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1.
《Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy》1986,41(9):991-997
Using a transverse, a.c. Zeeman system, with the magnet on the analyte, background correction is performed at the exact analyte wavelength. As a result, nearly all of the spectral interferences associated with continuum correction are eliminated. Errors may occur, though, using Zeeman correction if coincident or nearby absorption lines or molecular absorption bands exhibit Zeeman splitting.We have found an example of overcorrection in the determination of Cd at the alternate 326.1-nm line that we believe is due to splitting of PO bands. We have also confirmed errors from Ft in the determination of Fe at the alternate 271.9-nm line and from Co in the determination of Hg at 253.6 nm. 相似文献
2.
煤中痕量元素在循环流化床锅炉中的迁移行为与富集特性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对天津市某电厂循环流化床(CFB)锅炉燃用的原煤及燃烧产物底灰、飞灰、细飞灰(≤50 μm)进行痕量元素含量的测定,分析了Be、Zn、Hg、V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、As、Se、Cd、Pb 13种痕量元素在燃烧过程中的迁移行为,揭示了痕量元素在CFB锅炉中的分配、富集特性。结果表明,CFB锅炉中,较低的炉温对于痕量元素的迁移富集产生了较大的影响。由相对富集系数得知,Be、V、Co、Se在底灰中耗散,在飞灰中富集,Zn、Mn倾向于在底灰中富集,元素Cd、Pb、Ni、Cu挥发性较强,在底灰和飞灰中均是耗散。As受钙氧化物影响,挥发性表现并不明显。Hg在底灰和飞灰中相对富集系数均很低,表明Hg在整个燃烧过程中以气态形式排放;Hg、As、Se、V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb均有向小颗粒物中富集的趋势。根据相对富集系数以及研究的13种元素在低温CFB锅炉中的迁移行为,将这些元素分为三类:A类(ER<0.1),主要是以气态形式排放元素Hg;B类(0.1R≤0.85),较易挥发元素As、Be、Ni、Cu、Se、Cd、Pb、Co、V;C类(ER>0.85),主要残留在固体产物中元素Zn、Mn、Cr。 相似文献
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4.
Latkoczy C Prohaska T Stingeder G Wenzel WW 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》2000,368(2-3):256-262
The potential of SF-ICP-MS for trace element analysis in complex environmental matrices such as soil solutions was investigated. Spectral interferences found in mass spectra of soil matrices are presented in detail. Furthermore, the influences of single components of the soil matrix on the signal intensity of selected elements were studied. Detection limits of different elements are presented with respect to the composition of the matrix. A fast and accurate method for quasi-simultaneous determination of Al, Si, P, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sn, Hg and Pb in aqueous soil extracts was established. 相似文献
5.
C. Latkoczy Thomas Prohaska Gerhard Stingeder Walter W. Wenzel 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2000,368(2-3):256-262
The potential of SF-ICP-MS for trace element analysis in complex environmental matrices such as soil solutions was investigated.
Spectral interferences found in mass spectra of soil matrices are presented in detail. Furthermore, the influences of single
components of the soil matrix on the signal intensity of selected elements were studied. Detection limits of different elements
are presented with respect to the composition of the matrix. A fast and accurate method for quasi-simultaneous determination
of Al, Si, P, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sn, Hg and Pb in aqueous soil extracts was established.
Received: 3 January 2000 / Revised: 28 March 2000 / Accepted: 31 March 2000 相似文献
6.
建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)测定汽车涂料中Pb,Cr,Se,Ba,Sb,As,Cd,Hg含量的方法。以HNO_3-H_2O_2(体积比为4∶1)混合酸消解样品,各元素分析谱线:Pb 220.353 nm,Cr 267.716 nm,Se196.090 nm,Ba 233.527 nm,Sb 217.581 nm,As 189.042 nm,Cd 228.802 nm,Hg 184.950 nm。8种元素测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.02%~12.94%(n=6);对白色、蓝色、红色汽车漆样品进行加标回收试验,Pb,Cr,Se,Ba,As,Cd,Hg,的加标回收率为81.26%~99.79%,Sb的回收率为62.43%~87.61%。该方法快速、简便,精密度、准确度较高,可用于汽车涂料中重金属含量的监控。 相似文献
7.
L. Kosta V. Ravnik A. R. Byrne J. Štirn M. Dermelj P. Stegnar 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1978,44(2):317-332
A number of investigations of trace elements in the waters, organisms and sediments of the Adriatic, using neutron activation
analysis with radiochemical, separations are reported. These include studies of Hg in mussels from the Northern Adriatic,
of Hg and Se in edible animals from the Rijeka region, and of seven elements (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Se and Zn) in marine invertebrates
from the Slovene coast. Additionally, plankton, sediment cores and water samples were taken from a grid of stations covering
the whole Adriatic and analyzed for 6 to 11 of the trace elements As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Sb and Zn (Hg only in water).
