. A system of second-order differential equations can be considered as a mechanical system with holonomic constraints. A conserved quantity of the mechanical system or a part of the system is obtained by using the Noether theory. It is possible that the conserved quantity becomes a Liapunov function and the stability of the system is proved by the Liapunov theorem.     

三质点Toda晶格微分方程的积分

三质点Toda晶格的微分方程是一个Hamilton系统.研究用Noether理论和Poisson理论求其积分. 关键词： Toda晶格 Hamilton系统 Noether理论 Poisson理论     

A potential integration method for Birkhoffian system

This paper is intended to apply the potential integration method to the differential equations of the Birkhoffian system. The method is that, for a given Birkhoffian system, its differential equations are first rewritten as 2n first-order differential equations. Secondly, the corresponding partial differential equations are obtained by potential integration method and the solution is expressed as a complete integral. Finally, the integral of the system is obtained.     

Local analytic first integrals of planar analytic differential systems

We study the existence of local analytic first integrals of a class of analytic differential systems in the plane, obtained from the Chua?s system studied in L.O. Chua (1992, 1995), N.V. Kuznetsov et al. (2011), G.A. Leonov et al. (2012) , ,  and . The method used can be applied to other analytic differential systems.     

蒙特卡罗方法在解微分方程边值问题中的应用

介绍了蒙特卡罗方法的基本原理以及随机数的产生方法。基于蒙特卡罗方法的思想,结合有限差分方法,建立了求解微分方程边值问题的随机概率模型,并以第一类边界条件的拉普拉斯方程和一个给定初值及边界条件的非稳态热传导方程为数值算例,研究了蒙特卡罗方法在求解微分方程边值问题中的应用。结果表明:利用蒙特卡罗方法,不仅可以有效解决给定边界条件的微分方程,对于给定初值条件的微分方程,也可以从时域有限差分方程出发,采用蒙特卡罗方法进行求解。数值模拟和对误差的理论分析均表明,增加蒙特卡罗试验中的模拟粒子点数,可以提高计算结果的精度。     

A Hopf-like equation and perturbation theory for differential delay equations

We extend techniques developed for the study of turbulent fluid flows to the statistical study of the dynamics of differential delay equations. Because the phase spaces of differential delay equations are infinite dimensional, phase-space densities for these systems are functionals. We derive a Hopf-like functional differential equation governing the evolution of these densities. The functional differential equation is reduced to an infinite chain of linear partial differential equations using perturbation theory. A necessary condition for a measure to be invariant under the action of a nonlinear differential delay equation is given. Finally, we show that the evolution equation for the density functional is the Fourier transform of the infinite-dimensional version of the Kramers-Moyal expansion.     

辛Runge-Kutta方法在求解Lagrange-Maxwell方程中的应用研究

给出了采用辛Runge-Kutta (R-K)方法求解Lagrange-Maxwell方程的数值积分方法, 并数值研究了RLC电路弹簧耦联系统中极板的运动及电流的变化情况, 其计算结果和传统的R-K方法相一致, 说明利用辛积分算法研究机电动力系统是合理和有效的, 并在此基础上采用辛R-K方法研究了Noether意义下的形式不变性.     

First Integrals and Integral Invariants of Relativistic Birkhoffian Systems

For a relativistic Birkhoffian system, the first integrals and the construction of integral invariants arestudied. Firstly, the cyclic integrals and the generalized energy integral of the system are found by using the perfectdifferential method. Secondly, the equations of nonsimultaneous variation of the system are established by using therelation between the simultaneous variation and the nonsimultaneous variation. Thirdly, the relation between the firstintegral and the integral invariant of the system is studied, and it is proved that, using a first integral, we can construct anintegral invariant of the system. Finally, the relation between the relativistic Birkhoffian dynamics and the relativisticHamiltonian dynamics is discussed, and the first integrals and the integral invariants of the relativistic Hamiltoniansystem are obtained. Two examples are given to illustrate the application of the results.     

First Integrals and Integral Invariants of Relativistic Birkhoffian Systems

For a relativistic Birkhoflan system, the first integrals and the construction of integral invariants are studied. Firstly, the cyclic integrals and the generalized energy integral of the system are found by using the perfect differential method. Secondly, the equations of nonsimultaneous variation of the system are established by using the relation between the simultaneous variation and the nonsimultaneous variation. Thirdly, the relation between the first integral and the integral invariant of the system is studied, and it is proved that, using a t~rst integral, we can construct an integral invarlant of the system. Finally, the relation between the relativistic Birkhoflan dynamics and the relativistic Hamilton;an dynamics is discussed, and the first integrals and the integral invariants of the relativistic Hamiltonian system are obtained. Two examples are given to illustrate the application of the results.     

微分方程的部分Hamilton化与积分

将微分方程部分地表示为Hamilton系统的方程并写成逆变代数形式.用动力学代数建立方程的Poisson积分理论，并举例说明结果的应用. 关键词： 微分方程 部分Hamilton化 逆变代数形式 Poisson积分理论     

Birkhoff系统约化的Routh方法

研究Birkhoff系统的约化.首先,列出系统的运动微分方程及其循环积分;其次,构造Birkhoff系统的Routh函数组,利用循环积分约化Birkhoff系统的运动微分方程,并使约化后的动力学方程仍保持Birkhoff方程的形式;最后,举例说明结果的应用. 关键词： Birkhoff系统 约化 循环积分     

Limit cycles for a class of second order differential equations

We study the limit cycles of a wide class of second order differential equations, which can be seen as a particular perturbation of the harmonic oscillator. In particular, by choosing adequately the perturbed function we show, using the averaging theory, that it is possible to obtain as many limit cycles as we want.