Generally, levels found were not indicative of pollution as compared with oceanic samples, but some evidence of locally increased
levels was found, especially for Hg. The levels of eleven trace elements in three marine Intercomparison samples prepared
by the IAEA Monaco Laboratory are also presented. 相似文献
8.
K. H. Lieser W. Calmano E. Heuss V. Neitzert 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1977,37(2):717-726
By freeze-drying the following elements can be determined in natural water except sea water: Au, Ba, Br, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Eu,
Fe, K, La, Mo, Na, Sb, Sc, Se, U, Zn. Some problems may arise with respect to As and Hg. Cu, Cd and Ni can only be determined
if present in high concentrations. Separation by adsorption on charcoal in presence of complexing agents gives yields between
75 and 100% for the following elements in sea water: Ag, Au, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Eu, Fe, Hg, La, Mo, Sc, Se, U, Zn (As 67%, Sb
56%). Activation or use of labelled ions and study of exchange give information about mobility of trace elements in suspended
matter. 相似文献
9.
魏肖莹 《广东微量元素科学》1998,5(4):58-61
通过25种(158例)正常人组织和29种(168例)癌瘤组织中As,Se、Pb,Cd,Co,Zn,Cu、Hg、Fe和Mg等十种元素量分析,发现癌瘤组织中Cd、Pb,As三种元素高于正常组织,而Se和Zn两种元素与致癌元素的比值进行显著性测验,结果癌组明显高于正常组。 相似文献
10.
Lunøe K Martínez-Sierra JG Gammelgaard B Alonso JI 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2012,402(9):2749-2763
The analytical methodology for the in vivo study of selenium metabolism using two enriched selenium isotopes has been modified, allowing for the internal correction
of spectral interferences and mass bias both for total selenium and speciation analysis. The method is based on the combination
of an already described dual-isotope procedure with a new data treatment strategy based on multiple linear regression. A metabolic
enriched isotope (77Se) is given orally to the test subject and a second isotope (74Se) is employed for quantification. In our approach, all possible polyatomic interferences occurring in the measurement of
the isotope composition of selenium by collision cell quadrupole ICP-MS are taken into account and their relative contribution
calculated by multiple linear regression after minimisation of the residuals. As a result, all spectral interferences and
mass bias are corrected internally allowing the fast and independent quantification of natural abundance selenium (natSe) and enriched 77Se. In this sense, the calculation of the tracer/tracee ratio in each sample is straightforward. The method has been applied
to study the time-related tissue incorporation of 77Se in male Wistar rats while maintaining the natSe steady-state conditions. Additionally, metabolically relevant information such as selenoprotein synthesis and selenium
elimination in urine could be studied using the proposed methodology. In this case, serum proteins were separated by affinity
chromatography while reverse phase was employed for urine metabolites. In both cases, 74Se was used as a post-column isotope dilution spike. The application of multiple linear regression to the whole chromatogram
allowed us to calculate the contribution of bromine hydride, selenium hydride, argon polyatomics and mass bias on the observed
selenium isotope patterns. By minimising the square sum of residuals for the whole chromatogram, internal correction of spectral
interferences and mass bias could be accomplished. As a result, the tracer/tracee ratio could be calculated for each selenium-containing
species and a time relationship for synthesis and degradation established. Both selenite and selenized yeast labelled with
77Se were employed for comparative purposes. 相似文献
11.
Robert I. Botto 《Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy》1984,39(1):95-113
In the industrial laboratory environment, quality assurance in the operation of a multielement inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICPES) must often be entrusted to laboratory technicians with little or no technical background in spectrochemical analysis. Therefore, to be successful, a quality assurance program must be reduced to a simple, routine practice. Essential components of the quality assurance program described in this paper are (1) An atom-to-ion emission intensity ratio for multielement optimization and for reproducing optimum analysis conditions. (2) A concise, easily applied specification for sensitivity and for precision. (3) A regimen for monitoring of, and correcting for, calibration and background drift. (4) A set of comprehensive spectral interference calibrations maintained using the emission intensity ratio. (5) A high resolution spectrometer for minimizing spectral interferences. (6) A program of long term performance monitoring and maintenance/record keeping.Each of these components is described in detail. Adherence to this program enhances analytical reliability by helping to ensure that raw concentrations are generated consistently under optimum instrumental conditions, and that corrections for spectral interferences are applied accurately even though interference calibrations may be several months old.The importance of adequate resolution and the proper choice of positions for off-line background measurements is borne out by a detailed study of the determination of toxic trace elements in National Bureau of Standards fly ash samples. As, Be, Cd, Pb, Sb, and Se were determined accurately without isolation/preconcentration from the aluminosilicate matrix. Several determinations required corrections for residual spectral interferences amounting to 100–500% of the resultant concentration, underscoring the accuracy of the interference correction procedures. 相似文献
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13.
C. M. Teruya M. J. A. Armelin J. C. Silva Filho A. G. Silva M. Saiki 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2000,244(1):237-240
Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) with gamma-ray spectrometry was applied to determine As, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Sb, Se and Zn in the Brazilian agroindustrial by-products. These materials are widely used in ruminant feeding. The results obtained were compared with requirement and maximum tolerable concentrations. The general conclusions from the data obtained were: (1) many by-products presented concentrations of some essential elements lower than the requirement concentrations, while in some concentrations of Cr, Fe, Mg and Se exceeded by a little the maximum tolerable concentrations, (2) the elements As, Cd, Hg and Sb, generally considered toxic, showed concentrations lower than maximum tolerable values. 相似文献
14.
藏药牦牛角中微量元素及其特征 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用日立180/80原子吸收光谱仪、WYD-2型氢化物原子荧光光谱仪测定了传统藏药牦牛角中的Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Co、Se、As,Hg、Pb、Cd等10种元素含量。结果表明,由于牦牛生活在青藏高原这一特独生境条件下,其角含有丰富的微量元素。 相似文献
15.
M. Czauderna J. Konecki M. Głowacka 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1987,109(1):79-88
The incorporation of Se and Te into liver, kidneys, heart, spleen, lung and small intestine after i.p. injections of Balby mice with seleno-cystine (CySe)2 and Na2TeO3 in the presence of Cd (as CdCl2), As (as As2O3) and Zn (as ZnSO4) has been studied. The change of contents of Co, Fe, Rb and Hg were determined in all investigated organs after injections with the above compounds. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was applied as the analytical method. It was found that a competitive interaction occurs between As and Se or Te. Similarly, this interaction has been observed between Se and Cd. The data obtained suggest that Cd has a higher competitive ability to displace Te than Zn and Se. Injection with the above compounds affects the contents of Fe, Co, Rb and Hg in all mice organs. 相似文献
16.
Summary The element contents of Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn of three different types of sewage sludge were certified. The preparation, the homogeneity and the stability are reported. The certified contents as well as values for Cr and Se and for the aqua regia soluble contents of Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn are given.
Zertifizierung von Schwermetallspuren (Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Hg, Ni, Pb und Zn) in drei Klärschlammproben
Zusammenfassung In drei verschiedenen Klärschlammproben wurden die Elementgehalte an Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Hg, Ni, Pb und Zn zertifiziert. Es wird berichtet über die Herstellung, Homogenität und Stabilität. Die zertifizierten Gehalte sowie der Gehalt von Cr, Se und der Gehalt an königswasserlöslichem Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb und Zn werden angegeben.相似文献
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18.
Multielemental analysis of food and agricultural matrixes by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The suitability of quadrupole inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for multielemental analysis of food following microwave closed vessel digestion of samples was evaluated in relation to analytical challenges presented by some major food and agricultural matrixes. Fifteen key analytes (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sn, V, Zn) were determined in 9 reference materials representative of 3 major groups of staple foods (cereals, seafood, and meat). For all measurements, the method of external calibration was used and Rh was selected as internal standard. Matrix-induced interferences were evaluated for each material, and suitable methods to overcome them were applied. Spectral interferences caused by C, Cl, and Ca content of digestates were quantitated and corrected by entering a simple system of mathematical correction equations into the instrument software before each analytical run. Full mastering of interferences together with adoption of a series of measures to control the reliability of analytical measurements produced accurate results for all the analytes. A standard analytical protocol is outlined for the benefit of both research and routine high-throughput laboratories that perform ICP-MS analyses of food. 相似文献
19.
分析了青海达坂山地区16种高山植物重金属元素含量。结果表明,9种重金属元素中Cr、Ni、CO3种含量高于陆生植物的正常含量值;Hg含量极少,在检测限以下;其余5种含量正常;同种元素含量种间差异不大,不同植物对于同种元素的累积比较均一,各种植物对As、Se、Sb3种元素的富集能力高于其它元素;植物中CO与Cr、Sb;Pb与Cd之间有很好的协同作用,而Se与Co、Cd、Sb有明显的拈抗作用。相关分析的结果表明,植物对重金属元素的吸收受土壤元素含量的影响。 相似文献
20.
B. Griepink H. Muntau H. Gonska E. Colinet 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1984,318(8):588-591
Summary The element contents of Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn of three types of soil were certified. The preparation, homogeneity and stability are reported. The certified contents as well as values for Co, Cr, Mn and Se and for the aqua regia soluble contents Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn are given.
Zertifizierung von Schwermetallspuren (Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb und Zn) in drei Bodenproben
Zusammenfassung In drei verschiedenen Bodenproben wurden die Elementgehalte an Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb und Zn zertifiziert. Es wird berichtet über die Bereitung, Homogenität und Stabilität. Die zertifizierten Gehalte sowie der Gehalt an Cr, Co, Mn und Se und der Gehalt an königswasserlöslichem Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb und Zn werden angegeben.相似文献